he Systematic Analyze Them in Terms The Nonpharmacological Methods Used in The Treatment of Perineal Pain After Episiotomy

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 195 - 208, 30.06.2020

Nilüfer Tok Yanık , Gül Ertem

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.487004

Cited By: 3

Öz

Episiotomy
is an incision, it is used for to ensure the safe delivery of the baby, to
maintain perineal tonus and to prevent unwanted tears. Perineal
pain is adversely affects daily activities such as movement, urination,
defecation and breastfeeding especially in during the first 3 days postpartum. Therefore pain resulting from episiotomy should be
treated. In recent years, non-pharmacological methods are
effective in reducing the pain alone or together. The main objective is
to improve the quality of life by reducing the rate of analgesic use in the
treatment of pain. It has been reached 17
studies from these studies specifically examining the effects of non-pharmacological
methods between 2007- 2017. Cold
gel pad and ice pack application, low frequency Transkütan Electrical Nerve
Stimulation (TENS)
and high frequency TENS, Wrist-ankle acupuncture application, lavender-timol added washing solution,
cinnamon ointment and horse-tail ointment is effective, low dose laser therapy
(LLLT), ear acupuncture was found to be ineffective for the removal of perineal
pain after episiotomy. The sitz bath with lavender oil prepared has been found
to be effective in a study and not effective in the other study. It is
recommended that to investigation of at the level of evidence about the most
effective methods, advising advising health professionals about the use of
methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Episiotomy, Perineal Pain, Nonpharmacological Methods

Epizyotomi Sonrası Perineal Ağrının Tedavisinde Kullanılan Nonfarmokolojik Yöntemlerin Sistematik Açıdan İncelenmesi

Öz

Epizyotomi, bebeğin güvenli
doğumunu sağlamak, perine tonüsünü korumak ve istenmeyen yırtıkları ön­lemek
amacıyla yapılan insizyondur. Perineal ağrı, özellikle postpartum ilk 3 gün
boyunca, hareket etme, idrar yapma ve defekasyon, emzirme gibi günlük akti­viteleri
olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle epizyotomiden kaynaklanan ağrı tedavi
edilmelidir. Son yıllarda farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler ya tek
başlarına ya da birlikte ağrıyı azaltmada etkili olmaktadırlar. Temel amaç ağrı
tedavisinde analjezik kulla-nım oranını azaltarak yaşam kalitesini
yükseltmektir. Bu çalışmalardan 2007- 2017 arasında olan özellikle non-farmakolojik yöntemlerin
etkilerini inceleyen 17 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Epizyotomi sonrası perineal ağrının giderilmesinde soğuk
jel pedi ve buz paketi uygulamasının, düşük frekanslı Transkutan Elektriksel Sinir Stimülasyonu (TENS) ve yüksek fre­kanslı
TENS’in, bilek-ayak akapunktur
uygulaması­nın, lavanta-timolü ilave edilerek hazırlanan yıkama solüsyonunun,
tarçın
merhemi ve at-kuyruğu merhe­minin etkili olduğu, Düşük Doz Lazer Tedavisi (DDLT)’nin,
kulak akapunktur uygulamasının etkili olmadığı saptanmıştır. Lavanta yağı ile hazırlanan oturma banyosunun bir çalışmada
etkili olduğu sapta­nırken diğer çalışmada etkili olmadığı saptanmıştır.
Epizyotomi sonrası perineal ağrının giderilmesinde en etkili yöntemlerin kanıt
düzeyinde araştırılması, bu yöntemlerin kullanımı ile ilgili sağlık çalışanlarına
danışmanlık yapılması önerilmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Epizyotomi, Perineal Ağrı, Nonfarmakolojik Yöntemler

Kaynakça

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