Short And Long-Term Effects Of High Protein Diet Movements On The Maintenance Of Body Weight And Health

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 656 - 673, 30.01.2014

Semra Navruz Nilüfer Acar Tek

Öz

Many people around the world are following various nutritional practices to reduce or maintain their body weight. It has been claimed that diet regimes developed for this purpose will enable body weight control by stimulating a variety of mechanisms that increase satiety. The most popular of these diets are the ones that recommend the reduction of carbohydrate intake. Practices observed in Western societies and often aimed at avoiding high-fat diets promote high protein intake. There is no general consensus on what is a high protein diet; but in the food industry, the term "protein enriched" is used when more than 20% of the total energy comes from protein. High-protein diets in body weight loss studies often indicate diets in which 30% of the energy is obtained from protein. In this article, the effects of high-protein diets on the short and long-term changes in body weight and body composition, the body weight regain after loss, and the potential side effects (risk of cardiovascular disease, blood pressure and blood lipids, gastrointestinal effects, antioxidant status) are examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

High Protein Diet, Body Weight Loss, Body Composition, Health Effects.

Yüksek Proteinli Diyet Akımlarının Vücut Ağırlığının Korunması Ve Sağlık Üzerine Kısa Ve Uzun Dönemli Etkileri

Öz

Dünyada birçok kişi vücut ağırlığını azaltmak veya korumak için çeşitli beslenme uygulamaları yapmaktadır. Bu amaçla oluşturulan diyet rejimlerinin tokluğu artıran çeşitli mekanizmaları uyararak vücut ağırlığı kontrolü sağlayacağı ileri sürülmektedir. Bu diyetler arasında en popüler olanı karbonhidrat alımının azaltılmasını önerenlerdir. Batılı toplumlarda görülen; genellikle yüksek yağlı diyetten kaçınmayı amaçlayan uygulamalar, yüksek protein alımını teşvik etmektedir. Yüksek proteinli bir diyetin ne olduğuna dair genel bir fikir birliği yoktur; besin endüstrisinde, toplam enerjinin proteinden gelen oranı %20'den fazla olduğunda “protein bakımından zenginleştirilmiş” terimi kullanılmaktadır. Vücut ağırlığı kaybı çalışmalarındaki yüksek proteinli diyetler sıklıkla proteinden sağlanan enerji oranının %30'unu oluşturan diyetleri işaret etmektedir. Bu yazıda yüksek proteinli diyetlerin kısa ve uzun dönemdeki vücut ağırlığı ve vücut bileşimi değişiklikleri, vücut ağırlığı kaybından sonra tekrar kazanımı üzerine etkileri ve potansiyel yan etkileri (kardiyovasküler hastalık riski, kan basıncı ve kan lipitleri, gastrointestinal etkiler, antioksidan durumu) irdelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yüksek Proteinli Diyet, Vücut Ağırlık Kaybı, Vücut Bileşimi, Sağlık Etkileri.

Kaynakça

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