Humic Acid Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Regulating TNF-α Expression

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 938 - 946, 25.09.2025

İhsan Karaboğa , Hamza Malik Okuyan , Serdar Doğan , Şeyda Öznur Ayçiçek , Mehmet Doğan , Hafize Kılınçkaya Doğan

Öz

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition with a high mortality rate despite advances in health. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of HA in the LPS-induced rat AKI model. A total of 24 adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Control group, (2) LPS group and (3) HA+LPS group. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg to the LPS group, while humic acid (HA) was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg for three days before LPS injection to the HA+LPS group. Histopathological changes in the renal tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining method. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression levels were examined by immunohistochemical analyses. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Parameters such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), albumin, uric acid were analyzed in serum samples. Our findings show that HA treatment applied in rat sepsis model reduces renal tubular damage and decreases TNF-α expression. In conclusion, HA may improve renal functions by regulating inflammation in LPS-induced AKI model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lipopolysaccharide , acute kidney injury , humic acid

Humik Asit TNF-α İfadesini Düzenleyerek Lipopolisakkarit-uyarımlı Akut Böbrek Hasarını Hafifletir

Öz

Sepsis-uyarımlı akut böbrek hasarı (ABH) sağlık alanındaki gelişmelere rağmen yüksek mortalite oranına sahip bir klinik tablodur. Bu çalışmada HA’nın LPS ile indüklenen sıçan ABH modelinde potansiyel koruyucu etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 24 adet erişkin erkek Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele olarak üç gruba ayrıldı: (1) Kontrol grubu, (2) LPS grubu ve (3) HA+LPS grubu. LPS grubuna 5 mg/kg dozunda Lipopolisakkarit (LPS) uygulanırken, HA+LPS grubuna LPS enjeksiyonundan önceki üç gün boyunca 50 mg/kg dozunda Humik asit (HA) tedavisi uygulandı. Böbrek dokularındaki histopatolojik değişiklikler Hematoksilen-Eozin (H&E) boyama yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Ayrıca, tümör nekroz faktörü-alfa (TNF-α) ekspresyon düzeyleri immünohistokimyasal analizlerle incelendi. Malondialdehit (MDA) total antioksidan kapasite (TAS), total oksidan kapasite (TOS), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), Glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) gibi oksidatif stres belirteçleri analiz edildi. Kan üre azotu (BUN), kreatinin (CREA), laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH), total protein (TP), albumin, ürik asit gibi parametreler serum numunelerinde analiz edildi. Bulgularımız, sıçan sepsis modelinde uygulanan HA tedavisinin renal tübüler hasarı azalttığını ve TNF-α ekspresyonunu düşürdüğünü göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, HA, LPS-uyarımlı ABH modelinde inflamasyonu düzenleyerek renal fonksiyonları iyileştirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

lipopolisakkarit , akut böbrek hasarı , humik asit

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın tüm deney protokolleri Sakarya Üniversitesi Yerel Hayvan Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylandı (İzin numarası: 2025/45).

Kaynakça

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