Turizm ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Karbondioksit Emisyonu Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Turizm son yıllarda sürekli olarak büyüme göstermiş olup istihdam, büyüme, kalkınma, çevre ve kültürün korunmasına katkı sağladığı için ülkeler açısından önemli bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Turizme katılan sayısının giderek artmasına paralel olarak bu sektörde karbondioksit emisyonu (CO2) üzerinde etkisi ile ilgili çalışmalar da ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı dünyada en fazla turist alan 10 ülkede 1992-2020 yılları arasında turizmin ve ekonomik büyümenin CO2 üzerindeki etkisini panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelemektir. Pedroni ve Westerlund eşbütünleşme testi sonuçlarına göre, CO2, gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYH) ve turizm gelirleri arasında uzun dönem ilişki söz konusudur. Panel Dinamik En Küçük Kareler (DOLS) ve Tam Düzeltilmiş En Küçük Kareler (FMOLS) yöntemlerinin sonuçlarına göre turist sayılarının ve turizm gelirlerinin CO2 emisyonu üzerinde negatif etkisi varken GSYH’nın pozitif etkisi bulunmaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarına dayalı olarak yönetsel çıkarımlar tartışılmakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için öneriler verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CO2 Emisyonu
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Turizm
• Panel Veri Analizi

The Impact of Tourism and Economic Growth on Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Abstract

Tourism has grown continuously in recent years and has become an important sector for countries as it contributes to employment, growth, development, protection of environment and culture. In parallel with the increasing number of tourist arrivals, studies on the effect of the tourism sector on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) have also emerged. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of tourism and economic growth on carbon emissions between 1992 and 2020 in the world’s top 10 destinations according to tourist arrivals using the panel data analysis method. According to the Pedroni and Westerlund cointegration test results, a long-term relationship exists between CO2, gross domestic product (GDP), and tourism revenues. According to the panel Dynamic Least Squares (DOLS) and Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) results, while the number of tourists and tourism revenues have a negative effect on CO2 emissions, GDP has a positive effect. Based on the results of the study, managerial implications are discussed and suggestions for future research are given.

Keywords

• CO2 Emissions
• Economic Growth
• Tourism
• Panel Data Analysis

Kaynakça

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