Multiple Myelom (MM) Tanısı Alan Olgularda Kromozomal Değişimler

Öz

Multipl Myelom (plazma hücreli myelom, myelomatozis veya Kahler hastalığı) kemik iliğinde monoklonal immünglobulin (M protein) yapan plazma hücrelerinin kontrolsüz, klonal artışı ile karakterize kronik, progresif ve letal bir hastalıktır. Son 10 yılda özellikle genetikteki teknolojik gelişmeler sonucu, myeloma biyolojisinin ve tedavisinde dramatik ilerleme sağlanmıştır. Tablonun hücresel ve moleküler detayının zenginleştirilmesiyle yeni girişim ve prensiplerin özellikle tedavide belirlenmesinde yol gösterici olmuştur. Hastalık prognozu hastalığı oluşturan hücrelerin, morfolojisi, biyolojisi, fonksiyonu ve genetik özellikleri gibi değişkenler tarafından belirlenir. Günümüzde, prognoz belirlenmesinde ve tedavi seçiminde genetik özellikler de dikkate alınmaktadır. MM‟nin gelişimi; mutasyonları, kromozomal translokasyonları ve belki de belirli viral enfeksiyonlar ile tetiklenen çeşitli genetik anormalliklerin etkisini de içeren çok basamaklı bir olay olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Hastalığın ilerlemesiyle karmaşık genetik anomalilerin arttığı gözlenmiştir. Genetik değişimlerin saptanmasının sadece klinik prognoz açısından değil aynı zamanda tedaviye alınacak cevabı belirleyip tedavi alternatiflerin seçiminde de yardımcı olacağı belirtilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multipl myelom,genetik,kromozom

Chromosomal Changes in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM)

Öz

Multiple Myeloma (plasma cell myeloma, myelomatosis or Kahler's disease) is a chronic, progressive, and lethal disease characterized with plasma cells was increased uncontrolled that produced monoclonal immunoglobulin (M protein) in bone marrow. In the last 10 years, especially in genetics, technological developments have resulted in dramatic progress in myeloma biology and treatment. Enrichment of cellular and molecular details for disease has led to new initiatives and principles leading to choice of treatment. The disease prognosis is determined by variables such as the morphology, biology, function, and genetic characteristics of the cells that make up the disease. Nowadays, genetic features are taken into account in determining prognosis and selection of treatment. Development of MM; is defined as a multi-step event triggered by mutations, chromosomal translocations, certain viral infections and possibly the effects of various genetic abnormalities. It has been observed that complex genetic anomalies increase with the progression of the disease. Genetic changes will be helpful not only in terms of clinical prognosis but also in choosing therapeutic alternatives by anticipating the response to be taken from the treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multipl myeloma,genetics,chromosomes

Kaynakça

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