6-10 Yaş Arası Çocuklarda Uyku Alışkanlıkları, Uyku Sorunları ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2021, Cilt 13, Sayı 4, 216 - 232, 11.05.2022

Gülşah ÜNSAL Elif ÜNVER KORĞALI Ayça KÖMÜRLÜOĞLU TAN Ebru Atike ONGUN

Öz

Amaç: Uyku, çocuklarda fiziksel büyüme, duygusal-davranışsal gelişim ve akademik performans ile ilişkilidir. Sağlıklı yaşam için çocukların yeterli ve kaliteli uyku uyumaları gerekir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, 6-10 yaş ilköğretim çağı çocuklarında uyku alışkanlıklarını incelemek, uyku sorunları ve üzerindeki etkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmamız Genel Pediatri polikliniğine başvuran 6-10 yaş arasında sağlıklı çocuğu olan ebeveynlerle yapılan tanımlayıcı tipte bir anket çalışmasıdır. Ankette ailenin sosyodemografik özelliklerini, çocuğun uyuduğu ev ve oda durumunu, çocuğun uyku öncesi alışkanlıklarını ve bebeklikteki uyku düzenini sorgulayan sorular ile beraber ‘Çocuk Uyku Alışkanlıkları Anketi’ (ÇUAA) kısa formu bulunmaktadır. Çocuklar; uyku sorunu olan (Grup 1; ÇUAA> 41) ve olmayan (Grup 2; ÇUAA≤ 41) şeklinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocukların (n=302), günlük ortalama uyku süresi 9,33±1,09 saattir ve %60,9’unun yatış saati ≤22:00 iken, %11.9’unun >23.00’dür ve %72,8’i saat ≤08:00’de uyanmaktadır. Çocukların %62,9’unda uyku sorunu vardır. Grup 1’de daha yüksek oranda evde sigara içen kişi vardır ( sırasıyla %55,8 ve %36,6, p=0,001) ve çocukların günlük uyku süresi daha kısadır ( sırasıyla 9,21±1,22 ve 9,51±0,80 saat, p=0,008). Ebeveyn eğitimi, annede uyku sorunu olması, uyku öncesi rutinler, bebeklikteki uyku düzeni ve ailenin uyku konusundaki tutumu çocuklardaki sorunlu uyku ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Çocuklarda uyku sorunu yaşanma ihtimali; bebeklikte uyku düzeni olmayanlarda (OO: 7,637, %95 GA 2,28-25,53), uyku öncesi kitap okumayanlarda (OO: 1,726, %95 GA 1,07-2,79) ve uyku konusunda kuralları olmayan ailelerde (OO: 2,426, %95 GA 1,45-4,06) artmıştır. Sonuç: Altı-on yaş arasındaki çocuklarda yüksek oranda uyku sorunu yaşanmaktadır. Çocukların sağlıklı bir uyku alışkanlığı kazanabilmesi için; aileler bilinçlendirilmeli, uyku öncesi rutinler oluşturulmalı ve çocuk sağlığı takiplerinde uykunun önemi vurgulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, İlköğretim çağı, Uyku

Sleeping Habits, Sleeping Problems and Affecting Factors in Children Aged 6-10

Öz

Objective: Sleep is associated with physical growth, emotional-behavioral development and academic performance in children. For a healthy life, children need adequate and quality sleep. The aim of this study was to examine the sleep habits of 6-10 year old primary school children, to determine sleep problems and the factors affecting it. Method: This descriptive, questionnaire study was conducted with parents of healthy children aged 0-6 years who presented at the General Pediatrics Polyclinic. The questionnaire includes questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, home and room conditions, bedtime routines and sleep patterns in infancy, as well as the short form of the 'Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire' (CSHQ). The children were divided into groups as those with sleep problems (Group 1; CSHQ> 41) and those without (Group 2; CSHQ≤ 41). Results: The average daily sleep time of the children (n=302) was 9.33±1.09 hours, while 60.9% of them went to bed at ≤22:00, 11.9% of them were >23.00 and 72.8% woke up at ≤08:00. In this study 62.9% of children have sleep problems. Group1 had a higher rate of household smokers (55.8% and 36.6%, p=0.001, respectively), and children had shorter daily sleep times (9.21±1.22 and 9.51±0.80 hours, respectively, p=0.008). Parent education, mother’s sleep problems, bedtime routines, sleep patterns in infancy, and the parents’ attitude towards sleep were found to be associated with sleep problems in children. If there is no sleep pattern in infancy (OR: 7.637, 95CL 2.28-25.53), no reading before bedtime (OR: 1.726, 95CL 1.07-2.79), and no rules about sleep in the family (OR: 2.426, 95CL 1.45-4.06), the possibility of sleep problems in children increases. Conclusion: Children between the ages of 6-10 have a high rate of sleep problems. In order for children to gain a healthy sleep habit; families should be made aware, bedtime routines should be established and the importance of sleep should be emphasized in child health follow-ups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Children, Primary school age, Sleep

Kaynakça

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