Askeri Harcamalar Sürdürülebilir Kalkınmayı Engelliyor mu? NATO Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 48, 195 - 214, 23.08.2024

Emre Akusta

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.1511309

Öz

Bu çalışma, NATO ülkelerinde askeri harcamaların sürdürülebilir kalkınma üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Analizde 1995-2019 dönemi için yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada değişkenler arasındaki eş bütünleşme ilişkisini araştırmak için Durbin-Hausman panel cointegration test; uzun dönem katsayıları tahmin etmek amacıyla ise Panel AMG tahmincisi kullanılmıştır. AMG tahmincisi sonuçları gösteriyor ki, NATO ülkelerinde askeri harcamalar ve sanayi üretim endeksi, sürdürülebilir kalkınma üzerinde negatif bir etki sergilerken, yabancı doğrudan yatırımlar pozitif bir etki yaratmıştır. Enerji tüketiminin etkisi ise negatif olup, diğer negatif etkilere göre daha az belirgindir. Çalışmada ayrıca askeri harcamaların sürdürülebilir kalkınma üzerindeki etkisinin ülke özelinde nasıl değişkenlik gösterdiği incelendi. Analizler, farklı ülkelerdeki ilişkinin yönü, anlamlılığı ve katsayı büyüklüğü açısından önemli farklılıklar ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgulara göre, askeri harcamaların sürdürülebilir kalkınma üzerindeki etkileri ülkeden ülkeye değişmektedir. Bu nedenle ülkeler, kendine özgü dinamiklerini göz önünde bulundurarak sürdürülebilir kalkınmalarını sağlamak için politikalar geliştirmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Askeri Harcamalar, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, NATO, Panel Veri Analizi, Panel AMG Tahmincisi

Does Military Expenditure Impede Sustainable Development? Empirical Evidence from NATO Countries

Öz

This study analyzes the impact of military expenditures on sustainable development in NATO countries. The analysis utilizes annual data for the period between 1995 and 2019. In this study, the Durbin-Hausman panel cointegration test is used to analyze the cointegration relationship between the variables and the Panel AMG estimator is used to estimate the long-run coefficients. The results of the AMG estimator show that military expenditures and industrial production index have a negative effect on sustainable development in NATO countries, while foreign direct investments have a positive effect. The impact of primary energy consumption is negative and less significant than the other negative impacts. The study also analyzes how the impact of military expenditures on sustainable development varies across countries. This analysis reveals the significant differences in the direction, significance, and coefficient size of the relationship among different countries. These findings suggest that the impact of military expenditures on sustainable development varies across countries. Therefore, countries should develop policies to ensure sustainable development by considering their specific dynamics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Military Expenditures, Sustainable Development, NATO, Panel Data Analysis, Panel AMG Estimator

Kaynakça

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