AŞI KARŞITLIĞI VE EKONOMİSİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 375 - 398, 23.06.2021

Pınar Yalçın Balçık Hüseyin Demir

Öz

Onlarca yıllık deneyim, insanlar arasında aşılara karşı olumsuz algı ve tutumda çarpıcı bir artış olduğunu göstermiştir. Aşı karşıtlığı, aşı kapsamı oranlarının düşük olması gibi sağlık sistemleri üzerinde maliyet oluşturan ve toplumsal bağışıklığı tehdit eden durumları beraberinde getirmektedir. Aşı karşıtlığı, bireyin sağlığını etkileyebileceği gibi toplum sağlığını da olumsuz olarak etkileyebilmektedir. Bulaşıcı hastalıklar söz konusu olduğunda bu durum daha da zorlayıcı hale gelmektedir. Aşı karşıtlığı hareketinin bilimsel dayanakları bulunmamasına rağmen aktivistlerin liderlik ettiği bu süreçte, internet ve sosyal medyanın etkisiyle yanlış kaynaklardan üretilen yanlış bilgilerle beslenen insanlarda aşıya karşı olumsuz algı ve tutum ortaya çıkabilmektedir, bu durum en nihayetinde aşı kapsamının düşük olmasına neden olan aşı reddi davranışı ile son bulmaktadır. Literatürde aşı karşıtlığı ile ilgili üzerinde uzlaşı sağlanmış faktörler bulunmamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra aşı karşıtlığı, sağlık sistemleri üzerinde oluşturabileceği maliyetler ve aşı olmamanın beraberinde getireceği dışsallıkların üreteceği toplumsal maliyetler nedeniyle sağlık ekonomisini yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Buradan hareketle, birey ve toplum sağlığı üzerinde yıkıcı etkileri bulunan aşı karşıtlığının temel nedenleri ile ilgili anlayış ve kavrayış sağlamaya çalışmak ve aşı karşıtlığını sağlık ekonomisi bağlamında değerlendirmek bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada literatüre dayanılarak aşı karşıtlığında çeşitli faktörlere dikkat çekilmiş olup aşı karşıtlığının birey ve toplum üzerindeki maliyetleri sağlık ekonomisi perspektifinden kapsamlı olarak değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın bu yönüyle Türkiye’de aşı karşıtlığı ile ilgili oluşmaya başlayan literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşı, aşı karşıtlığı, sağlık ekonomisi

Kaynakça

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