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COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 619 - 632, 29.09.2021

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, yeni tip koronavirüs (COVID-19) salgını sırasında tele-tıp kullanımını, tele-tıbbın sağladığı avantajları ve uygulamadaki zorluklarını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu kapsamda COVID-19 salgını döneminde başta tele-tıp olmak üzere tele-tıp ve tele-sağlık ile ilgili yapılan akademik çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemede COVID-19 salgını öncesi düşük düzeyde kalan tele-tıp kullanımının salgın döneminde oldukça hızlı bir şekilde arttığı gözlenmiştir. Tele-tıp kullanımının COVID-19 salgından korunmada hem hastalar hem çalışanlar için gerekli olduğu, hastanedeki yoğunluğu azalttığı, kaynak tasarrufu sağladığı ortaya konulmuştur. Tele-tıbbın salgın dönemdeki önemine karşın birçok ülke tele-tıbbı farklı düzeylerde kullanmaktadır. Tele-tıp kullanım düzeyi, çoğunlukla altyapı imkânlarının bulunmasıyla ilişkilidir. Tele-tıbbın kullanımında; Çin, ABD, Avustralya ve bazı Avrupa ülkeleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Tele-tıp; COVID-19 pandemisi ile başa çıkmanın yollarından biri olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, tele-tıbbın kullanımında yasal düzenleme eksiklikleri, erişim problemleri, veri güvenliliğinin sağlanamaması gibi bazı sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, gerekli yasal düzenlemelerin yapılması, ödeme kapsamının genişletilmesi, veri güvenliğinin sağlanması, tele-tıp için kalite standartlarının belirlenmesi ve altyapı yatırımların yapılması gerekir. Tele-tıp; başta salgın dönemi olmak üzere, özellik arz eden hastalar ve durumlar için gelecekte de kullanılabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Abuzeineh, M., Muzaale, A. D., Crews, D. C., Avery, R. K., Brotman, D. J., Brennan, D. C., ... & Al Ammary, F. (2020). Telemedicine in the care of kidney transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: Case reports. Transplantation Proceedings, 52(9), 2620-2625.
  • Ali, N. A., & Khoja, A. (2020). Telehealth: An important player during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Ochsner Journal, 20(2), 113-114.
  • Al-Sofiani, M. E., Alyusuf, E. Y., Alharthi, S., Alguwaihes, A. M., Al-Khalifah, R., & Alfadda, A. (2021). Rapid implementation of a diabetes telemedicine clinic during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: Our protocol, experience, and satisfaction reports in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 15(2), 329-338.
  • Ameh, G. G., Njoku, A., Inungu, J., & Younis, M. (2020). Rural America and coronavirus epidemic: Challenges and solutions. European Journal of Environment and Public Health, 4(2), em0040.
  • Aslani, N., & Garavand, A. (2020). The role of telemedicine to control COVID-19. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 15, e102949.
  • Au, S. C. L. (2020). Revisiting the role of telemedicine under the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak. European Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology, 2(1), 26-27.
  • Babulak, E., & Perner, P. Corona virus global health transformation to telemedicine, the quality-of-service provision, and the cybersecurity challenges. Transactions on Machine Learning and Data Mining, 13(2), 61-81.
  • Cheung, M. L., Leung, K. S. W., & Chan, H. S. (2020). Driving healthcare wearable technology adoption for generation z consumers in Hong Kong. Young Consumers, 22(1), 10-27.
  • Corruble, E. (2020). A viewpoint from Paris on the COVID-19 pandemic: A necessary turn to telepsychiatry. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(3), 1.
  • Cremades, M., Ferret, G., Pares, D., Navinés, J., Espin, F., Pardo, F., ... & Julian, J. F. (2020). Telemedicine to follow patients in a general surgery department. A randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Surgery, 219(6), 882-887.
  • Cui, F., Ma, Q., He, X., Zhai, Y., Zhao, J., Chen, B., ... & Wang, Z. (2020). Implementation and application of telemedicine in China: Cross-sectional study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(10), e18426.
  • Ding, X. R., Clifton, D., Nan, J. I., Lovell, N. H., Bonato, P., Chen, W., ... & Xu, K. (2020). Wearable sensing and telehealth technology with potential applications in the coronavirus pandemic. IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 14, 48-70.
  • Dinmohamed, A. G., Visser, O., Verhoeven, R. H., Louwman, M. W., van Nederveen, F. H., Willems, S. M., ... & Siesling, S. (2020). Fewer cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 epidemic in the Netherlands. The Lancet Oncology, 21(6), 750-751.
  • Fieux, M., Duret, S., Bawazeer, N., Denoix, L., Zaouche, S., & Tringali, S. (2020). Telemedicine for ENT: Effect on quality of care during COVID-19 pandemic. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, 137(4), 257-261.
  • Hong, Z., Li, N., Li, D., Li, J., Li, B., Xiong, W., ... & Zhou, D. (2020). Telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences from Western China. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(5), e19577.
  • Jakhar, D., Kaul, S., & Kaur, I. (2020). WhatsApp messenger as a teledermatology tool during coronavirus disease (COVID-19): From bedside to phone‐side. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 45(6), 739-740.
  • Jordan, V. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19): Remote care through telehealth. Journal of Primary Health Care, 12(2), 184-185.
  • Kojima, N., & Klausner, J. D. (2020). Virtual house calls: Telemedicine and reforming the health care delivery model with strategies ımplemented in a novel coronavirus pandemic. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(7), 2243-2243.
  • Korku, C. (2020). Telemedicine in the coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. 4th International Hippocrates Congress on Medical and Health Sciences. [Conference presentation]. Turkey.
  • Kringos, D., Carinci, F., Barbazza, E., Bos, V., Gilmore, K., Groene, O., ... & Klazinga, N. (2020). Managing COVID-19 within and across health systems: Why we need performance intelligence to coordinate a global response. Health Research Policy and Systems, 18(1), 1-8.
  • Kvedar, J., Coye, M. J., & Everett, W. (2014). Connected health: A review of technologies and strategies to improve patient care with telemedicine and telehealth. Health Affairs, 33(2), 194-199.
  • Lee, I., Kovarik, C., Tejasvi, T., Pizarro, M., & Lipoff, J. B. (2020). Telehealth: Helping your patients and practice survive and thrive during the COVID-19 crisis with rapid quality implementation. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 82(5), 1213-1214.
  • Leite, H., Hodgkinson, I. R., & Gruber, T. (2020). New development:‘Healing at a distance’-telemedicine and COVID-19. Public Money & Management, 40(6), 483-485.
  • Liu, S., Yang, L., Zhang, C., Xiang, Y. T., Liu, Z., Hu, S., & Zhang, B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e17-e18.
  • Mehrotra, A., Wang, B., & Snyder, G. (2020). Telemedicine: What should the post-pandemic regulatory and payment landscape look like? Commonwealth Fund, August, 1-10.
  • Maret, D., Peters, O. A., Vaysse, F., & Vigarios, E. (2020). Integration of telemedicine into the public health response to COVID-19 must include dentists. International Endodontic Journal, 53(6), 880-881.
  • Monaghesh, E., & Hajizadeh, A. (2020). The role of telehealth during COVID-19 outbreak: A systematic review based on current evidence. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-9.
  • Morisada, M. V., Hwang, J., Gill, A. S., Wilson, M. D., Strong, E. B., & Steele, T. O. (2020). Telemedicine, patient satisfaction, and chronic rhinosinusitis care in the era of COVID-19. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, 35(4), 494-499.
  • Mouchtouris, N., Lavergne, P., Montenegro, T. S., Gonzalez, G., Baldassari, M., Sharan, A., ... & Evans, J. J. (2020). Telemedicine in neurosurgery: Lessons learned and transformation of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. World Neurosurgery, 140, e387-e394.
  • Mustafa, S. S., Yang, L., Mortezavi, M., Vadamalai, K., & Ramsey, A. (2020). Patient satisfaction with telemedicine encounters in an allergy and immunology practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 125(4), 478-479.
  • North, S. (2020). Telemedicine in the time of coronavirus disease and beyond. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(2), 145-146.
  • Nouri, S., Khoong, E. C., Lyles, C. R., & Karliner, L. (2020). Addressing equity in telemedicine for chronic disease management during the COVID-19 pandemic. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, 1(3), 1-13.
  • Ohannessian, R., Duong, T. A., & Odone, A. (2020). Global telemedicine implementation and integration within health systems to fight the COVID-19 pandemic: A call to action. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(2), e18810.
  • Özel Hastaneler ve Sağlık Kuruluşları Derneği (2021, 5 Mayıs). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı tele sağlık sistemi hakkında duyuru. https://ohsad.org/saglik-bakanligi-tele-saglik-sistemi-hakkinda-duyuru-yayinladi/
  • Parisien, R. L., Shin, M., Constant, M., Saltzman, B. M., Li, X., Levine, W. N., & Trofa, D. P. (2020). Telehealth utilization in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in orthopaedic surgery. The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 0(0), 1-6.
  • Pehlivan, Ö. (2020). Türkiye’deki olası telesağlık senaryolarının birinci basamak sağlık çalışanları tarafından değerlendirilmesi, Bolu ili örneği (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Bolu.
  • Peine, A., Paffenholz, P., Martin, L., Dohmen, S., Marx, G., & Loosen, S. H. (2020). Telemedicine in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: Multi-professional national survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e19745.
  • Portnoy, J., Waller, M., & Elliott, T. (2020). Telemedicine in the era of COVID-19. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 8(5), 1489-1491.
  • Purcell, L. N., & Charles, A. (2020). An invited commentary on “impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice-part 1”. Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice: Time to embrace Telehealth in Surgery. International Journal of Surgery (London, England), 79, 56.
  • Richards, M., Anderson, M., Carter, P., Ebert, B. L., & Mossialos, E. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care. Nature Cancer, 1(6), 565-567.
  • Schulz, T., Long, K., Kanhutu, K., Bayrak, I., Johnson, D., & Fazio, T. (2020). Telehealth during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Rapid expansion of telehealth outpatient use during a pandemic is possible if the programme is previously established. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 0(0), 1-7.
  • Scott, B. K., Hravnak, M., & Pamplin, J. C. (2020). Clinical distancing and mitigation of coronavirus disease 2019. Critical Care Explorations, 2(4), e0117.
  • Sen-Crowe, B., Sutherland, M., McKenney, M., & Elkbuli, A. (2021). A closer look into global hospital beds capacity and resource shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Surgical Research, 260, 56-63.
  • Shachar, C., Engel, J., & Elwyn, G. (2020). Implications for telehealth in a postpandemic future: regulatory and privacy issues. JAMA, 323(23), 2375-2376.
  • Shirke, M. M., Shaikh, S. A., & Harky, A. (2020). Tele-oncology in the COVID-19 era: The way forward? Trends in Cancer, 6(7), 547-549.
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USE OF TELEMEDICINE IN COVID-19 PANDEMIA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 619 - 632, 29.09.2021

Öz

The aim of this research is to reveal the use of telemedicine during the new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, the advantages of telemedicine and its difficulties in practice. In this context, academic studies on tele-medicine and tele-health, especially tele-medicine, were examined during the period of COVID-19. In the examination, it was observed that the tele-medicine, which remained low before the COVID-19 epidemic, increased quite rapidly during the epidemic period. It has been revealed that the use of tele-medicine is necessary for both patients and employees in the prevention of the COVID-19 epidemic, reduces the density in the hospital and saves resources. Despite the importance of telemedicine during the epidemic period, many countries use telemedicine at different levels. The level of use of these is associated with the availability of infrastructure facilities. In the use of telemedicine; China, USA, Australia and some European countries stand out. Although tele-medicine is accepted as one of the ways to deal with COVID-19, there are some problems such as regulatory deficiencies, access problems, and data security. It is necessary to make legal arrangements for these problems, to expand the scope of payment, to ensure data security, to ensure quality standards for tele-medicine and to make infrastructure investments. Tele-medicine can also be used in the future for special patients and conditions, especially during the epidemic period.

Kaynakça

  • Abuzeineh, M., Muzaale, A. D., Crews, D. C., Avery, R. K., Brotman, D. J., Brennan, D. C., ... & Al Ammary, F. (2020). Telemedicine in the care of kidney transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: Case reports. Transplantation Proceedings, 52(9), 2620-2625.
  • Ali, N. A., & Khoja, A. (2020). Telehealth: An important player during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Ochsner Journal, 20(2), 113-114.
  • Al-Sofiani, M. E., Alyusuf, E. Y., Alharthi, S., Alguwaihes, A. M., Al-Khalifah, R., & Alfadda, A. (2021). Rapid implementation of a diabetes telemedicine clinic during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: Our protocol, experience, and satisfaction reports in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 15(2), 329-338.
  • Ameh, G. G., Njoku, A., Inungu, J., & Younis, M. (2020). Rural America and coronavirus epidemic: Challenges and solutions. European Journal of Environment and Public Health, 4(2), em0040.
  • Aslani, N., & Garavand, A. (2020). The role of telemedicine to control COVID-19. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 15, e102949.
  • Au, S. C. L. (2020). Revisiting the role of telemedicine under the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak. European Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology, 2(1), 26-27.
  • Babulak, E., & Perner, P. Corona virus global health transformation to telemedicine, the quality-of-service provision, and the cybersecurity challenges. Transactions on Machine Learning and Data Mining, 13(2), 61-81.
  • Cheung, M. L., Leung, K. S. W., & Chan, H. S. (2020). Driving healthcare wearable technology adoption for generation z consumers in Hong Kong. Young Consumers, 22(1), 10-27.
  • Corruble, E. (2020). A viewpoint from Paris on the COVID-19 pandemic: A necessary turn to telepsychiatry. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(3), 1.
  • Cremades, M., Ferret, G., Pares, D., Navinés, J., Espin, F., Pardo, F., ... & Julian, J. F. (2020). Telemedicine to follow patients in a general surgery department. A randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Surgery, 219(6), 882-887.
  • Cui, F., Ma, Q., He, X., Zhai, Y., Zhao, J., Chen, B., ... & Wang, Z. (2020). Implementation and application of telemedicine in China: Cross-sectional study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(10), e18426.
  • Ding, X. R., Clifton, D., Nan, J. I., Lovell, N. H., Bonato, P., Chen, W., ... & Xu, K. (2020). Wearable sensing and telehealth technology with potential applications in the coronavirus pandemic. IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 14, 48-70.
  • Dinmohamed, A. G., Visser, O., Verhoeven, R. H., Louwman, M. W., van Nederveen, F. H., Willems, S. M., ... & Siesling, S. (2020). Fewer cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 epidemic in the Netherlands. The Lancet Oncology, 21(6), 750-751.
  • Fieux, M., Duret, S., Bawazeer, N., Denoix, L., Zaouche, S., & Tringali, S. (2020). Telemedicine for ENT: Effect on quality of care during COVID-19 pandemic. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, 137(4), 257-261.
  • Hong, Z., Li, N., Li, D., Li, J., Li, B., Xiong, W., ... & Zhou, D. (2020). Telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences from Western China. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(5), e19577.
  • Jakhar, D., Kaul, S., & Kaur, I. (2020). WhatsApp messenger as a teledermatology tool during coronavirus disease (COVID-19): From bedside to phone‐side. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 45(6), 739-740.
  • Jordan, V. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19): Remote care through telehealth. Journal of Primary Health Care, 12(2), 184-185.
  • Kojima, N., & Klausner, J. D. (2020). Virtual house calls: Telemedicine and reforming the health care delivery model with strategies ımplemented in a novel coronavirus pandemic. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(7), 2243-2243.
  • Korku, C. (2020). Telemedicine in the coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. 4th International Hippocrates Congress on Medical and Health Sciences. [Conference presentation]. Turkey.
  • Kringos, D., Carinci, F., Barbazza, E., Bos, V., Gilmore, K., Groene, O., ... & Klazinga, N. (2020). Managing COVID-19 within and across health systems: Why we need performance intelligence to coordinate a global response. Health Research Policy and Systems, 18(1), 1-8.
  • Kvedar, J., Coye, M. J., & Everett, W. (2014). Connected health: A review of technologies and strategies to improve patient care with telemedicine and telehealth. Health Affairs, 33(2), 194-199.
  • Lee, I., Kovarik, C., Tejasvi, T., Pizarro, M., & Lipoff, J. B. (2020). Telehealth: Helping your patients and practice survive and thrive during the COVID-19 crisis with rapid quality implementation. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 82(5), 1213-1214.
  • Leite, H., Hodgkinson, I. R., & Gruber, T. (2020). New development:‘Healing at a distance’-telemedicine and COVID-19. Public Money & Management, 40(6), 483-485.
  • Liu, S., Yang, L., Zhang, C., Xiang, Y. T., Liu, Z., Hu, S., & Zhang, B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e17-e18.
  • Mehrotra, A., Wang, B., & Snyder, G. (2020). Telemedicine: What should the post-pandemic regulatory and payment landscape look like? Commonwealth Fund, August, 1-10.
  • Maret, D., Peters, O. A., Vaysse, F., & Vigarios, E. (2020). Integration of telemedicine into the public health response to COVID-19 must include dentists. International Endodontic Journal, 53(6), 880-881.
  • Monaghesh, E., & Hajizadeh, A. (2020). The role of telehealth during COVID-19 outbreak: A systematic review based on current evidence. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-9.
  • Morisada, M. V., Hwang, J., Gill, A. S., Wilson, M. D., Strong, E. B., & Steele, T. O. (2020). Telemedicine, patient satisfaction, and chronic rhinosinusitis care in the era of COVID-19. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, 35(4), 494-499.
  • Mouchtouris, N., Lavergne, P., Montenegro, T. S., Gonzalez, G., Baldassari, M., Sharan, A., ... & Evans, J. J. (2020). Telemedicine in neurosurgery: Lessons learned and transformation of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. World Neurosurgery, 140, e387-e394.
  • Mustafa, S. S., Yang, L., Mortezavi, M., Vadamalai, K., & Ramsey, A. (2020). Patient satisfaction with telemedicine encounters in an allergy and immunology practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 125(4), 478-479.
  • North, S. (2020). Telemedicine in the time of coronavirus disease and beyond. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(2), 145-146.
  • Nouri, S., Khoong, E. C., Lyles, C. R., & Karliner, L. (2020). Addressing equity in telemedicine for chronic disease management during the COVID-19 pandemic. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, 1(3), 1-13.
  • Ohannessian, R., Duong, T. A., & Odone, A. (2020). Global telemedicine implementation and integration within health systems to fight the COVID-19 pandemic: A call to action. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(2), e18810.
  • Özel Hastaneler ve Sağlık Kuruluşları Derneği (2021, 5 Mayıs). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı tele sağlık sistemi hakkında duyuru. https://ohsad.org/saglik-bakanligi-tele-saglik-sistemi-hakkinda-duyuru-yayinladi/
  • Parisien, R. L., Shin, M., Constant, M., Saltzman, B. M., Li, X., Levine, W. N., & Trofa, D. P. (2020). Telehealth utilization in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in orthopaedic surgery. The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 0(0), 1-6.
  • Pehlivan, Ö. (2020). Türkiye’deki olası telesağlık senaryolarının birinci basamak sağlık çalışanları tarafından değerlendirilmesi, Bolu ili örneği (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Bolu.
  • Peine, A., Paffenholz, P., Martin, L., Dohmen, S., Marx, G., & Loosen, S. H. (2020). Telemedicine in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: Multi-professional national survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e19745.
  • Portnoy, J., Waller, M., & Elliott, T. (2020). Telemedicine in the era of COVID-19. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 8(5), 1489-1491.
  • Purcell, L. N., & Charles, A. (2020). An invited commentary on “impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice-part 1”. Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice: Time to embrace Telehealth in Surgery. International Journal of Surgery (London, England), 79, 56.
  • Richards, M., Anderson, M., Carter, P., Ebert, B. L., & Mossialos, E. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care. Nature Cancer, 1(6), 565-567.
  • Schulz, T., Long, K., Kanhutu, K., Bayrak, I., Johnson, D., & Fazio, T. (2020). Telehealth during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Rapid expansion of telehealth outpatient use during a pandemic is possible if the programme is previously established. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 0(0), 1-7.
  • Scott, B. K., Hravnak, M., & Pamplin, J. C. (2020). Clinical distancing and mitigation of coronavirus disease 2019. Critical Care Explorations, 2(4), e0117.
  • Sen-Crowe, B., Sutherland, M., McKenney, M., & Elkbuli, A. (2021). A closer look into global hospital beds capacity and resource shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Surgical Research, 260, 56-63.
  • Shachar, C., Engel, J., & Elwyn, G. (2020). Implications for telehealth in a postpandemic future: regulatory and privacy issues. JAMA, 323(23), 2375-2376.
  • Shirke, M. M., Shaikh, S. A., & Harky, A. (2020). Tele-oncology in the COVID-19 era: The way forward? Trends in Cancer, 6(7), 547-549.
  • Smith, W. R., Atala, A. J., Terlecki, R. P., Kelly, E. E., & Matthews, C. A. (2020a). Implementation guide for rapid integration of an outpatient telemedicine program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 231(2), 216-222.
  • Smith, A. C., Thomas, E., Snoswell, C. L., Haydon, H., Mehrotra, A., Clemensen, J., & Caffery, L. J. (2020b). Telehealth for global emergencies: Implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 26(5), 309-313.
  • Szmuda, T., Ali, S., & Słoniewski, P. (2020). Telemedicine in neurosurgery during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska, 54(2), 207-208.
  • T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı (2019). Sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçları değerlendirme raporu. (30.12.2020). https://sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Surdurulebilir-Kalkinma-Amaclari-Degerlendirme-Raporu_13_12_2019-WEB.pdf
  • T.C. Resmî Gazete (2006). Bilgi toplumu stratejisi (2006-2010)” ve “Bilgi toplumu stratejisi eylem planı (2006-2010). (30.05.2021). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2006/07/20060728-7.htm
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2019). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı faaliyet raporu 2019. (30.05.21) https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36626,tc-saglik-bakanligi-faaliyet-raporu-2019pdf.pdf?0
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2020). COVID-19 temaslı takibi, salgın yönetimi, evde hasta izlemi ve filyasyon. (30.12.2020). https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66339/temasli-takibi-salgin-yonetimi-evde-hasta-izlemi-ve-filyasyon.html
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2021). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı telesağlık sistemi. (30.05.2021). https://teletip.saglik.gov.tr/#announcements
  • WHO (2021). WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. (07.05.2021). https://covid19.who.int/
  • Vidal-Alaball, J., Acosta-Roja, R., Hernández, N. P., Luque, U. S., Morrison, D., Pérez, S. N., ... & Vèrges, A. S. (2020). Telemedicine in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Atencion Primaria, 52(6), 418-422.
  • Wang, C. J., Car, J., & Zuckerman, B. S. (2020). The power of telehealth has been unleashed. Pediatric Clinics, 67(4), 17-18.
  • Zhai, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, M., Gittell, J. H., Jiang, S., Chen, B., ... & Wang, X. (2020). From isolation to coordination: How can telemedicine help combat the COVID-19 outbreak? MedRxiv, 1-4.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cahit Korku 0000-0001-6849-9950

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Korku, C. (2021). COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 24(3), 619-632.
AMA Korku C. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI. HSİD. Eylül 2021;24(3):619-632.
Chicago Korku, Cahit. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI”. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi 24, sy. 3 (Eylül 2021): 619-32.
EndNote Korku C (01 Eylül 2021) COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi 24 3 619–632.
IEEE C. Korku, “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI”, HSİD, c. 24, sy. 3, ss. 619–632, 2021.
ISNAD Korku, Cahit. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI”. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi 24/3 (Eylül 2021), 619-632.
JAMA Korku C. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI. HSİD. 2021;24:619–632.
MLA Korku, Cahit. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI”. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, c. 24, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 619-32.
Vancouver Korku C. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE TELE-TIBBIN KULLANIMI. HSİD. 2021;24(3):619-32.