UZUN DÖNEMLİ BAKIMDA TERCİHLER VE BELİRLEYİCİLER: FORMAL BAKIMA KARŞI İNFORMAL BAKIM

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 681 - 694, 27.09.2022

Özden Güdük

Öz

Beklenen yaşam süresinin uzaması ve doğurganlık oranının düşmesinin etkisi ile uzun dönemli bakım hizmetlerinin planlanması, sunumu, finansmanı ve sürdürülebilmesi küresel bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Gelişmiş ülkeler başta olmak üzere pek çok ülke kendine özgü bir sistem geliştirmektedir. Sistem geliştirilmesinde göz önünde bulundurulması gereken en önemli konulardan biri ise bireylerin bakım hizmetleri yönündeki tercihleridir. Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı; uzun dönemli bakım hizmet çeşitleri hakkında bilgi vermek ve bireylerin bakım çeşidi tercihini etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Bakım çeşitleri; formal bakım (kurumsal bakım, evde formal bakım, gündüz bakım evleri) ve informal bakım olarak kategorize edilmiştir. Konu ile ilgili yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda, tercihleri etkileyen faktörler pek çok çalışmada kullanılan Andersen Modeline göre gruplandırılarak hazırlayıcı faktörler, etkinleştirici faktörler ve ihtiyaç faktörleri olarak ele alınmıştır. Bireylerin formal ya da informal bakım çeşitleri üzerine tercihini etkileyen pek çok faktör bulunmaktadır. Yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum gibi bireylerin kendisinden kaynaklanan sebeplerin yanı sıra, bakım verebilecek kişinin mevcudiyeti ve istekliliği, bakım kuruluşlarının varlığı ve kapasitesi gibi farklı dış etkenler de bakım tercihinde rol oynamaktadır. Sürdürülebilir ve etkin bir uzun dönemli bakım sistemi oluşturulması ve geliştirilmesinde bu faktörlerin ülke ve bölge bazında incelenmesi gereklidir. Böylece maliyet hesaplaması, kapasite belirlenmesi, kaynakların etkin dağılımı ve hizmetlerin güçlendirilmesine imkân sağlanabilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uzun dönemli bakım, evde bakım, informal bakım, formal bakım, kurumsal bakım.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 2219 Yurt Dışı Doktora Sonrası Araştırma Bursu ile finansal olarak desteklenmiştir.

Teşekkür

Prof. Dr. Heinz Rothgang ve Prof. Dr. Lorraine Frisina Doetter başta olmak üzere Bremen Üniversitesi SOCIUM Merkezinde çalışan tüm araştırmacılara içten teşekkür ederim.

PREFERENCES AND DETERMINANTS IN LONG TERM CARE: FORMAL CARE VS. INFORMAL CARE

Öz

With the effect of prolonging life expectancy and decreasing fertility rate, planning, delivery, financing and sustainability of long-term care services has become a global issue. Many countries, especially developed countries, have been developing their own system.. One of the most important issues to be considered in system development is the preferences of individuals in terms of care services. In this study, the types of long-term care services and the factors affecting the preferences of individuals are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Long-term care, home care, informal care, formal care, institutional care.

Kaynakça

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