Farklı sulama seviyelerinin ve sulama aralıklarının pamuk yetiştiriciliği üzerindeki etkileri: Verim, verim bileşenleri ve lif kalitesi parametreleri üzerine bir çalışma

Yıl 2023, , 293 - 305, 27.09.2023

Ali Fuat Tarı , Serhat Satış , Sabri Akın

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1323064

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışma sulama suyu aralığı ve kısıntılı sulamanın pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) kütlü verimi, lif kalitesi ve su etkinliği üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla Türkiye’nin Şanlıurfa ilinde 2020 ve 2021 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, ana konu olarak üç sulama aralığı (D1: 4 gün, D2: 8 ve D3: 12 gün), alt konu olarak ise damla sulama yöntemi kullanılarak Class A pan’a bağlı olarak üç sulama suyu seviyesi (I1: %150, I2: %120 ve I3: %90) ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada bitki su tüketimi (evapotranspirasyon) ilk yıl 693-1153 mm arasında değişirken ikinci yıl ise 716 ile 1126 mm arasında değişmiştir. Sulama aralığı ve kısıntılı sulama, pamuk kütlü verimi, pamuk koza ağırlığı ve çırçır randımanı üzerinde istatiksel olarak önemli etkisi olmuştur. En yüksek pamuk kütlü verimi, pamuk koza ağırlığı ve çırçır randımanı 4 gün sulama aralığı ve sulama suyu seviyesi %150 olan konudan (D1-I1) elde edilirken, en düşük değerler ise 12 gün sulama aralığı ve sulama suyu seviyesi %90 olan konudan (D3-I3) elde edilmiştir. Ancak, sulama aralığı ve kısıntılı sulamanın 100 tohum ağırlığı, lif inceliği, lif uzunluğu ve lif mukavemeti üzerinde istatiksel olarak önemli etkisi olmamıştır. Araştırmanın her iki yılında, su kullanım etkinliği (WP) 0.32-0.55 kg m-3, sulama suyu kullanım etkinliği (IWP) ise 0.33-0.59 kg m-3 arasında değiştiği ve çalışmanın her iki yılında da benzer sonuçların alındığı saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, en yüksek pamuk verimini ve kalitesini elde etmek için damla sulama ile 4 günlük sulama aralığında toplam sezonluk 1062 mm sulama suyunun uygulanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

damla sulama, verim, pamuk, Sulama suyu seviyesi, sulama aralığı, Harran Ovası

Destekleyen Kurum

Harran Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

20044

Teşekkür

Harran Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi'ne bu projeye desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

The effects of different irrigation levels and irrigation intervals on cotton cultivation: A study on yield, yield components, and fiber quality parameters

Öz

This study was conducted for investigating the impact of irrigation interval and deficit irrigation on seed cotton yield, fiber quality, and water productivity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the Şanlıurfa province of Türkiye during the years 2020 and 2021. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with split plots. The main plots included three irrigation intervals (D1: 4 day, D2: 8 day, and D3: 12 day), while the sub-plots consisted of three irrigation levels (I1: %150, I2: %120, and I3: %90) considered by Class A pan evaporation using the drip irrigation method. The study resulted in that the crop evapotranspiration varied from 693 to 1153 mm in 2020 and from 716 to 1126 mm in 2021, respectively. Irrigation interval and deficit irrigation had a statistically significant effect on seed cotton yield, seed cotton weight, and ginning outturn in both years of the study. The highest seed cotton yield, seed cotton weight, and lint yield were obtained from the treatment with a 4-day irrigation interval and irrigation water level at 150% (D1-I1), while the lowest values were obtained from the treatment with a 12-day irrigation interval and irrigation water level at 90% (D3-I3). However, irrigation interval and deficit irrigation did not have a statistically significant effect on 100-seed weight, fiber fineness, fiber length, and fiber strength in both years of the study. In the study, water use productivity (WP) ranged from 0.32 to 0.55 kg m-3, while irrigation water use productivity (IWP) ranged from 0.33 to 0.59 kg m-3, and similar results were obtained in both years of the research. According to the research findings, to achieve the highest cotton yield and quality, an irrigation interval of 4 days and a total seasonal irrigation water of 1062 mm are recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

drip irrigation, yield, cotton, Irrigation water level, irrigation interval, Harran Plain

Proje Numarası

20044

Kaynakça

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