FUNGUS VE FUNGAL MATERYALLERİN UZUN DÖNEM SAKLANMASI, KORUNMASI VE GERİ KAZANIMI ÜZERİNE VARILAN SON GELİŞME VE YÖNTEMLER

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 55 - 69, 21.02.2014

Murat Dikilitaş , Zekai Katırcıoğlu Handan Altınok

Öz

Genel olarak funguslar her yerde bulunurlar ve doğal veya suni olarak hazırlanmış bir dizi besin maddelerini kullanarak çok geniş bir çevrede büyürler. Bazı fungusların izole edilmesi ve
yetiştirilmesi çok kolay iken bazıları konukçuya özel olduğundan kültür ortamında büyümelerini engelleyen bir takım ilave maddelere ihtiyaç duyarlar. Günümüzde araştırıcıların ihtiyaç duydukları fungal materyallere hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde ulaşması, onlara hem zaman hem de izole etmek için harcanacak enerji kaybınının önlenmesini sağlayacaktır. Araştırıcılar, fungal materyallere her ne şekilde ulaşırlarsa ulaşsınlar, fungal materyallerin virulensliklerini hala muhafaza ediyor olmaları çok büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu bakımdan fungusların muhafaza edildikleri ortamlarda canlılıklarını kaybetmemeleri ve farklı karakterlere sahip olan ırklarının geri kazanımları sırasında dejenerasyon ve kontaminasyona uğramamaları çok önemlidir. Fungusları kültür ortamında muhafaza etmek için çok çeşitli metotlar vardır. Bu metotların hepsinin ortak yanı, fungusların izole edildikleri durumdaki tazeliklerinin korunmasını amaçlar. Ülkemizde kaliteli bir “fungus kültürleri bankası”nın oluşturulması eldeki kültürlerin sayısına, bu alanda harcanacak emeğe, zamana ve en önemlisi maddi imkanlara bağlıdır. Bu derlemede dünyanın önde gelen laboratuvarlarının kullandığı farklı metotlar ile geniş kullanım ve uygulama özelliğine sahip olan ve kısa sürede araştırıcılara güvenle fungal materyalleri sağlayan metotların değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fungus, fungal partiküller, fungusların saklanması, fungusların korunması, fungus kültürleri

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS AND METHODS ON LONG TERM STORAGE, PROTECTION, AND RECYCLE OF FUNGI AND FUNGAL MATERIAL

Öz

In general, fungi inhabit everywhere and grow in a wide variety of environments utilizing a diverse array of substrates both natural and artificial. Some are host specific thus they either require additional substances that prevent them being grown in culture media or they grow on media that are formulated from the natural materials from which they were isolated. Supplying rapidly and safely fungal materials required by researchers would enable them to gain time and prevent them from spending extra energy for fungal isolation. It is quite important to keep the virulence of fungal isolates under preservation for the researches who reach the fungal materilas in anyway. Under preservation, it is quite important to have viabile cultures as well as avoiding of strain deterioration and minimizing contamination within the fungal population during regeneration. There are several methods of maintaining fungi culture collections by which they aim to keep fungi as fresh as possible in which they were at the time of isolation. Establishing of a “fungi culture collection bank” in our country depends on the available culture collections, time and effort as well as financial support. In this review, several methods used by accredited laboratories around the globe and the commonly used and practised methods enabling rapid and safe distribution of fungal materials to the researches were evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fungus, fungus particules, fungus storage, fungus preservation, fungi cultures

Kaynakça

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