Biotic interactions of cultivated mushroom and green mold disease in compost and casing soil

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 13 - 22, 24.03.2021

Mehmet Aydoğdu İlker Kurbetli

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.795177

Öz

Presence of Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum (green mold disease) either in compost or casing soil causes significant yield losses in button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) cultivation. The aim of this study was to examine biotic interactions between A. bisporus and T. aggressivum f. aggressivum in compost and casing soil. In the study, strains (brown and white) of A. bisporus and isolates (Şem1/1 and K3) of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum were used. Experiments (compost and casing soil) were conducted according to completely randomized design in factorial with four replications. Yield values of each experiment were established by weighing sporophores (mushrooms) in each plot. Mean yield values of each treatment were compared with others. Presence of the T. aggressivum f. aggressivum isolates in compost and casing soil significantly (P˂0.01) inhibited mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of both strains of A. bisporus. In the presence of the T. aggressivum f. aggressivum isolates in casing soil, average yield loss of the strains of A. bisporus was 36.41%, while it was 29.35% in the presence of the T. aggressivum f. aggressivum isolates in compost. Average yield loss of the white strain of A. bisporus was 49.68%, whereas it was 16.08% in the brown strain. The study revealed that presence of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum in casing soil could be much more negative influence on yield of A. bisporus than that of compost and brown strain of A. bisporus could be more resistant to T. aggressivum f. aggressivum than white strain.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Compost, Casing soil, Green mold, Mushroom

Destekleyen Kurum

General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies

Proje Numarası

TAGEM/BSAD/16/7/02/03

Kültür mantarı ve yeşil küf hastalığının kompost ve örtü toprağındaki biyotik interaksiyonları

Öz

Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum (yeşil küf hastalığı)’ nın kompost ya da örtü toprağında bulunması kültür mantarı (Agaricus bisporus) yetiştiriciliğinde önemli verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, A. bisporus ve T. aggressivum f. aggressivum arasındaki biyotik interaksiyonların kompost ve örtü toprağında incelenmesidir. Çalışmada, A. bisporus’un ırkları (kahverengi ve beyaz) ve T. aggressivum f. aggressivum’ un izolatları (Şem1/1 ve K3) kullanılmıştır. Denemeler (kompost ve örtü toprağı) tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Her bir denemenin verim değerleri her parseldeki mantarların tartılmasıyla belirlenmiştir. Her muamelenin ortalama verim değerleri diğerleri ile kıyaslanmıştır. T. aggressivum f. aggressivum izolatlarının kompost ve örtü toprağında bulunması, A. bisporus’un her iki ırkının misel gelişmesi ve mantar oluşumlarını önemli ölçüde (P˂0.01) engellemiştir. T. aggressivum f. aggressivum izolatlarının örtü toprağında bulunması halinde, A. bisporus ırklarında ortalama verim kaybı % 36.41 olurken, T. aggressivum f. aggressivum izoltlarının kompostta bulunması halinde ise bu değer % 29.35 olmuştur. A. bisporus’un beyaz ırkında ortalama verim kaybı % 49.68 olurken, kahverengi ırkta ise verim kaybı % 16.08 olmuştur. Çalışma, T. aggressivum f. aggressivum‘un örtü toprağında bulunmasının, kompostta bulunmasına göre A. bisporus’un verimi üzerine çok daha fazla negatif etki oluşturabildiğini ve A. bisporus’un kahverengi ırkının beyaz ırka göre T. aggressivum f. aggressivum’a daha dayanıklı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kompost, Örtü toprağı, Yeşil küf, Mantar

Proje Numarası

TAGEM/BSAD/16/7/02/03

Kaynakça

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