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Investigation of the effect of non-uniform heat distribution of microwave on the mortality rates of some plants

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 293 - 303, 23.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.885282

Öz

Weeds, cause significant losses in agricultural production and are mostly controlled by herbicides, which are harmful to the environment. An alternative method that can be applied instead of these chemicals that pollute the soil and water is the microwave weed control method. But, one of the main problems with the microwave weed control method is the non-uniform heat distribution. This study aims to investigate the effect of non-uniform heat distribution on the mortality rate in the microwave weed control method by the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) technique. The NDVI technique has been used for the first time in this study to determine the mortality rate in microwave weed control. Mortality rates in one-week germinated Lepidium sativum (cress) and Hordeum vulgare (barley) grasses that were exposed to microwave energy for 10, 20, and 30 seconds were measured. It was determined that a higher rate of mortality occurred in the uniform heat distribution condition, compared to the non-uniform heat distribution (p <0.05). Mortality rates in both Hordeum vulgare (barley) and Lepidium sativum (cress) grasses increased as the microwave application time increased. The highest mortality rate occurred in Lepidium sativum (cress) grass (69.81%) and Hordeum vulgare (barley) grass (61.01%) with uniform heat distribution for 30 seconds. In the non-uniform heat distribution for 10 seconds, an increase was observed in Hordeum vulgare (barley) grass compared to the control group (7.01%). As a result, it can be said that weed control with microwave energy has the potential to be a good “environmentally friendly alternative method” to chemical weed control methods.

Kaynakça

  • Arjasakusuma, S., Yamaguchi, Y., Nakaji, T., Kosugi, Y., Shamsuddin, S. A., & Lion, M. (2018). Assessment of values and trends in coarse spatial resolution NDVI datasets in Southeast Asia landscapes. European Journal of Remote Sensing, 51(1), 863-877.
  • Arslan, Z. F. (2018). Şanlıurfa ili pamuk tarlalarında sulama sonrası yabancı otlar ile ilgili yaşanan değişimler, sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1), 109-125.
  • Bajwa, A. A., Mahajan, G., & Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Nonconventional Weed Management Strategies For Modern Agriculture. Weed Science, 63(4), 723-747.
  • Brodie, G., Hamilton, S. and Woodworth, J. (2007). “An Assessment of Microwave Soil Pasteurization For Killing Seeds And Weeds,” Plant Protection Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 4, Pp. 143–149, 2007.
  • Cengiz, M. F., Basancelebi, O., & Kitis, Y. E. (2017). Glyphosate residues in drinking waters and adverse health effects. The Turkish Journal of Occupational/Environmental Medicine and Safety, 2(1 (3)), 247-258.
  • Çelik, M., & Sönmez, M. (2013a). Kızıltepe İlçesinin Tarımsal Yapısındaki Değişimlerin Modis NDVI Verileri Kullanılarak İzlenmesi ve İncelenmesi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (27), 262-281.
  • Cretescu, I., Căpriță, R., Velicevici, G., Ropciuc, S., & Buzamat, G. (2013). The response of Hordeum vulgare (barley) Seedlings to Microwaves at 2.45 GHz. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46(1), 185-191.
  • De Wilde, M., Buisson, E., Yavercovski, N., Willm, L., Bieder, L., & Mesléard, F. (2017). Using microwave soil heating to inhibit invasive species seed germination. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 10(3), 262-270.
  • Erdal, A. Üremiş, İ. (2020). Şanlıurfa ili buğday ekim alanlarında bulunan yabancı ot türlerinin, yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(1), 33-43.
  • Guvel, S. P., & Yurtal, R. (2020).Investigation of sedimentation effects on the Seyhan Dam reservoir. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 1015-1025.
  • Janaki, P., Sharma, N., Chinnusamy, C., Sakthivel, N., & Nithya, C. (2015). Herbicide residues and their management strategies. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 47(3), 329-344.
  • Kafarski, Marcin, et al. (2018). Evaluation of apple maturity with two types of dielectric probes. Sensors. 18.1: 121.
  • Khalafallah, A. A., & Sallam, S. M. (2009). Response Of Maize Seedlings To Microwaves At 945 Mhz. Romanian J. Biophys, 19(1), 49-62.
  • Khan, M. J., Brodie, G., & Gupta, D. (2016). Effect of Microwave (2.45 GHz) Treatment of Soil on Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.). Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 50(3), 191-200.
  • Khare, S., Latifi, H., & Ghosh, S. K. (2018). A multi-scale assessment of invasive plant species diversity using Pléiades 1A, RapidEye and Landsat-8 data. Geocarto International, 33(7), 681-698.
  • Koutika, L. S., & Rainey, H. J. (2010). Chromolaena odorata in different ecosystems: weed or fallow plant? Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 8(2), 131-142.
  • Kuru, A., & Tezer, A. (2020). İçme suyu havzası koruma sınırlarının belirlenmesine yeni yöntem önerisi: Kırklareli barajı içme suyu havzası örneği. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 35(1).
  • Miler, N., & Kulus, D. (2018). Microwave Treatment Can Induce Chrysanthemum Phenotypic And Genetic Changes. Scientia Horticulturae, 227, 223-233.
  • Mladinic M, Zeljezic D, Shaposhnikov SA, Collins AR. (2012). The use of FISH-comet to detect c-Myc and TP 53 damage in extended-term lymphocyte cultures treated with terbuthylazine and carbofuran. Toxicology Letters, v. 211, p. 62-69.
  • Muratoglu, A. (2020). Assessment of the water footprint of production: A case study for Diyarbakir province. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 845-858.
  • Nagler, P. L., Sridhar, B. M., Olsson, A. D., van Leeuwen, W. J., & Glenn, E. P. (2016). Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Tools for Quantifying Plant Litter and Invasive Species in Arid Ecosystems. In Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation (pp. 396-429). CRC Press.
  • Nelson, S. O. (2018). Rf Electrical Seed Treatment To Improve Germination. In 2018 Asabe Annual International Meeting (P. 1). American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
  • Ngowi, A. V. F., Mbise, T. J., Ijani, A. S. M., London, L., & Ajayi, O. C. (2007). Smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania: Pesticides use practices, perceptions, cost and health effects. Crop protection, 26(11), 1617-1624.
  • Pantazi, X. E., Moshou, D., & Bravo, C. (2016). Active learning system for weed species recognition based on hyperspectral sensing. Biosystems Engineering, 146, 193-202.
  • Qasem, J. R. (2011). Herbicides applications: problems and considerations. INTECH Open Access Publisher.
  • Rana, A., & Derr, J. F. (2017). Determining The Microwave Radiations Exposure Level Needed For Weed Control Using A Stationary and Running Belt Microwave Radiations Applicator System. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 35(2), 58-65.
  • Rana, A., & Derr, J. F. (2018). Responses of Ten Weed Species to Microwave Radiation Exposure as Affected by Plant Size. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 36(1), 14-20.
  • Rüegg, W. T., Quadranti, M., & Zoschke, A. (2007). Herbicide research and development: challenges and opportunities. Weed Research, 47(4), 271-275.
  • Sahin, H. (2012). Tarımsal Üretimde Yabancı Ot Mücadelesinde Mikrodalga Yönteminin Uygulanabilirliğinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Doktora Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Sahin, H. (2019). 2.45 GHz mikrodalga frekansının yabancı ot mücadele yöntemi olarak kullanılması. Harran Üniversitesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 4 (3), 58-71.
  • Sahin, H. (2020). Investigating the effect of single and multiple electrodes on mortality ratio in electric current weed control method with NDVI technique. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(4), 1973-1984.
  • Sahin, H., & Yalınkılıc, M. (2017). Using Electric Current As A Weed Control Method. European Journal Of Engineering Research And Science, 2(6), 59-64.
  • Sahin, H., (2014). Effects of Microwaves on Germination of Weed Seeds. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 39(4), 304-309.
  • Sahin, H., and Saglam, R. (2015). Research about microwave effects on the weed plants. J Agr Biol Sci, 10, 79-84.
  • Salisbury, F. B. and Ross, C. W. (1992). Plant Physiology, Wadsworth, Belmont, California, USA, 4th edition.
  • Schinasi, L. H., Quick, H., Clougherty, J. E., & De Roos, A. J. (2019). Greenspace and Infant Mortality in Philadelphia, PA. Journal of Urban Health, 96(3), 497-506.
  • Skiles, J. W. (2006). Plant Response To Microwaves At 2.45 GHz. Acta Astronautica, 58(5), 258-263.
  • Shaner, D. L., & Beckie, H. J. (2014). The future for weed control and technology. Pest management science, 70(9), 1329-1339.
  • Solomon, K. R., Dalhoff, K., Volz, D., & Van Der Kraak, G. (2013). Effects of herbicides on fish. In Fish physiology (Vol. 33, pp. 369-409). academic press.
  • Spruce, J. P., Hicke, J. A., Hargrove, W. W., Grulke, N. E., & Meddens, A. J. (2019). Use of MODIS NDVI Products to Map Tree Mortality Levels in Forests Affected by Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks. Forests, 10(9), 811.
  • Taheri, S., Brodie, G., Jacob, M. V., & Antunes, E. (2018). Dielectric Properties of Chickpea, Red and Green Lentil in The Microwave Frequency Range as a Function of Temperature and Moisture Content. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 1-17.
  • Van Emmerik, Tim, et al. (2016). Dielectric response of corn leaves to water stress. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 14.1: 8-12.
  • Velazquez-Martí, B., Gracia-López, C., & De La Puerta, R. (2008). Work Conditions For Microwave Applicators Designed To Eliminate Undesired Vegetation İn A Field. Biosystems Engineering, 100(1), 31-37.
  • Villeneuve, P. J. (2017). Urban greenness and mortality in Canada's largest cities: a national cohort study. The Lancet Planetary Health, 1(7), e289-e297.
  • Zimdahl, R. L. (2018). Fundamentals of weed science. Academic press.

Mikrodalganın düzgün olmayan ısı dağılımının bazı bitkilerin ölüm oranlarına etkisinin araştırılması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 293 - 303, 23.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.885282

Öz

Tarımsal üretimde önemli kayıplara neden olan yabancı otlar, çoğunlukla herbisit adı verilen çevreye zararlı olduğu bilinen kimyasallarla kontrol edilir. Toprağı ve suyu kirleten bu kimyasalların yerine uygulanabilecek alternatif yöntemlerden birisi de mikrodalga ile yabancı ot kontrolü yöntemidir. Ancak, mikrodalga ile yabancı ot kontrolü yöntemiyle ilgili temel sorunlardan birisi, düzgün olmayan ısı dağılımıdır. Bu çalışmada, mikrodalga ile yabancı ot kontrolünde, düzgün olmayan ısı dağılımının mortalite oranına etkisini NDVI tekniği ile araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. NDVI tekniği, mikrodalga ile yabancı ot kontrolünde mortalite oranı tespiti amacıyla ilk defa bu çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Mikrodalga enerjiye, 10, 20 ve 30 saniye süreyle maruz bırakılan bir haftalık çimlendirilmiş Lepidium sativum (tere) ve Hordeum vulgare (arpa) bitkilerinin mortalite oranları ölçülmüştür. Düzgün ısı dağılımı koşulunda, düzgün olmayan ısı dağılımına göre daha yüksek oranda mortalitenin meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir (p <0.05). Mikrodalga uygulama süresi arttıkça hem Hordeum vulgare (arpa), hem de Lepidium sativum (tere) bitkisinde mortalite oranları da artmıştır. En yüksek mortalite, 30 saniye boyunca düzgün ısı dağılımı uygulamasında, % 69.81 ile Lepidium sativumda (tere) ve % 61.01 ile Hordeum vulgarede (arpa) meydana gelmiştir. 10 saniye süreli düzgün olmayan ısı dağılımı uygulamasında, Hordeum vulgare (arpa) bitkisi çimlenme oranı kontrol grubuna göre % 7.01 artış gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, mikrodalga enerji ile yabancı ot kontrolünün, kimyasal yabancı ot kontrol yöntemlerine iyi bir “çevre dostu alternatif yöntem” olma potansiyeline sahip olduğu söylenebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Arjasakusuma, S., Yamaguchi, Y., Nakaji, T., Kosugi, Y., Shamsuddin, S. A., & Lion, M. (2018). Assessment of values and trends in coarse spatial resolution NDVI datasets in Southeast Asia landscapes. European Journal of Remote Sensing, 51(1), 863-877.
  • Arslan, Z. F. (2018). Şanlıurfa ili pamuk tarlalarında sulama sonrası yabancı otlar ile ilgili yaşanan değişimler, sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(1), 109-125.
  • Bajwa, A. A., Mahajan, G., & Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Nonconventional Weed Management Strategies For Modern Agriculture. Weed Science, 63(4), 723-747.
  • Brodie, G., Hamilton, S. and Woodworth, J. (2007). “An Assessment of Microwave Soil Pasteurization For Killing Seeds And Weeds,” Plant Protection Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 4, Pp. 143–149, 2007.
  • Cengiz, M. F., Basancelebi, O., & Kitis, Y. E. (2017). Glyphosate residues in drinking waters and adverse health effects. The Turkish Journal of Occupational/Environmental Medicine and Safety, 2(1 (3)), 247-258.
  • Çelik, M., & Sönmez, M. (2013a). Kızıltepe İlçesinin Tarımsal Yapısındaki Değişimlerin Modis NDVI Verileri Kullanılarak İzlenmesi ve İncelenmesi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (27), 262-281.
  • Cretescu, I., Căpriță, R., Velicevici, G., Ropciuc, S., & Buzamat, G. (2013). The response of Hordeum vulgare (barley) Seedlings to Microwaves at 2.45 GHz. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 46(1), 185-191.
  • De Wilde, M., Buisson, E., Yavercovski, N., Willm, L., Bieder, L., & Mesléard, F. (2017). Using microwave soil heating to inhibit invasive species seed germination. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 10(3), 262-270.
  • Erdal, A. Üremiş, İ. (2020). Şanlıurfa ili buğday ekim alanlarında bulunan yabancı ot türlerinin, yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(1), 33-43.
  • Guvel, S. P., & Yurtal, R. (2020).Investigation of sedimentation effects on the Seyhan Dam reservoir. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 1015-1025.
  • Janaki, P., Sharma, N., Chinnusamy, C., Sakthivel, N., & Nithya, C. (2015). Herbicide residues and their management strategies. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 47(3), 329-344.
  • Kafarski, Marcin, et al. (2018). Evaluation of apple maturity with two types of dielectric probes. Sensors. 18.1: 121.
  • Khalafallah, A. A., & Sallam, S. M. (2009). Response Of Maize Seedlings To Microwaves At 945 Mhz. Romanian J. Biophys, 19(1), 49-62.
  • Khan, M. J., Brodie, G., & Gupta, D. (2016). Effect of Microwave (2.45 GHz) Treatment of Soil on Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.). Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 50(3), 191-200.
  • Khare, S., Latifi, H., & Ghosh, S. K. (2018). A multi-scale assessment of invasive plant species diversity using Pléiades 1A, RapidEye and Landsat-8 data. Geocarto International, 33(7), 681-698.
  • Koutika, L. S., & Rainey, H. J. (2010). Chromolaena odorata in different ecosystems: weed or fallow plant? Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 8(2), 131-142.
  • Kuru, A., & Tezer, A. (2020). İçme suyu havzası koruma sınırlarının belirlenmesine yeni yöntem önerisi: Kırklareli barajı içme suyu havzası örneği. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 35(1).
  • Miler, N., & Kulus, D. (2018). Microwave Treatment Can Induce Chrysanthemum Phenotypic And Genetic Changes. Scientia Horticulturae, 227, 223-233.
  • Mladinic M, Zeljezic D, Shaposhnikov SA, Collins AR. (2012). The use of FISH-comet to detect c-Myc and TP 53 damage in extended-term lymphocyte cultures treated with terbuthylazine and carbofuran. Toxicology Letters, v. 211, p. 62-69.
  • Muratoglu, A. (2020). Assessment of the water footprint of production: A case study for Diyarbakir province. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 845-858.
  • Nagler, P. L., Sridhar, B. M., Olsson, A. D., van Leeuwen, W. J., & Glenn, E. P. (2016). Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Tools for Quantifying Plant Litter and Invasive Species in Arid Ecosystems. In Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation (pp. 396-429). CRC Press.
  • Nelson, S. O. (2018). Rf Electrical Seed Treatment To Improve Germination. In 2018 Asabe Annual International Meeting (P. 1). American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
  • Ngowi, A. V. F., Mbise, T. J., Ijani, A. S. M., London, L., & Ajayi, O. C. (2007). Smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania: Pesticides use practices, perceptions, cost and health effects. Crop protection, 26(11), 1617-1624.
  • Pantazi, X. E., Moshou, D., & Bravo, C. (2016). Active learning system for weed species recognition based on hyperspectral sensing. Biosystems Engineering, 146, 193-202.
  • Qasem, J. R. (2011). Herbicides applications: problems and considerations. INTECH Open Access Publisher.
  • Rana, A., & Derr, J. F. (2017). Determining The Microwave Radiations Exposure Level Needed For Weed Control Using A Stationary and Running Belt Microwave Radiations Applicator System. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 35(2), 58-65.
  • Rana, A., & Derr, J. F. (2018). Responses of Ten Weed Species to Microwave Radiation Exposure as Affected by Plant Size. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 36(1), 14-20.
  • Rüegg, W. T., Quadranti, M., & Zoschke, A. (2007). Herbicide research and development: challenges and opportunities. Weed Research, 47(4), 271-275.
  • Sahin, H. (2012). Tarımsal Üretimde Yabancı Ot Mücadelesinde Mikrodalga Yönteminin Uygulanabilirliğinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Doktora Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Sahin, H. (2019). 2.45 GHz mikrodalga frekansının yabancı ot mücadele yöntemi olarak kullanılması. Harran Üniversitesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 4 (3), 58-71.
  • Sahin, H. (2020). Investigating the effect of single and multiple electrodes on mortality ratio in electric current weed control method with NDVI technique. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(4), 1973-1984.
  • Sahin, H., & Yalınkılıc, M. (2017). Using Electric Current As A Weed Control Method. European Journal Of Engineering Research And Science, 2(6), 59-64.
  • Sahin, H., (2014). Effects of Microwaves on Germination of Weed Seeds. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 39(4), 304-309.
  • Sahin, H., and Saglam, R. (2015). Research about microwave effects on the weed plants. J Agr Biol Sci, 10, 79-84.
  • Salisbury, F. B. and Ross, C. W. (1992). Plant Physiology, Wadsworth, Belmont, California, USA, 4th edition.
  • Schinasi, L. H., Quick, H., Clougherty, J. E., & De Roos, A. J. (2019). Greenspace and Infant Mortality in Philadelphia, PA. Journal of Urban Health, 96(3), 497-506.
  • Skiles, J. W. (2006). Plant Response To Microwaves At 2.45 GHz. Acta Astronautica, 58(5), 258-263.
  • Shaner, D. L., & Beckie, H. J. (2014). The future for weed control and technology. Pest management science, 70(9), 1329-1339.
  • Solomon, K. R., Dalhoff, K., Volz, D., & Van Der Kraak, G. (2013). Effects of herbicides on fish. In Fish physiology (Vol. 33, pp. 369-409). academic press.
  • Spruce, J. P., Hicke, J. A., Hargrove, W. W., Grulke, N. E., & Meddens, A. J. (2019). Use of MODIS NDVI Products to Map Tree Mortality Levels in Forests Affected by Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks. Forests, 10(9), 811.
  • Taheri, S., Brodie, G., Jacob, M. V., & Antunes, E. (2018). Dielectric Properties of Chickpea, Red and Green Lentil in The Microwave Frequency Range as a Function of Temperature and Moisture Content. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 1-17.
  • Van Emmerik, Tim, et al. (2016). Dielectric response of corn leaves to water stress. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 14.1: 8-12.
  • Velazquez-Martí, B., Gracia-López, C., & De La Puerta, R. (2008). Work Conditions For Microwave Applicators Designed To Eliminate Undesired Vegetation İn A Field. Biosystems Engineering, 100(1), 31-37.
  • Villeneuve, P. J. (2017). Urban greenness and mortality in Canada's largest cities: a national cohort study. The Lancet Planetary Health, 1(7), e289-e297.
  • Zimdahl, R. L. (2018). Fundamentals of weed science. Academic press.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hasan Şahin 0000-0002-3977-4252

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Şubat 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, H. (2021). Investigation of the effect of non-uniform heat distribution of microwave on the mortality rates of some plants. Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 293-303. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.885282

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