Tam Yağlı Süte Katran Ardıcı Sıvı Ekstraktının Holstein Buzağılarda Oksidatif Stres, Bağışıklık Tepkisi, Bağırsak Florası ve Böbrek Sağlığı Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Buzağılar, emme dönemi boyunca sindirim ve solunum sistemi hastalıklarına sıkça maruz kalarak gelişim sorunları, ölümlre ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tam yağlı süte ilave edilen katran ardıcı sıvı ekstraktının (JLE) emme dönemindeki Holstein buzağıların sağlığı ve büyüme performansı üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Yeni doğan 16 Holstein buzağı rastgele dört deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır (n=4/grup): Kontrol (G1): Tam yağlı süt (TYS)+Buzağı başlangıç yemi (BBY); G2: %1.25 JLE+TYS+BBY; G3: %2.5 JLE+TYS+BBY; G4: %5 JLE+TYS+CS. Buzağılar sindirim ve solunum sistemi hastalıkları, bağırsak mikrobiyotası, böbrek sağlığı, oksidatif stres ve bağışıklık sistemi parametreleri açısından takip edilmiştir. Bulgular: JLE takviyesi, sindirim ve solunum hastalıklarının görülme sıklığını önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır (P<0.05). Sütten kesim döneminde bağırsaktaki patojenik bakteri gelişimi baskılanırken laktik asit bakterielriniin gelişimini ise etkilememiştir. Böbrek fonksiyonları üzerine olumsuz etkisi gözlemlenmmeiştir. Oksidatif stres seviyeleri azalırken, antioksidan savunma enzim aktivitesinde önemli olmayan bir artış gözlemlenmiştir. IgA, IgG ve IgM seviyeleri önemli ölçüde artış göstetmiştir. En iyi sonuçlar %1.25 JLE grubunda elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bir yan ürün olan JLE, buzağı beslenmesinde güvenle kullanılabilir. Hastalık görülme sıklığını azaltarak, bağırsak florasını düzenleyerek ve bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirerek sağlığı iyileştirmektedir. En etkili sonuçlar %1.25 JLE takviyesinde gözlemlenmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Holstein buzağı, ardıç, sıvı ekstrakt, oksidatif stres, bağışıklık sistemi, bağırsak florası

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Holstein buzağı
• ardıç
• sıvı ekstrakt
• oksidatif stres
• bağışıklık sistemi
• bağırsak florası

Juniper Tar Liquid Extract in Whole Milk: Effect on Oxidative Stress, Immune Response, Gut Flora and Renal Health in Holstein Calves

Öz

Objective: Calves frequently suffer from digestive and respiratory diseases during the suckling period, leading to developmental issues, mortality, and economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Juniper liquid extract (JLE) supplementation in whole milk on the health and growth performance of suckling Holstein calves. Material and Methods: Sixteen newborn Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups (n=4 per group): Control (G1): Whole milk (WM)+ Calf starter (CS); G2: 1.25% JLE+WM+CS; G3: 2.5%JLE+WM+CS; G4: 5% JLE+WM+CS. Calves were monitored for digestive and respiratory diseases, gut microbiota, renal health, oxidative stress and immune response parameters. Results: Juniper tar liquid extract supplementation significantly reduced digestive and respiratory disease incidence. It suppressed the growth of gut pathogenic bacteria at weaning without affecting lactic acid bacteria. No adverse effects were observed on renal functions. JLE decreased oxidative stress levels, while antioxidant defence enzyme activity showed a non-significant increase. Immunoglobulin A, G, and M levels significantly increased, with the best results observed in the 1.25% JLE group. Conclusion: JLE, a by-product, can be safely used in calf nutrition to improve health by reducing disease incidence, modulating gut flora, and enhancing immune response. The 1.25% JLE supplementation provided the most effective results. Keywords: Holstein calves, juniper, liquid extract, oxidative stress, immune response, gut flora

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Holstein calves
• juniper
• liquid extract
• oxidative stress
• immune response
• gut flora

Kaynakça

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