Determination of Protein Content and Amino Acid Composition of Extracts Obtained by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Using Different Solvents from Selected Bee Pollens Collected in Bingöl Cente
Öz
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the protein extraction efficiency and amino acid composition of bee pollen collected from different botanical sources using water-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) with various solvents.
Material and Methods: Bee pollen samples were collected from five different apiaries in the central district of Bingöl, Türkiye. Palynological analysis was conducted to identify botanical origins, followed by UAE using distilled water (dH₂O), ethanol (EtOH), and methanol (MeOH) at different concentrations. Extraction efficiency and protein content were determined, and the amino acid profile was analyzed in the sample with the highest protein content.
Results: Palynological analysis showed diverse floral sources across the samples. The highest extraction yield (75.7%) was obtained from the BP-1 sample using 25% EtOH, while the highest protein content (9.80%) was observed in BP-3 with dH₂O. BP-3, primarily derived from Fabaceae, Poaceae, and Polygonaceae, was rich in proline, asparagine, and glycine.
Conclusion: The botanical origin of bee pollen significantly affects its chemical composition. Solvent type and concentration critically influence extraction efficiency and protein yield. UAE with dH₂O offers a practical method for obtaining plant-based protein from bee pollen, contributing to its valorization as a functional food source.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bee Pollen, Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE), Protein Content, Amino Acid Composition
Destekleyen Kurum
Bingöl University
Proje Numarası
BAP-SHMYO.2023.002
Etik Beyan
We hereby declare that all processes involved in this study comply with research and publication ethics, as well as ethical standards and principles of scientific citation.
Teşekkür
This article originates from the doctoral dissertation project of Abdurrahman Şimşek and was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Bingöl University under the project number BAP-SHMYO.2023.002. Thanks to Council of Higher Education (YOK) for providing financial support to Abdurrahman Şimşek (YOK 100/2000 Scholarship). Dr. Veysel Süzerer served as the supervisor of Abdurrahman Şimşek, while Dr. Devrim Oskay acted as the co-supervisor.
Kaynakça
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