Küçükbas Hayvan Yetistiriciliğinde Kurt Saldırılarına Karsı Çoban Köpeklerinin Koruyucu Etkinliginin Degerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; küçükbaş hayvancılıkta yabani hayvanlardan dolayı doğan kayıpları en aza indirmek için çoban köpeklerinin etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Materyal ve metod: 14 sorudan oluşan gözlem ve değerlendirme anketi uygulanarak kurt saldırılarının sayısı, öldürülen hayvan sayısı ve zararın boyutu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre koyun yetiştiricilerinin %40’ı, keçi yetiştiricilerinin ise %45,5’i yırtıcılar nedeniyle zarar gördüğünü ifade etmiştir. Bu yetiştiricilerde, yabani-yırtıcı zararlılar nedeniyle son iki yılda çalışma yapılan Burdur, Isparta ve Antalya illerinde kaybedilen hayvan sayısı toplamı 3629 baş koyun, 3297 baş keçidir. Bu zararın 2023 yılı içerisinde parasal karşılığı, zarar gören koyun yetiştiricileri için yaklaşık €1 197 570, keçi yetiştiricileri için ise 1 088 010€’dir. Her üç ilde de son iki yılda kurt saldırılarının neredeyse iki katına çıktığı görülmektedir. Sürülerde hangi köpek ırkının kullanıldığı illere göre bağımlı olup, istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Köpeklerin nereden temin edildiğine dair illere göre oluşturulan iki yönlü tabloda khi kare test istatistiği 16.509 olup istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç: Yetiştiricilerle yapılan görüşmelere göre, son yıllarda kurt saldırısı sayısı artmış ve hayvan kayıplarına bağlı olarak ekonomik kayıplar ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Koyun
• Keçi
• Çoban Köpeği
• Kurt

Evaluation of the Protective Effectiveness of Shepherd Dogs Against Wolf Attacks in Small Ruminant Breeding

Öz

Objective: The effectiveness of shepherd dogs has been investigated to minimize the damages caused by predators in small- scale livestock farming. Material and Methods: The number of wolf attacks, animals killed and the extent of damage were determined through a 14 questions observation-based survey. Results: According to the findings, 40% of sheep breeders and 45.5% of goat breeders stated loss of damage due to predators. In the study conducted in the last two years due to wild-predatory pests in these breeders, the total number of animals kept in Burdur, Isparta and Antalya provinces was 3 629 sheep and 3 297 head of goats. The monetary equivalent for this damage in 2023 was approximately €1 197 570 for the offected sheep breeders and €1 088 010 for the goat breeders. It appears that wolf attacks occurred almost twice in the last two years across all three provinces. It depends on the province which The dog breed operates in the herds varies by province and difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the information on where the dogs were obtained, the two-way table chi square test statistic was 16.51 and statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to interviews with breeders, the number of wolf attacks has increased in recent years,, leading to significant economic losses from livestock loss.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sheep
• Goat
• Shepperd Dog
• Wolf

Kaynakça

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