An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition

Gizem Sönmez Oskay; Devrim Oskay

doi:10.29185/hayuretim.1937857

EN TR

An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition

Öz

Honey bee nutrition is crucial for the health, production, and longevity of their colonies. Honey bees obtain the vast majority of their carbohydrates from nectar. Pollen is a major source of macro and micronutrients, such as proteins, lipids, sterols, vitamins, and minerals. These nutrients are essential for brood development, hypopharyngeal gland function, enzyme synthesis, and reproductive efficiency. Nutritional stress can arise as a result of seasonal food scarcity, habitat loss, intensive agricultural practices, and the effects of climate change. To mitigate these stressors, researchers rigorously examine the formulation and evaluation of supplemental feeds and alternative sources, highlighting their nutritional composition, functional properties, and health benefits. This review comprehensively presents current scientific research on the nutritional requirements of honeybee colonies and the application of alternative feeds, considering evidence-based colony management strategies and ecologically advantageous beekeeping practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apis mellifera L., nutritional ecology, nutritional requirements, feed substitutes

Bal Arısı Beslenmesinde Alternatif Yem Kaynaklarına Genel Bakış

Öz

Bal arılarının beslenmesi, kolonilerinin sağlığı, üretimi ve uzun ömürlülüğü için çok önemlidir. Bal arıları karbonhidratlarının büyük çoğunluğunu nektardan elde eder. Polen, proteinler, lipitler, steroller, vitaminler ve mineraller gibi makro ve mikro besin maddelerinin önemli bir kaynağıdır. Bu besin maddeleri, yavru gelişimi, hipofaringeal bez fonksiyonu, enzim sentezi ve üreme verimliliği için gereklidir. Beslenme stresi, mevsimsel yiyecek kıtlığı, habitat kaybı, yoğun tarım uygulamaları ve iklim değişikliğinin etkileri sonucu ortaya çıkabilir. Bu stres faktörlerini azaltmak için araştırmacılar, besin bileşimlerini, fonksiyonel özelliklerini ve sağlık yararlarını vurgulayarak, ek yemlerin ve alternatif kaynakların formülasyonunu ve değerlendirmesini titizlikle incelerler. Bu derleme, kanıta dayalı koloni yönetim stratejilerini ve ekolojik açıdan avantajlı arıcılık uygulamalarını dikkate alarak, bal arısı kolonilerinin beslenme gereksinimleri ve alternatif yemlerin uygulanması üzerine güncel bilimsel araştırmaları kapsamlı bir şekilde sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apis mellifera L., beslenme ekolojisi, beslenme gereksinimleri, yem ikameleri

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı, Hayvan Besleme

Bölüm

Derleme

Yazarlar

Gizem Sönmez Oskay ^*
0000-0003-4724-9340
Türkiye

Devrim Oskay
0000-0002-3410-2780
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

3 Temmuz 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

26 Nisan 2026

Kabul Tarihi

2 Temmuz 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 67 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1937857

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA76EM23ZR

APA

Sönmez Oskay, G., & Oskay, D. (2026). An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production, 67(1), 39-49. https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1937857

AMA

1.Sönmez Oskay G, Oskay D. An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production. 2026;67(1):39-49. doi:10.29185/hayuretim.1937857

Chicago

Sönmez Oskay, Gizem, ve Devrim Oskay. 2026. “An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition”. Journal of Animal Production 67 (1): 39-49. https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1937857.

EndNote

Sönmez Oskay G, Oskay D (01 Temmuz 2026) An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production 67 1 39–49.

IEEE

[1]G. Sönmez Oskay ve D. Oskay, “An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition”, Journal of Animal Production, c. 67, sy 1, ss. 39–49, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.29185/hayuretim.1937857.

ISNAD

Sönmez Oskay, Gizem - Oskay, Devrim. “An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition”. Journal of Animal Production 67/1 (01 Temmuz 2026): 39-49. https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1937857.

JAMA

1.Sönmez Oskay G, Oskay D. An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production. 2026;67:39–49.

MLA

Sönmez Oskay, Gizem, ve Devrim Oskay. “An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition”. Journal of Animal Production, c. 67, sy 1, Temmuz 2026, ss. 39-49, doi:10.29185/hayuretim.1937857.

Vancouver

1.Gizem Sönmez Oskay, Devrim Oskay. An Overview of Alternative Feed Sources in Honey Bee Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production. 01 Temmuz 2026;67(1):39-4. doi:10.29185/hayuretim.1937857

26405

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