Arı Sütünün İnsan ve Hayvan Sağlığında Fonksiyonel Gıda Olarak Kullanımı

Yıl 2019, , 131 - 144, 30.12.2019

Mirela Strant Banu Yücel , Erkan Topal , Ana Maria Puscasu Rodica Margaoan Alina Varadi

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.513449

Cited By: 8

Öz

Arı ürünleri içerdiği besin maddeleri ile sağlık koruyucu ve destekleyici olarak
kullanılmaktadır. Arı sütü; kovanın zengin besin içeriğine sahip, sağlık koruyucu ve
güçlendirici ürünüdür ve diğer arı ürünleriyle karşılaştırıldığında önemli bir
potansiyele ve etkinliğe sahiptir. Arı sütü fonksiyonel özellikleri nedeniyle, pek çok
hastalıkta başarıyla iyileştirici özelliktedir. Günümüzde beslenmemizde taze arı
sütünün kullanımı, vücudumuzun sağlıklı kalmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu derlemede, arı sütünün hayvan deneylerinde ve insan sağlığında klinik
çalışmalarda sağlık üzerine etkileri anlatılmıştır. İnsan sağlığında arı sütünün kullanımı
ile ilgili doz önerileri özellikle apiterapist tıp hekimleri tarafından klinik gözlemlere ve
kişisel deneyimlere dayalı olarak yapılmıştır. Günlük beslenmemizde arı sütü
tüketiminin olumlu etkilerine de değinilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arı sütü, apiterapi, api-beslenme, fonksiyonel gıda

Use of Royal Jelly as Functional Food on Human and Animal Health

Öz

Bee products are used as supplements to provide nutrients in prevent or treatment
of some health problems. Royal jelly has a rich nutrient contents in bee hive which
protects and strengthens the health; compared to other bee products, it has a
significant potential and effect. Because of its functional properties, royal jelly is very
effective in accelerating the healing process in many diseases. The use of fresh royal
jelly in our diets nowadays will help us to be healthy.
This review explains the effects of royal jelly on health, animal trials, and clinical
studies for human health. Healthy doses are recommended by apitherapist medical
doctors based on clinical observation and personal experience on the doses of use of
royal jelly on human health. The review also mentions the positive effects of royal
jelly consumption in our daily diet

Anahtar Kelimeler

Royal jelly, apitherapy, apinutrition, functional food

Kaynakça

• Abdelhafiz A T, Abdelmonaem J, Abdlerahman M, Omar A, Aly D. 2011. FV44 Egyptian bee honey and royal jelly as prophylaxis against premature tearing of the fetal membranes: An invitro testing model (Note). Zeitschrift fur Wundheilung Volume 16, Issue SUP_B, June 2011, Page 91.Abdullaha M S, Abdullahb N. 2016. Skın Test Reactivity To Bee Hıve Products (Honey Bees, Honey, Royal Jelly And Pollen). Jurnal Teknologi, 78(5-10), 16-22.Ahmadnia H, Sharifi N, Alizadeh S, Roohani Z, Kamalati A, Marjan S S. 2015. Wonderful Effects of Royal Jelly on Treatment of Male-Factor Related Infertility. Austin J Reprod Med Infertil. 2(6): 1031.Al-Eisa R A, Al-Nahari H A. 2017. The attenuating effect of Royal Jelly on Hormonal Parameters in Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) Intoxicated Rats. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 6(2):70-85.Al-Sanafi A E, Mohssin S A, Abdulla S M .2007. Effect of royal jelly on male infertility. Thi-Qar Medical Journal, 1, 1-12.Arzi A, Houshmand G, Goudarzi M, Khadem Haghighian H, Rashidi Nooshabadi M R. 2015. Comparison of the analgesic effects of royal jelly with morphine and aspirin in rats using the formalin. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 17(2), 50-56.Aslan Z, Aksoy L. 2015. Anti-inflammatory effects of royal jelly on ethylene glycol induced renal inflammation in rats. International braz j urol, 41(5), 1008-1013.Babaei S, Rahimi S, Torshizi M A K, Tahmasebi G, Miran S N K. 2016. Effects of propolis, royal jelly, honey and bee pollen on growth performance and immune system of Japanese quails. Veterinary Research Forum. 7 (1):13 – 20.Balkanska R, Liviu A M, Crengula I P, Maya I, Lavinia I T. 2013. Comparison of physicochemical parameters in Royal jelly from Romania and Bulgaria. Bulletin UASVM Cluj-Napoca Anim Sci Biotechnol, 70, 117-21.Bărnuţiu L I, Mărghitaş L A, Dezmirean D S, Mihai C M, Bobiş O. 2011. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Royal Jelly-REVIEW. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 44(2), 67-72.Bărnutiu L I, Mărghitaş L A, Dezmirean D, Bobiş O, Bonta V, Pavel C. 2012. Preliminary Study on Chemical Composition of Fresh Royal Jelly from Transylvania. Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 69, 1-2.Bílikova K, Huang S C, Lin I P, Simuth J, Peng, C C 2015. Structure and antimicrobial activity relationship of royalisin, an antimicrobial peptide from royal jelly of Apis mellifera. Peptides 68 (2015): 190-196.Bogdanov S. 2015. Royal Jelly, Bee Brood: Composition, Health, Medicine: A Review. Bee Product Science, 35pp.Calzavara‐Pinton P, Zane C, Facchinetti E, Capezzera R, Pedretti A. 2010. Topical Boswellic acids for treatment of photoaged skin. Dermatologic therapy, 23(s1).Chen Y F, Wang K, Zhang Y Z, Zheng Y F, Hu F L. 2016. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Three Fatty Acids from Royal Jelly. Mediators of inflammation,Chen D, Liu F, Wan J B, Lai C Q, Shen L R. 2017. Effect of Major Royal Jelly Proteins on Spatial Memory in Aged Rats: Metabolomics Analysis in Urine. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 65(15), 3151-3159.Cihan Y B, Deniz K. 2014. The effects of royal jelly against radiation-induced acute oral mucositis. International Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 27(1), 036-044.Cho Y, Kim J, Shin J, Bae M, Shin, M K. 2016. Dietary royal jelly improves epidermal hydration with increased levels of ceramides in the epidermis of mid-aged healthy human subjects. Journal of Dermatological Science, 84(1), e35.Chiu H F, Chen B K, Lu Y Y, Han Y C, Shen Y C, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang C K. 2017. Hypocholesterolemic efficacy of royal jelly in healthy mild hypercholesterolemic adults. Pharmaceutical biology, 55(1), 497-502.Çallı Ç, Tuğyan K, Öncel S, Pınar E, Demirtaşoğlu F, Tolon B, Yılmaz O, Kıray A. 2008. The effectiveness of royal jelly on tympanic membrans perforations (An Experimental Study). The Journal of Otolaryngology. 37(2):179-184.Çavuşoğlu K, Yapar K, Yalçın E. 2009. Royal jelly (honey bee) is a potential antioxidant against cadmium-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino mice. Journal of medicinal food, 12(6), 1286-1292. Desoto M C, Hitlan R T. 2012. Synthetic folic acid supplementation during pregnancy may increase the risk of developing autism. Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry, 2(4), 251-261.Dhanesuan N, Srisuparbh D, Tiranathanagul S, Rungsiyanant S. 2011. The in vitro effect of royal jelly Apis mellifera on proliferation of human gingival poiodental ligament fibroblasts and human bone cells. Thai Pharm Health Sci, 6(3):182-187.Dinkov D, Stratev D, Balkanska R, Sergelidis D. 2016. Antıbacterıal Actıvıty of Royal Jelly and Rape Honey Agaınst Methıcıllın-Resıstant Staphylococcus aureus Straıns. Journal of Food and Health Science Dinkov et al, 2(2), 67-73.Doğaroğlu M. 2007. Story of honey from flower to table. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, Mas Matbaacılık, İstanbul. ISBN: 978-975-08-1323-8. pp: 207.El-Hanoun A M, Elkomy A E, Fares W A, Shahien E H. 2014. Impact of royal jelly to improve reproductive performance of male rabbits under hot summer conditions. World Rabbit Science, 22(3), 241-248. El-Nekeety A A, El-Kholy W, Abbas N F, Ebaid A, Amra H A, Abdel-Wahhab M A. 2007. Efficacy of royal jelly against the oxidative stress of fumonisin in rats. Toxicon, 50(2), 256-269.Erdem O, Güngörmüş Z. 2014. The effect of royal jelly on oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy (Article). Holistic Nursing Practice. Volume 28, Issue 4, July-August 2014, Pages 242-246.Erem C, Deger O, Ovalı E, Barlak Y. 2006. The effects of royal jelly on autoimmunity in Graves' disease. Endocrine, 30(2), 175-183.Eshraghi S, Seifollahi F. 2003. Antibacterial effects of royal jelly on different strains of bacteria. Iranian journal of public health, 32(1), 25-30.Filipič B, Potokar, J. 2013. Effect of Royal Jelly (rj) on Human Interferon-alpha (huıfn-α) Inhıbıtıon of Human Colon Cancer Cells (caco-2) Prolıferatıon ın Vıtro. Erişim yeri: http://www.apimondia.com/congresses/2013/Apitherapy/PlenarySession/EffectOfRoyalJelly(Rj)OnHumanInterferon-AlphaBratkoFilipicJanaPotokar.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 23/04/2016Fujii A, Kobayashi S, Kuboyama N, Furukawa Y, Kaneko Y, Ishihama S, Tamura T. 1990. Augmentation of wound healing by royal jelly (RJ) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 53(3), 331-337.Furusawa T, Arai Y, Kato K, Ichihara K. 2016. Quantitative Analysis of Apisin, a Major Protein Unique to Royal Jelly. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Page:1-9.Ghanbari E, Nejati V, Khazaei M. 2016. Improvement in serum biochemical alterations and oxidative stress of liver and pancreas following use of royal jelly in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Cell Journal (Yakhteh), 18(3), 362.Guendouz M, Haddi A, Grar H, Kheroua O, Saidi D, Kaddouri H. 2017. Preventive effects of royal jelly against anaphylactic response in a murine model of cow’s milk allergy. Pharmaceutical Biology, 55(1), 2145-2152.Guo H, Saiga A, Sato M, Miyazawa I, Shibata M, Takahata Y, Morimatsu F. 2007. Royal jelly supplementation improves lipoprotein metabolism in humans. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 53(4), 345-348.Günaldı Ö, Güçlü G, Postalcı L, Eseoğlu M, Yılmaz I, Ofluoğlu E, Erdoğan Ş. 2014. Can royal jelly prevent epidural fibrosis development after laminectomy? An experimental study (Article). Journal of Neurological Sciences Volume 31, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 257-265.Gyuzukina E, Dimitrieva N. 1993. Efektivnost preparata nativnovo pchelnovo molokchkd adsorbirovannovo na laktose m,r kandiddoznoi infektzii u nedonoshanich novorodenich. Apiterapia sevodnja (2): 23-26.Gyuzukina E, Dimitrieva N. 1998. O srokah priminenia matochnova molochka u prejdevremenno rojdenich detei. Apiterapia sevodnja (6): 85-87.Hamidpour R, Hamidpour S, Hamidpour M, Shahları M. 2013. Frankincense (乳香 Rǔ Xiāng; Boswellia Species): From the selection of traditional applications to the novel phytotherapy for the prevention and treatment of serious diseases. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 3(4), 221-226.Han B, Fang Y, Feng M, Lu X, Huo X, Meng L, Li J. 2014. In-depth phosphoproteomic analysis of royal jelly derived from western and eastern honeybee species. Journal of proteome research, 13(12), 5928-5943. Hassan A A. 2009. Effect of royal jelly on sexual efficiency in adult male rats. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 23, Supplement II: (155-160)Honda Y, Araki Y, Hata T, Ichihara K, Ito M, Tanaka M, Honda S. 2015. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid, the Major Lipid Component of Royal Jelly, Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans through Dietary Restriction and Target of Rapamycin Signaling. Journal of Aging Research Volume 2015, Article ID 425261, 7 pagesIbrahim A, Eldaim M A A, Abdel-Daim M M. 2016. Nephroprotective effect of bee honey and royal jelly against subchronic cisplatin toxicity in rats. Cytotechnology, 68(4), 1039-1048.Imada T, Nakamura S, Kitamura N, Shibuya I, Tsubota K. 2014. Oral administration of royal jelly restores tear secretion capacity in rat blink-suppressed dry eye model by modulating lacrimal gland function. PloS one, 9(9), e106338.Inoue S, Kawashima M, Hisamura R, Imada T, Izuta Y, Nakamura S, Tsubota K. 2017. Clinical evaluation of a royal jelly supplementation for the restoration of dry eye: A prospective randomized double-blind placebo controlled study and an experimental mouse model. PloS one, 12(1), e0169069.Jie H, Li P M, Zhao G J, Feng X L, Zeng D J, Zhang C L, Chen Q. 2016. Amino acid composition of royal jelly harvested at different times after larval transfer. Genetics and molecular research: GMR, 15(3):1-10.Joksimovič A, Stanković D, Joksimović I, Molnar S, Joksimović S. 2009. Royal jelly as a supplement for young football players. Sport Science, 2(1):62-67.Kafadar İ H, Güney A, Türk C Y, Öner, M, Silici S. 2012. Royal jelly and bee pollen decrease bone loss due to osteoporosis in an oophorectomized rat model. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi, 23(2), 100-105.Kamakura M, Mitani N, Fukuda T, Fukushima M. 2001. Antifatigue effect of fresh royal jelly in mice. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 47(6), 394-401.Kamakura M. 2011. Royalactin induces queen differentiation in honeybees. Nature, 473 (7348), 478-483.Kanelis D, Tananaki C, Liolios V, Dimou M, Goras G, Rodopoulou M A, Thrasyvoulou A. 2015. A suggestion for royal jelly specifications. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 66(4), 275-284.Karaca T, Bayıroğlu F, Yoruk M, Kaya M S, Uslu S, Comba B, Mis L. 2010. Effect of royal jelly on experimental colitis induced by acetic acid and alteration of mast cell distribution in the colon of rats. European journal of histochemistry: EJH, 54(4):193-196Karlıdağ S, Genç F. 2009. Arı Sütü Verimine Etki Eden Faktörler. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 40(1):127-132.Khoshpey B, Djazayeri S, Amiri F, Malek M, Hosseini A F, Hosseini S, Shidfar F. 2016. Effect of royal jelly intake on serum glucose, apolipoprotein AI (ApoA-I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and ApoB/ApoA-I ratios in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial study. Canadian journal of diabetes, 40(4), 324-328.Kohguchi M, Inoue S I, Ushio S, Iwaki, K, Ikeda M, Kurimoto M. 2007. Effect of royal jelly diet on the testicular function of hamsters. Food science and technology research, 10(4), 420-423.Kohno K, Okamoto I, Sano O, Arai N, Iwaki K, Ikeda M, Kurimoto M. 2004. Royal jelly inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines by activated macrophages. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 68 (1): 138-145.Kolaylı S, Sahin H, Can Z, Yıldız O, Malkoc M, Asadov A. 2016. A Member of Complementary Medicinal Food: Anatolian Royal Jellies, Their Chemical Compositions, and Antioxidant Properties. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 21(4), NP43-NP48.Kösoğlu M, Yücel B, Gökbulut C, Konak R, Bircan C. 2013. Hasat Zamanının Arı Sütünün Kimi Biyokimyasal ve İz Element Kompozisyonları Üzerine Etkisi. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi,19 (2):233-237.Krylov V N, Sokolsky S S, Krylova E V. 2006. Experımental Study Of Bee Royal Jelly Cardıoprotectıve Characterıstıcs. Mellifera, 6. (10-12):28-32Kwon H O, Lee M, Cho Y H, Jun W, Lee J. 2017. Royal Jelly Supplementation Ameliorated Immune Impairment via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress in Low Micronutrient-induced Immunodeficient Mice. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 5(2), 74-79.Lambrinoudaki I, Augoulea A, Rizos D, Politi M, Tsoltos N, Moros M, Panoulis K. 2016. Greek-origin royal jelly improves the lipid profile of postmenopausal women. Gynecological Endocrinology, 32(10), 835-839.Li J K, Wang T, Peng W J. 2007. Comparative analysis of the effects of different storage conditions on major royal jelly proteins. Journal of Apicultural Research, 46(2), 73-80.Li C, Mannoor M K, Toma N, Taniguchi T, Inafuku M, Yamaguchi K K, Watanabe H. 2011. The efficacy of Royal Jelly in the restoration of alcoholic liver injury in mouse model. Biomedical Research, 22(1).Liu J-R, Yang Y-C, Shi L-S, Peng C-C. 2008. Antioxidant Properties of Royal Jelly Associated with Larval Age and Time of Harvest. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56: 11447-11452.Magdalena M. 2010. Effect of royal jelly on breast infant with distrophy and maldevelopment, In Apimondia (ed.) 20th Apimondia International Beekeeping Congress in Bukarest, Romania: pp 583-585.Mahmoud S A, El-Banby A M, El-Shakankiry H M, Abdel-Hamid K M, Hassabel-Naby M A. 1997. Effect of diet supplementation with honey or royal jelly on preterms. Wirkung einer zusätzlichen Ernährung mit Honig oder Weiselfuttersaft bei Frühgeborenen Der XXXV. Internationale Bienenzüchterkongress der Apimondia Antwerpen, Apimondia-Verlag; Bukarest, Rumänien; pp 432.Mahmoud K, Anas, T. 2015. The role of honey with royal jelly in protecting the graafian follicles from the toxicity of the Adriamycin Drug (Article). International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 376-385.Malekinejad H, Fani M, Shafiee-Roodbari S K H, Delkhosh-Kasmaie F, Rezaei-Golmisheh A. 2016. Crosstalk between E2f1 and c-Myc mediates hepato-protective effect of royal jelly on taxol-induced damages. Human and Experimental Toxicology,1-12. Mărgăoan R, Mărghitaş L A, Dezmirean D S, Bobiş O, Bonta V, Cătană C, Mureşan C I. 2017. Comparative Study on Quality Parameters of Royal Jelly, Apilarnil and Queen Bee Larvae Triturate. Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science & Biotechnologies, 74(1):51-58.Mărghitaş L A, Morar O, Bobış O, Bonta V, Dezmırean D S. 2010. Comparative evaluation of chemical composition for three categories of royal jelly. J Agroalim Proc Technol, 16, 399-401.Mărghitaş L A, Bărnułiu L I, Dezmirean D S, Bobiş O, Bonta V, Mărgăoan R, Gherman B. 2013. Determination of trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) in transylvanian royal jelly. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 70(1), 9-14Matsuoka T, Kawashima T, Nakamura T, Kanamaru Y, Yabe T. 2012. Isolation and characterization of proteases that hydrolyze royal jelly proteins from queen bee larvae of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Apidologie 43:685–697.Meng G, Wang H, Pei Y, Li Y, Wu H, Song Y, Wang J. 2017. Effects of protease-treated royal jelly on muscle strength in elderly nursing home residents: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response study. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 11416.1-9Menkovska M. 2013. The newest experience with effervescent tablets containing royal jelly as functional food on packing, dosage and synergistic action in prevention, prophylaxis and healing. Journal of Food Processing and Technology, 4(10):1-8.Meto A, Meto A. 2017. Pastes Based On Royal Jelly, An Alternatıve For The Mınımally Invasıve Treatment Of Pulpıtıs (Hıstopathologıcal Experımental Data). AJBS, 1-7Meto A, Meto A, Xhajanka E, Özcan M, Tragaj E. 2017. Microbiological Comparison of Royal Jelly and Chlorhexidine 0.2%. EJIS European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Articles, 7: 122-125.Min J, Lee Y, Han S M, Choı Y. 2013. Dietary effect of royal jelly supplementation on epidermal levels of hydration, filaggrins, free amino acids and the related enzyme expression in UV irradiated hairless mice. Korean Journal of Nutrition, 46(2), 109-118.Mobasseri M, Ghiyasvand S, Ostadrahimi A, Ghojazadeh M, Noshad, H, Pourmoradian S. 2015. Effect of fresh royal jelly ingestion on glycemic response in patients with type 2 diabetes (Article). Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal Volume 17, Issue 9, 8 September 2015, Article number e20074, 5p.Mofid B, Rezaeizadeh H, Termos A, Rakhsha A, Mafi A R, Taheripanah T, Kashi, A S Y. 2016. Effect of Processed Honey and Royal Jelly on Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Electronic physician, 8(6), 2475.Morita H, Ikeda T, Kajita K, Fujioka K, Mori I, Okada H, Ishizuka T. 2012. Effect of royal jelly ingestion for six months on healthy volunteers. Nutrition journal, 11(1), 77.Mureşan C I, Marghitaş L A, Dezmirean D S, Bobiş O, Bonta V, Zacharias I, Margaoan R, Pasca C. 2016. Quality parameters for commercialized royal jelly. Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 73(1):1-8.Münstedt K, Bargello M, Hauenschild A. 2009. Royal jelly reduces the serum glucose levels in healthy subjects. Journal of Medicinal food, 12(5), 1170-1172.Nabas Z, Haddadin M S, Haddadin J, Nazer I K. 2014. Chemical composition of royal jelly and effects of synbiotic with two different locally isolated probiotic strains on antioxidant activities. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 64(3), 171-180.Nakaya M, Onda H, Sasaki K, Yukiyoshi A, Tachibana H, Yamada K. 2007. Effect of royal jelly on bisphenol A-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 71(1), 253-255.Osama H, Abdullah A, Gamal B, Emad D, Sayed D, Hussein E, Bahaa T. 2017. Effect of Honey and Royal Jelly against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Patients with Cancer. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1-5.Paola F, Pantalea D D, Gianfranco C, Antonio F, Angelo V, Eustachio N, Elisabetta D L. 2014. Oral allergy syndrome in a child provoked by royal jelly. Case reports in medicine, 1-3.Park H M, Hwang E, Lee K G, Han S M, Cho Y, Kim S Y. 2011. Royal jelly protects against ultraviolet B-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts via enhancing collagen production (Article). Journal of Medicinal Food Volume 14, Issue 9, 1 September 2011, Pages 899-906.Pavel C I, Mărghitaş L A, Bobiş O, Dezmirean D S, Şapcaliu A, Radoi I, Mădaş M N. 2011. Biological activities of royal jelly-review. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 44(2), 108-118.Peng C C, Sun H T, Lin I P, Li J C, Kuo P C. 2017. The functional property of royal jelly 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid as a melanogenesis inhibitor. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17(1), 392.Pourmoradian S, Mahdavi R, Mobasseri M, Faramarzi E, Mobasseri M. 2012. Effects of royal jelly supplementation on body weight and dietary intake in type 2 diabetic females. Health promotion perspectives, 2(2):231-235.Pourmoradian S, Mahdavi R, Mobasseri M, Faramarzi E, Mobasseri M. 2014. Effects of Royal Jelly Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Oxidative Stress Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Female: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Chin J Integr Med 2014 May;20(5):347-352.Premratanachai P, Chanchao C. 2014. Review of the anticancer activities of bee products. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 4(5): 337-344.Pyrzanowska J, Piechal A, Blecharz-Klin K, Joniec-Maciejak I, Graikou K, Chinou I, Widy-Tyszkiewicz E. 2014. Long-term administration of Greek Royal Jelly improves spatial memory and influences the concentration of brain neurotransmitters in naturally aged Wistar male rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 155(1), 343-351.Rafat N, Monfared A S, Shahidi M, Pourfallah T A. 2016. The modulating effect of royal jelly consumption against radiation-induced apoptosis in human peripheral blood leukocytes (Article). Journal of Medical Physics Volume 41, Issue 1, January-March 2016, Pages 52-57.Raja R R. 2016. Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals for Human Beings–An Overview. American Journal of Food Science and Health, 2(2), 7-17.Ramadan M F, Al-Ghamdi A. 2012. Bioactive compounds and health-promoting properties of royal jelly: A review. Journal of Functional Foods, 4, 39-52.Sabatini A G, Marcazzan G L, Caboni M F, Bogdanov S, Almeida-Muradian L. 2009. Quality and standardisation of royal jelly. Journal of ApiProduct and ApiMedical Science, 1(1), 1-6.Salimi S, Naghavi N S, Karbasizadeh V. 2013. Propolis, royal jelly and pollen from beehive have antibacterial effect on aquatic pathogenic bacterial isolates. International Journal of Molecular and Clinical Microbiology, 1, 218-224.Sarıtaş N, Yıldız K, Büyükipekci S, Coşkun B. 2011. Effect of different levels of royal jelly on biochemical parameters of swimmers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(52), 10718-10723.Sesta G. 2006. Determination of sugars in Royal jelly by HPLC. Apidologie 37:84-90.Sesta G, Lusco L. 2008. Refractometric determination of water content in royal jelly. Apidologie, 39(2), 225-232.Seven İ, Şimşek Ü G, Gökçe Z, Seven P T, Arslan A, Yilmaz Ö. 2013. The effects of royal jelly on performance and fatty acid profiles of different tissues in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under high stocking density. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 38:1303-62.Seven I, Şimşek Ü G, Gökçe Z, Seven P T, Arslan A, Yılmaz Ö. 2014. The effects of royal jelly on performance and fatty acid profiles of different tissues in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under high stocking density. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 38(3), 271-277.Seyyedi F, Rafiean-Kopaei M, Miraj S. 2016. Comparison of the effects of vaginal royal jelly and vaginal estrogen on quality of life, sexual and urinary function in postmenopausal women. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 10(5), QC01.Shidfar F, Jazayeri S, Mousavi S N, Malek M, Hosseini A F, Khoshpey B. 2015. Does supplementation with royal jelly improve oxidative stress and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients? (Article). Iranian Journal of Public Health Volume 44, Issue 6, 1: Pages 797-803.Shirzad M, Kordyazdi R, Shahinfard N, Nikokar M. 2013. Does Royal jelly affect tumor cells. J HerbMed Pharmacol, 2(2), 45-48.Shirzad M, Yousofi M, Zamanzad B, Sedaghat A, Hosseini M, Shahinfard N, Shirzad H. 2014. Effects of royal jelly on sterile skin cut repair. Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology, 3(2):97-100.Siavash M, Shokri S, Haghighi S, Mohammadi M, Shahtalebi M A, Farajzadehgan Z. 2011. The efficacy of topical Royal Jelly on diabetic foot ulcers healing: A case series. Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 16(7), 904-909.Siavash M, Shokri S, Haghighi S, Shahtalebi M A, Farajzadehgan Z. 2015. The efficacy of topical royal jelly on healing of diabetic foot ulcers: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int Wound J 2015; 12:137–142.Šimúth J, Bíliková K, Kováčová E. 2003. Royal Jelly proteins as a tool for development of functional ingredients for health. Erişim: http://apimondiafoundation.org /foundation/files/312.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2017.Sosa-Pérez G, Pérez-Ruiz E, Pérez-Hernández P, Cortez-Romero C, Gallegos-Sánchez J. 2017. Intravenous administration of royal jelly in ovarian activity and ovulatory rate of Pelibuey sheep. Agroproductividad, 10(2), 42-46.Stangaciu S. 1999. Apitherapy Internet Course Notes, 520p.Stangaciu S, Mărghitaş L A, Dezmirean D, Bonta V, Mărgăoan R, Bobiş O. 2015. Quality Parameters Needed for Bee Products used in Apitherapy. Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 72, 1:67-71.Stratev D, Vashin I, Balkanska R, Dinkov D. 2015. Antibacterial activity of Royal jelly and rape honey against Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 7965). Journal of Food and Health Science 1(2): 67-74.Stocker A, Schramel P, Kettrup A, Bengsch E. 2005. Trace and mineral elements in royal jelly and homeostatic effects. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology:19(2), 183-189.Strant M. 2014. Utiliser les produits de la ruche pour la santé . Abeilles & Cie , 163: 25-28 http://www.cari.be/medias/abcie_articles/163_apitherapie.pdfStrant M. 2016. Personal experiences with api-therapy. Api-cocktail and it’s multiple benefits for human health. Festival Beeattitude 2016 "Couleur miel", CARI, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium, 11-13 November .Strant M, Grosu R. 2016. Apitherapy in daily practice. The Apiquality&Apimedica International Symposium.Rome, 22-25 November.Strant M, Varadi A. 2016. Royal jelly, studies, clinical cases. Api-therapy Symposium and workshop, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,18-19 February Strant, M. 2017a. A Treasure in Apiterapy ‘’Royal Jelly’’- Myths and Realities. II. Marmaris Apitherapy and Apicultural Products Symposium 14-15 October. Marmaris. P:41-42.Strant M. 2017b. Personal experience and practices for royal jelly. Cluj Napoca.Suemaru K, Cui R, Li B, Watanabe S, Okihara K, Hashimoto K, Araki H. 2008. Topical application of royal jelly has a healing effect for 5-fluorouracil-induced experimental oral mucositis in hamsters. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 30(2), 103-106.Sugiyama T, Takahashi K, Mori H. 2012. Royal jelly acid, 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid, as a modulator of the innate immune responses. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders), 12(4), 368-376.Susilowati H, Murakami K, Yumoto H, Amoh T, Hirao K, Hirota K, Miyake Y. 2017. Royal Jelly Inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa Adherence and Reduces Excessive Inflammatory Responses in Human Epithelial Cells. BioMed Research International, 2017 Volume 2017, Article ID 3191752, 10 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3191752Şahinler N, Kaftanoğlu O. 2005. The effects of season and honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) genotype on acceptance rates and royal jelly production. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29(2), 499-503.Taavoni S, Barkhordari F, Goushegir A, Haghani H. 2014. Effect of Royal Jelly on premenstrual syndrome among Iranian medical sciences students: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study. Complementary therapies in medicine, 22(4), 601-606.Taherianfard M, Ahmadi Jokani S, Khaksar, Z. 2017. Royal jelly can modulate behavioral and histomorphometrical disorders caused by Parkinson's disease in rats. Physiology and Pharmacology, 21(2), 120-128.Tatsuhiko T, Naoko K, Yuko H. 2011. Application of the material of honeybee origin. Application of the consmetic material of the honeybee origin (Japanese). Frag J. 30: 17-24.Teixeira R R, De Souza A V, Peixoto L G, Machado H L, Caixeta D C, Vilela D D, Espindola F S. 2017. Royal jelly decreases corticosterone levels and improves the brain antioxidant system in restraint and cold stressed rats. Neuroscience Letters, 655, 179-185.Temamoğulları F, Aral F, Demirkol R. 2006. Erkek farelerde arı sütünün uzun süreli uygulanmasının bazı spermatolojik özellikler üzerine etkisi. F.Ü. Sağ. Bil. Derg. 20 (5): 341 – 344.Thien, F C K, Leung R, Baldo B A, Weinbr J, Plomley R, Czarny D. 1996. Asthma and anaphylaxis induced by royal jelly. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 26(2), 216-222.Viuda‐Martos M, Ruiz‐Navajas Y, Fernández‐López J, Pérez‐Álvarez J A. 2008. Functional properties of honey, propolis, and royal jelly. Journal of food science,73(9), R117-R124.Vittek J. 1995. Effect of royal jelly on serum lipids in experimental animals and humans with atherosclerosis. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 51(9), 927-935.Yanagita M, Kojima Y, Mori K, Yamada S, Murakami S. 2011. Osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory effect of royal jelly on periodontal ligament cells (Article). Biomedical Research, Volume 32, Issue 4, August 2011, Pages 285-291.Yang X, Li J, Wang R. 2015. Antibacterial Mechanism of 10-HDA Against Bacillus subtilis. Advances in Applied Biotechnology Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Volume 332, pp 317-324.Yoshida M, Hayashi K, Watadani R, Okano Y, Tanimura K, Kotoh J, Maeda A. 2017. Royal jelly improves hyperglycemia in obese/diabetic KK-Ay mice. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 79(2), 299-307.Yüksel S, Akyol S. 2016. The consumption of propolis and royal jelly in preventing upper respiratory tract infections and as dietary supplementation in children. Journal of intercultural ethnopharmacology, 5(3), 308-311.Zahran A M, Elsayh K I, Saad K, Eloseily E M, Osman N S, Alblihed M A, Mahmoud M H. 2016. Effects of royal jelly supplementation on regulatory T cells in children with SLE. Food & nutrition research, 60(1), 32963.Zhang S, Shao Q, Shen Z, Su S. 2017a. Immunomodulatory response of 4T1 murine breast cancer model to camellia royal jelly. Biomedical Research, 28(3).1223-1230Zhang S, Shao Q, Geng H, Su S. 2017b. The effect of royal jelly on the growth of breast cancer in mice. Oncology Letters, 14(6), 7615-7621.Zheng H Q, Hu F L, Dietemann V. 2011. Changes in composition of royal jelly harvested at different times: consequences for quality standards. Apidologie, 42(1), 39-47.