The Effects of Heat Stress on the Welfare of Dairy Cattle

Öz

With the increasing number of dairy cattle and the intensification of production, heat stress has become one of the most important challenges facing the dairy industry today. The aim of this review is to examine the effects of heat stress on the well-being of dairy cattle, current heat reduction strategies as well as to inform about the sustainability of future heat stress management. Heat stress negatively affects the health, biological functioning, milk production and reproductive performance of dairy cattle. It can also jeopardize the emotional state of dairy cattle by reducing feelings of hunger and thirst. Some studies have examined how temperature stress affects animal behavior, as well as how to manage the evolutionary adaptations of the animal to achieve thermoregulation in modern farms. Further research is needed to determine advanced comprehensive pro-cow measurements that can show real-time responses to high ambient temperatures and be incorporated into heat reduction management practices. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dairy cattle
• animal welfare
• heat stress
• dairy industry

Sıcaklık Stresinin Süt Sığırlarının Refahı Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Süt sığırı sayısının giderek artması ve üretimin yoğunlaşması ile sıcaklık stresi, günümüzde süt endüstrisinin karşılaştığı en önemli zorluklardan biri haline gelmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, sıcaklık stresinin süt sığırlarının refahı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi, mevcut ısı azaltma stratejilerinin yanı sıra gelecekteki sıcaklık stresi yönetiminin sürdürülebilirliği hakkında bilgilendirme yapmaktır. Sıcaklık stresi süt sığırlarının sağlığını, biyolojik işleyişini, süt üretimini ve üreme performansını olumsuz yönde etkiler. Ayrıca açlık ve susuzluk duygularını azaltarak süt sığırlarının duygusal durumunu tehlikeye atabilir. Bazı çalışmalarda sıcaklık stresinin hayvanın davranışlarını nasıl etkilediğinin yanı sıra, modern işletmelerde hayvanın termoregülasyonu sağlamak için evrimsel adaptasyonlarının nasıl yönetildiği incelenmiştir. Yüksek ortam sıcaklıklarına karşı gerçek zamanlı tepkileri gösterebilen ve ısı azaltma yönetimi uygulamalarına dâhil edilebilecek gelişmiş kapsamlı inek yanlısı ölçümleri belirlemek için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Süt sığırları
• Hayvan refahı
• Sıcaklık stresi
• Süt endüstrisi

Kaynakça

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