Keçilerde Yem Rekabeti Sırasında Gözlenen Agonistik Davranışlar Üzerine Genotip, Boynuz ve Baskınlık Sırasının Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, yem rekabetindeki keçiler arası agonistik etkileşimler, genotip, boynuz ve baskınlık sırası temelinde araştırılmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Malta ve Türk Saanen genotiplerinin kendi içinde baskınlık sırası belirlendikten sonra boynuzlu, boynuzsuz ve hem boynuzlu hem boynuzsuz hayvanların bulunduğu karışık grup olmak üzere 2-5 yaşlı, toplam 54 baştan oluşan her birinde dokuzar başlı, doğrusal sosyal sıraya sahip toplam 6 grup oluşturulmuştur. Gözlemler yemliklere konan kaba yem (yulaf kuru otu) rekabetinde gösterdikleri agonistik davranışlar temelinde değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Genotipin, yemlikte yerini alma davranışı dışında agonistik davranış sıklıklarını önemli derecede etkilediğini göstermiştir (P≤0.05). Türk Saanen genotipi Malta genotipinden 2.36 kat daha fazla agresif ısırma ve 1.78 kat daha fazla korkutma davranışı sergilemiştir (P≤0.0001). Malta genotipinden daha yüksek agresyon sıklığı gösteren Türk Saanen genotipinin bireylerinin yemlikte gözlenmeme oranı Malta genotipine göre daha yüksektir (P=0.0159). Boynuz sallama davranışı dışındaki agonistik davranış sıklıklarının boynuz gruplarına göre önemli düzeyde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir (P≤0.05). Toplam agresif davranışların toplam ortalama sıklığı, en yüksekten en düşüğe boynuzsuz 27.73 kez/saat, karışık 23.47 kez/saat ve boynuzlu grup 18.48 kez/saat şeklinde sıralanmıştır. Yemlikte gözlenmeme özelliğinin boynuz gruplarında önemli düzeyde farklılaştığı en yüksekten en düşüğe sırasıyla boynuzlu %38, karışık %16 ve boynuzsuz %8 grup şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir (P<0.0001).

Sonuç: Malta genotipinin Türk Saanen genotipine göre daha uysal bir yapıda olduğu ve bu uysallığın yem rekabeti anlamında olumlu olabileceği ifade edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türk Saanen
• Maltız
• Beslenme
• Etkileşim
• Agresfi ısırma

Effects of genotype, horn and social rank on agonistic behaviours during food competition in goats

Öz

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the agonistic interactions among goats in food competition based on genotype, horn and dominance rank.

Material and Methods: After determining the dominance rank of the Maltese and Turkish Saanen genotypes, a mixed group consisting of horned, polled and both horned and polled animals, 2 to 5 years old, consisting of 54 heads in total, nine heads each and a total of 6 groups with linear social rank were formed. The observations were evaluated on the basis of their agonistic behaviors in competition for roughage (oat hay) placed in the feeders.

Results: Genotype significantly affected the frequency of agonistic behaviors except for displacement behavior in feeder (P≤0.05). Aggressive biting and threatening behaviors in Turkish Saanen were 2.36 and 1.78 times higher than in Maltese (P≤0.0001). The rate of absence at through of Turkish Saanen goats, which displayed higher aggression frequency was higher that of Maltese goats (P=0.0159). The frequency of agonistic behaviors except for flank butting differed according to horn groups (P≤0.05). Total mean frequency of total aggressive behaviors in the descending order ranked 27.73 times/h for hornless, 23.47 times/h for mixed and 18.48 times/h for horned groups. The absence at the feeder differed in horned groups and ranked in the descending order 38% for horn, 16% for mixed and 8% for hornless (P<0.0001).

Conclusion: Maltese genotype is more peaceful than the Turkish Saanen genotype and this peacefulness may be useful in terms of food competition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turkish Saanen
• Maltese
• feeding
• interaction
• aggressive biting

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