The Effects of Age and Daytime Periods on Behavioral Traits of Turkish Geese Reared in Free-Range System

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 63 Sayı: 2, 126 - 135, 30.12.2022

Mehmet Akif Boz , Kadir Erensoy , Musa Sarıca

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1102347

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of age and daytime periods on the behavioral traits of domestic Turkish geese reared in free-range production system at 7-18 weeks of age.

Material ve Methods: The study was carried out at Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Agriculture, Research and Application Farm (Atakum, Samsun, Turkey). The animal material of the study consisted of 112 (8 replicates) domestic Turkish geese. The goslings were reared indoors for the first 6 weeks. Each pen of the geese reared in the free-range production system has a 9 m2 closed (1.55 birds/m2) and 33 m2 free range (0.42 birds/m2) area. Behavioral characteristics of geese such as outdoor access, running, feather pecking, feeding-drinking, resting, wing flapping and feather shaking, and preening were determined by the same observer for 4 days in a week at 09:00, 13:00 and 17:00 hours between 7 and 18 weeks of age. Behaviors were determined by continious observation method for 4 minutes at the pen level and recorded on the forms.

Results: Significant differences were determined in feeding-drinking and resting behaviors depending on age (p˂0.05). Age had no significant effect on other behavioral traits (p˃0.05). Feeding-drinking behavior was at the highest level at the 8, 9 and 10 weeks of age, while the lowest (29.73%) level was determined at the 17 weeks. Resting behavior was the highest at 8 weeks and lowest at 16 weeks. The effect of day-time periods on the behavioral characteristics was found insignificant (p˃0.05). The effect of age x day-time period interaction was also insignificant (p˃0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, no significant difference was observed between the behavior of the geese reared in the free-range system during the growth period according to the daytime period. Feeding-drinking and resting behaviors differed depending on age. With advancing age, these behaviors decrease proportionally. The behaviors of running, feather pecking, wing flapping and feather shaking, feather care and cleaning and the outdoor access did not differ depending on age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geese, Turkish native genotype, behavioral traits, age, feather pecking

Serbest Gezinmeli Sistemde Yetiştirilen Yerli Türk Kazlarında Yaş ve Gün İçi Periyotların Davranış Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, serbest gezinmeli üretim sisteminde yetiştirilen yerli genotip kazların 7-18 haftalık yaş aralığında, davranış özellikleri üzerine yaş ve gün içi periyotların etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliği kümeslerinde (Atakum, Samsun, Türkiye) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 8 bölmede (tekerrür) toplam 112 adet yerli genotip kaz (erkek-dişi karışık) kullanılmıştır. Serbest gezinmeli sistemde yetiştirilen kazların barındırıldığı her bir bölme 9 m2 kapalı (1.55 kaz/m2) ve 33 m2 serbest gezinti (0.42 kaz/m2) alanından oluşmuştur. Palazlar ilk 6 haftaya kadar kapalı alanda yetiştirilmiştir. Kazların gezinti alanına çıkma, koşma, gagalama, yeme-içme, dinlenme (yatma-ayakta durma), kabarma ve silkelenme, tüy düzeltme davranışları 7 ile 18 haftalık yaşlar arasında haftada 4 gün 09:00, 13:00 ve 17:00’de (sabah, öğle ve akşam üstü) belirlenmiştir. Davranışlar bölme düzeyinde 4 dakikalık sürekli gözlem yapılarak belirlenmiş ve formlara kaydedilmiştir.

Bulgular: Yaşa bağlı olarak yeme-içme ve dinlenme davranışlarında önemli farklılıklar belirlenmiştir (p˂0.05). Diğer özellikler üzerine yaşın önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır (p˃0.05). Yeme-içme davranışı 8, 9 ve 10. haftada en yüksek seviyede gerçekleşirken, 17. haftada en düşük oranda (%29.73) belirlenmiştir. Dinlenme davranışı en yüksek 8. haftada, en düşük 16. haftada tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada belirlenen davranış özellikleri üzerine gün içi periyotların etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur (p˃0.05). Yaş x gün içi periyot interaksiyonu etkisi de önemsiz bulunmuştur (p˃0.05).

Sonuç: Yapılan çalışma ile serbest gezinmeli sistemde yetiştirilen kazlarda büyüme döneminde gün içi periyoda göre davranışlar arasında önemli farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Yeme-içme ile dinlenme davranışları yaşa bağlı olarak farklılık göstermiştir. İlerleyen yaş ile birlikte bu davranışlarda oransal olarak azalma meydana gelmektedir. Koşma, gagalama, tüy kabartma ve silkelenme, tüy bakımı ve temizliği ile dış ortama çıkma davranışları yaşa bağlı olarak farklılık göstermemektedir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaz, Türk yerli genotip, davranış özellikleri, yaş, gagalama, Geese, Turkish native genotype, behavioral traits, age, feather pecking

Kaynakça

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