Tele Health Applications in the Self-Management of Hypertensive Patients: A Review

Öz

Developments in science and technology have been influential in the creation of new service approaches such as telehealth and telenursing. Telehealth applications are implemented to provide services such as remote health assessment, medical diagnosis, necessary intervention and guidance, and health counselling to people who cannot reach health services. Today, telehealth applications are seen among the approaches that contribute to the development of self-management skills and improving the quality of life, especially in individuals with chronic diseases. In chronic disease management; in addition to maintaining the treatment plan, it is important to increase the knowledge level of the patients with various training and support programs, to ensure compliance with the treatment and to gain self-management skills. Providing optimum blood pressure control in hypertensive patients is possible with effective disease management. Self-management support which is provided to hypertensive patients; it includes gaining knowledge, skills and confidence in disease management, providing resources to maintain self-care, supporting in the decision-making process, helping in diagnosing and coping with problems, and referral to community resources. Telehealth applications emerge as an alternative and innovative way of providing self-management support to hypertensive patients. The most preferred and widely used applications for hypertension management are mobile applications with monitoring facilities. With telehealth applications designed for hypertension self-management, patients can be followed up in terms of basic clinical information, training and counselling can be provided, and in this way, it is aimed to reduce hospital/emergency service admissions, support their adherence to treatment and reduce care costs. It is expected that the interest in telehealth and telenursing applications will gradually increase and become widespread with the increase in the number of patients requesting the service and the innovations in technology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hpertension
• Self-management
• tele- nursing
• tele-health

Hipertansif Hastaların Öz-Yönetiminde Tele Sağlık Uygulamaları: Geleneksel Derleme/ Tele Health Applications in the Self-Management of Hypertensive Patients: A Review

Öz

Bilim ve teknoloji alanındaki gelişmeler, tele sağlık, tele hemşirelik gibi yeni hizmet yaklaşımlarının oluşturulmasında etkili olmuştur. Tele sağlık uygulamaları, sağlık hizmetine ulaşamayan kişilere uzaktan sağlık değerlendirmesi, tıbbi teşhisinin sağlanması, gerekli müdahale ve yönlendirmenin yapılması, sağlık danışmanlığı veril-mesi gibi hizmetlerin ulaştırılmasını sağlamak amacıyla uygulanmaktadır. Günümüzde, tele sağlık uygulamaları, özellikle kronik hastalığı olan bireylerde öz-yönetim becerilerinin geliştirilmesine ve yaşam kalitelerinin yükseltilmesine katkı sağlayan yaklaşımlar arasında görülmektedir. Kronik hastalık yönetiminde; tedavi pla-nının sürdürülmesinin yanı sıra çeşitli eğitim ve destek programları ile hastaların bilgi düzeyinin yükseltilmesi, tedaviye uyumun sağlanması ve öz-yönetim becerilerinin kazandırılması önemlidir. Hipertansif hastalarda optimum kan basıncı kontrolünü sağlamak etkili bir hastalık yönetimi ile mümkün olabilmektedir. Hipertansif hastalara sağlanacak öz-yönetim desteği; bireye hastalık yöneti-minde bilgi, beceri ve güven kazandırmayı, öz bakımı sürdürmek için kaynak sağlamayı, karar verme sürecinde desteklemeyi, problemleri tanılama ve baş etmede yardımcı olmayı, toplum kaynaklarına sevk etmeyi içermektedir. Tele sağlık uygulamaları, hipertansif hastalara öz-yönetim desteğini sağlamanın alternatif ve yenilikçi bir yolu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hipertansiyon yönetimi için en çok tercih edilen ve en yaygın kullanılan uygulamalar, izleme olanaklarına sahip mobil uygulamalardır. Hipertansiyon öz-yönetimi için tasarlanmış tele sağlık uygulamaları ile hastaların temel klinik bilgiler yönünden takibi yapılabilmekte, eğitim ve danışmanlık verilebilmekte ve bu yolla hastane/acil servise başvurularının azaltılması, tedaviye uyumlarının desteklenmesi ve bakım maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi hedeflenmektedir. Hizmeti talep eden hasta sayılarındaki artış ve teknolojideki yeniliklerle birlikte tele sağlık ve tele hemşirelik uygulamalarına ilginin giderek artacağı ve yaygınlaşacağı beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hipertansiyon
• öz-yönetim
• tele hemşirelik
• tele sağlık

Kaynakça

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