Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Kırılganlığın Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri ve Tedaviye Uyum Düzeyine Etkisi/The Effect of Frailty on Daily Living Activities and Treatment Adherence in Hemodialysis Patients

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemodiyaliz hastalarında kırılganlığın günlük yaşam aktiviteleri ve tedaviye uyum üzerindeki etkisini ayrıntılı olarak incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, Temmuz-Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin doğusunda yer alan bir üniversite hastanesi ve özel hastanenin hemodiyaliz ünitelerinde yürütülmüş olup, kesitsel desende tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya, hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören toplam 135 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, Hasta Bilgi Formu, Kırılganlık Ölçeği, Katz Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Ölçeği ve Morisky İlaç Uyumu Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların Kırılganlık Ölçeği, Katz Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Ölçeği ve Morisky İlaç Uyumu Ölçeği ortalama puanları sırasıyla 2,19±1,58; 16,18±2,76 ve 2,58±1,27 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yaş, hem kırılganlık hem de günlük yaşam aktiviteleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip bulunurken, eğitim düzeyi yalnızca günlük yaşam aktiviteleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir (p<0,05). Kırılganlık ile günlük yaşam aktiviteleri arasında orta düzeyde negatif bir ilişki (r=-0,489), kırılganlık ile ilaç uyumu arasında orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki (r=0,302) saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Bulgular, hastaların kırılganlık düzeyleri azaldıkça günlük yaşam aktiviteleri puanlarının arttığını ve ilaç uyumlarının iyileştiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç: Araştırma, hemodiyaliz hastalarının önemli ölçüde kırılgan olduğunu ve kırılganlığın hem günlük yaşam aktiviteleri hem de ilaç tedavisine uyum üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulgular, kırılganlığın klinik olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini, hastaların günlük yaşam aktivitelerine ve tedaviye uyumunun artırılmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapılması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri
• Kırılganlık
• Hemodiyaliz
• İlaç Tedavisi
• Hemşirelik

The Effect of Frailty on Daily Living Activities and Treatment Adherence in Hemodialysis Patients/Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Kırılganlığın Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri ve Tedaviye Uyum Düzeyine Etkisi

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to examine in detail the impact of frailty on activities of daily living and treatment adherence among hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between July and September 2023 in the hemodialysis units of a university hospital and a private hospital located in eastern Türkiye, using a cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 135 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment were included in the study. Data were collected using the Patient Information Form, Frailty Assessment Scale, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: The mean scores of the Frailty Assessment Scale, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were 2.19±1.58, 16.18±2.76, and 2.58±1.27, respectively. Age was found to significantly affect both frailty and activities of daily living, whereas educational level had a significant effect only on activities of daily living (p<0.05). A moderate negative correlation was observed between frailty and activities of daily living (r=-0.489), and a moderate positive correlation was observed between frailty and medication adherence (r=0.302) (p<0.001). The findings indicate that as patients’ frailty levels decreased, their activities of daily living scores increased, while their medication adherence improved. Conclusion: The study revealed that hemodialysis patients are significantly frail and that frailty has a considerable impact on both activities of daily living and adherence to treatment. These findings underscore the need for clinical assessment of frailty and the implementation of interventions aimed at improving daily functioning and treatment adherence in this patient population.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Activities of Daily Living
• Frailty
• Hemodialysis
• Medication
• Nursing

Kaynakça

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