Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Bireylere Uygulanan Müzik Terapisinin Kaşıntı, Kas Krampları ve Konfora Etkisi: Hemşirelik Temelli Yarı Deneysel Bir Çalışma/The Effect of Music Therapy on Itching, Muscle Cramps, and Comfort in Individuals Receiving Haemodialysis Treatment: A Nursing-Based Quasi-Experimental Study

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan bireylere uygulanan müzik terapisinin kaşıntı, kas krampları ve konfor düzeyine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tek gruplu ön test-son test yarı deneysel desende yürütülen bu araştırma, Türkiye’deki bir kamu hastanesinin hemodiyaliz kliniğinde tedavi gören 39 birey ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan bireylere dört hafta boyunca her diyaliz seansında 30 dakikalık müzik terapisi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verileri Hasta Tanıtım Formu, 5-D Kaşıntı Ölçeği, kas krampı şiddetinin değerlendirilmesi için Görsel Analog Skala ve Hemodiyaliz Konfor Ölçeği Versiyon II kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ön test ve son test puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında bağımlı gruplarda t testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan bireylerin 5-D Kaşıntı Ölçeği ön test puanı 14,41±3,36 iken son test puanı 10,56±3,24; kas krampı şiddetine ilişkin Görsel Analog Skala ön test puanı 7,61±2,08 iken son test puanı 5,48±2,34; Hemodiyaliz Konfor Ölçeği Versiyon II ön test puanı 81,58±9,86 iken son test puanı 88,69±9,81 olarak bulunmuştur. Müzik terapisi sonrasında bireylerin kaşıntı ve kas krampı düzeylerinde anlamlı azalma, konfor düzeylerinde ise anlamlı artış olduğu belirlenmiştir (sırasıyla, t=7,526; t=6,681; t=-8,114; p<0,05).
Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan bireylere uygulanan müzik terapisinin kas krampı ve kaşıntı düzeylerini azalttığı ve konfor düzeyini artırdığı bulunmuştur. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan bireylerin sık deneyimledikleri kaşıntı ve kas kramplarının azaltılmasında ve konfor düzeylerinin artırılmasında hemşirelerin müzik terapisini kullanmaları önerilmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemodiyaliz
• Kaşıntı
• Kas Krampları
• Konfor
• Müzik Terapisi

Etik Beyan

Prior to the commencement of the study, ethical approval was obtained from the Amasya University Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the researchers’ university (date: 18.05.2023; approval no: 2023/72).

The Effect of Music Therapy on Itching, Muscle Cramps, and Comfort in Individuals Receiving Haemodialysis Treatment: A Nursing-Based Quasi-Experimental Study/ Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Bireylere Uygulanan Müzik Terapisinin Kaşıntı, Kas Krampları ve Konfora Etkisi: Hemşirelik Temelli Yarı Deneysel Bir Çalışma

Öz

itching, muscle cramps, and comfort levels in individuals receiving haemodialysis treatment.
Materials and Methods: This single-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted with 39 individuals receiving treatment at the haemodialysis clinic of a public hospital in Türkiye. Participants received 30 minutes of music therapy during each dialysis session for four weeks. Data were collected using the Patient Information Form, the 5-D Itch Scale, the Visual Analog Scale for assessing muscle cramp severity, and the Haemodialysis Comfort Scale Version II. A paired-samples t-test was used to compare pretest and posttest scores.
Results: The mean 5-D Itch Scale score decreased from 14.41±3.36 at pretest to 10.56±3.24 at posttest. The mean Visual Analog Scale score for muscle cramp severity decreased from 7.61±2.08 to 5.48±2.34, while the mean Haemodialysis Comfort Scale Version II score increased from 81.58±9.86 to 88.69±9.81. Following music therapy, significant decreases were observed in itching and muscle cramp  severity, whereas comfort levels increased significantly (respectively, t=7.526; t=6.681; t=-8.114; p<0.05).
Conclusion: Music therapy was found to reduce itching and muscle cramp severity and to increase comfort levels in individuals receiving haemodialysis treatment. Nurses may consider using music therapy as a supportive intervention to reduce commonly experienced symptoms such as itching and muscle cramps and to improve comfort in individuals receiving haemodialysis treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Comfort
• Haemodialysis
• Itching
• Muscle Cramps
• Music Therapy

Etik Beyan

Prior to the commencement of the study, ethical approval was obtained from the Amasya University Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the researchers’ university (date: 18.05.2023; approval no: 2023/72).

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