ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE MINIMIZATION OF TRANSACTION COSTS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 39 - 63

Cihan Güneş Mert Akyüz

https://doi.org/10.53881/hiad.1352681

Öz

It is known that removing barriers in international trade is essential in developing and developed countries, as in different periods of history. With the increasing trade volume, Economic Integration has become a critical tool that creates more efficient resource allocation and reduces transaction costs. Economic Integration stages are institutions that emerged to minimize the high transaction costs in the market. In this context, explaining the stages of economic integration with the paradigms of the "New Institutional Economics" school is crucial. This study investigates the effect of economic integrations, defined as an institution, and the European Union, defined as an organization, on transaction costs. According to the New Institutional Economics approach, transaction costs can be minimized by institutions and organizations. Thus, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, and Rule of Law indices were used in this study to measure institutional quality. It can be concluded that institutions and organizations have a positive effect on the stages of economic integration and are effective in minimizing transaction costs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Institutions, Organizations, New Institutional Economics, Economic Integration, European Union

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NDE EKONOMİK ENTEGRASYON VE İŞLEM MALİYETLERİNİN MİNİMİZASYONU

Öz

Tarihin çeşitli dönemlerinde olduğu gibi uluslararası ticarette engellerin kaldırılmasının ülkelerin kalkınmasında önemli bir faktör olduğu bilinmektedir. Artan ticaret hacmiyle birlikte Ekonomik Bütünleşme daha etkin kaynak dağılımı yaratan ve işlem maliyetlerini azaltan önemli bir araç olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ekonomik Bütünleşme aşamaları, piyasada oluşan yüksek işlem maliyetlerini en aza indirebilmek amacıyla ortaya çıkan kurumlardır. Bu çerçevede ekonomik bütünleşme aşamalarını “Yeni Kurumsal İktisat” okulunun paradigmaları ile açıklamak önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir kurum olarak tanımlanan ekonomik bütünleşmelerin ve organizasyon olarak tanımlanan Avrupa Birliği’nin işlem maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Yeni Kurumsal İktisat yaklaşımına göre işlem maliyetleri kurumlar ve organizasyonlar ile minimize edilebilmektedir. Bu nedenle kurumsal kaliteyi ölçebilmek için kamu etkinliği, regülasyon kalitesi ve hukuk devleti endeksleri bu çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Ekonomik bütünleşme aşamaları üzerinde, kurumların ve organizasyonların pozitif etkisinin olduğu ve işlem maliyetlerini minimize etmekte etkili oldukları vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kurumlar, Organizasyonlar, Yeni Kurumsal İktisat, Ekonomik Bütünleşme, Avrupa Birliği

Kaynakça

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