BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 1, 27 - 37, 01.04.2013

Öz

Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi TYYÇ Bologna reformları bağlamında Yükseköğretim Kurulu YÖK tarafından Mayıs 2009’da benimsendi. Yükseköğretim Genel Kurulu, 21 Ocak 2010’da TYYÇ’nin yükseköğretim kurumlarında ve programlar düzeyinde uygulanmasına karar verdi. Kararda bu sürecin Aralık 2012’ye kadar tamamlanması öngörülüyordu. TYYÇ için hem Avrupa Yükseköğretim Alanı Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi QF-EHEA, 2005 , hem de yaşam boyu öğrenim için Avrupa Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi EQFLLL, 2008 referans alınmıştı. EQF-LLL, Avrupa Birliği’nin AB Lizbon Stratejisi hedefleri doğrultusunda eğitim ve öğretimde Avrupa işbirliğini kolaylaştırmak üzere geliştirilmişti. Bu makalede TYYÇ’nin “temel alanlar” ve mimarlık programları düzeyinde uygulanmasında karşılaşılan bazı belirsizlikler, sorunlar ve güçlükler ele alınmaktadır. Avrupa yeterlilikler çerçevelerinin, Avrupa Yükseköğretim Alanı EHEA ile Eğitim ve Öğretim 2010 çalışma programı ET 2010 ve Eğitim ve Öğretim 2020 stratejik çerçevesinin ET 2020 hedefleri açısından önemine ilişkin tartışmanın ardından, mimarlık alanındaki yeterlilikleri ilgilendiren iki sorun alanı üzerinde durulmaktadır: i TYYÇ’nin getirdiği terminoloji ve sınıflama sorunları; ii Avrupa yeterlilikler çerçeveleri ile AB’de mesleki yeterliliklerin tanınması hakkındaki mevzuatı yeniden düzenleyen 2005/36/EC sayılı Direktif Mesleki Yeterlilikler Direktifi arasındaki bağlantısızlık nedeniyle, mimarlığın da aralarında yer aldığı yedi “sektörel” meslek alanındaki yeterliliklerin tanımlanmasında karşılaşılan güçlükler. Makalede bütünleşmiş bir Avrupa Yükseköğretim Alanı’nın oluşturulması konusunda ilerleme sağlamak üzere Mesleki Yeterlilikler Direktifi’nin modernizasyonu için yapılan çalışmalardaki en son gelişmeler de gözden geçirilmektedir

Kaynakça

  • Avrupa Birliği Genel Sekreterliği (ABGS) (2009). Avrupa Birliği Terimleri Sözlüğü. Erişim: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/files/Sozluk/ glossary_for_the_european_union.pdf
  • Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU) (2009). Council conclusions of 12 May 2009 on a strategic framework for European Cooperation in Education and Training (‘ET 2020’). Official Journal of the European Union, 2009/C 119/02. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C: 2009:119:0002:0010:en:PDF
  • Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU) (2011). Council conclusions on the role of education and training in the implementation of the ‘Europe 2020’ Strategy. Official Journal of the European Union, 2011/C 70/01. Erişim: http://eur-lex. europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2011:070:FULL :EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2001). Communication from the Commission: Making a European Area of Lifelong Learning a reality (COM(2001) 678 final). Brüksel. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ. do?uri=COM:2001:0678:FIN:EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011a). Consultation paper on the Professional Qualifications Directive. Brüksel. Erişim: http:// ec.europa.eu/internal_market/consultations/docs/2011/ professional_qualifications/consultation_paper_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011b). Green paper: Modernising the Professional Qualifications Directive (COM(2011) 367 final). Brüksel. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0367:FIN:en:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011c). Evaluation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC). Brüksel. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/news/20110706-evaluation-directive-200536ec_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011d). Public consultation on the modernisation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC): Summary of responses. Brüksel. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/news/20110706-summary-replies-public-consultationpdq_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011e). Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications and Regulation on administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System. COM(2011) 883 final. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/policy_developments/modernising/COM2011_883_ en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2012a). Proposal of the Commission amending Directive 2005/36/EC: Explanations. DG Internal Market and Services. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/ qualifications/docs/conferences/20120202-modernisation/ presentation_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2012b). European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO). Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/social/main. jsp?catId=568
  • Avrupa Konseyi (Council of the European Communities) (1985). Council Directive of 10 June 1985 on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in architecture...(85/384/EEC). Erişim: http:// eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/consleg/1985/ L/01985L0384-20040501-en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mesleki Öğretimi Geliştirme Merkezi (CEDEFOP) (2011). Vocational education at higher qualification levels. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union. Erişim: http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/5515_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) & (EAAE) Avrupa Mimarlık Eğitimi Birliği (2007). ACE – EAAE joint working party: Directive 2005/36/EC - Position statement on minimum duration of studies. Erişim: http://www.mimarlarodasi.org.tr/UIKDocs/ ace-eaae-architecturaleducation.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2006). Access to the profession – Commission staff working document on European Qualifications Framework: ACE Position Paper. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/ education/policies/educ/eqf/results/archicouncil_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2012a). Architects’ Council of Europe Proposed amendments to the Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications and on regulation of administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System. Erişim: http://www.ace-cae.eu/public/contents/getdocument/ content_id/1419
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2012b). ACE Info. 60. Erişim: http://www.architect.be/files/pdf/nieuws/201210_ACE_ Info_3_12_EN_Final%20(2).pdf
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu (2012). Report on the contribution of the European institutions to the consolidation and progress of the Bologna Process (2011/2180(INI)). Committee on Culture and Education, Raportör: Luigi Berlinguer. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc. do?type=REPORT&reference=A7-2012-0035&language=EN
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu (2013). Report: Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications – Draft European Parliament legislative resolution. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/document/activities/cont/20 1302/20130218ATT61284/20130218ATT61284EN.pdf
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2005). Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005 on the recognition of professional qualifications. Official Journal of the European Union. L 255/22. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2005:255:0011:0021:EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2006). Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on Key Competences for Lifelong Learning (2006/962/EC). Official Journal of the European Union, L 394. Erişim: http://www.oapee.es/documentum/MECPRO/ Web/weboapee/servicios/documentos/documentacionconvocatoria-2008/l39420061230en00100018. pdf?documentId=0901e72b80004481
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2008). Recommendations of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning. Official Journal of the European Union, (2008/C 111/1-4). Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?ur i=oj:c:2008:111:0001:0007:en:pdf
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2007a). Qualifications in the sectoral professions: Directive 2005-36-EC and the Bologna Process (Background paper to EUA workshop on sectoral professions). Brüksel. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-workand-policy-area/building-the-european-higher-educationarea/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2007b). Workshop on the sectoral professions (Report of Meeting). Brüksel. http://www.eua. be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-european-highereducation-area/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2010). The Bologna Process and Directive 2005/36/EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications: Is there scope for creative interaction? (Report of the meeting held in the European Parliament on 14 October 2010). Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/ building-the-european-higher-education-area/bologna-andprofessional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2011) Modernising the Professional Qualifications Directive: European University Association response to European Commission’s Consultation on Green Paper COM(2011)367, Brüksel. http://www.eua.be/eua-workand-policy-area/building-the-european-higher-educationarea/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2012a). EUA briefing note on the Commission’s proposed amendments to Directive 2005/36/ EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-theeuropean-higher-education-area/bologna-and-professionalqualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA). (2012b). EUA position paper on the Commission’s proposed amendments to Directive 2005/36/ EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-theeuropean-higher-education-area/bologna-and-professionalqualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2012c). Recognition of professional qualifications – EUA Update no. 10. Erişim: http://www.eua. be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-european-highereducation-area/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Bergen Bildirisi (2005). The European Higher Education Area – Achieving the goals. Communiqué of the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, Bergen.
  • Berlin Bildirisi (2003). Realising the European Higher Education Area. Communiqué of the Conference of Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, Berlin.
  • Bologna Bildirgesi (1999). The European Higher Education Area: The Bologna Declaration. Joint Declaration of the European Ministers of Education.
  • Bologna Yeterlilikler Çerçeveleri Çalışma Grubu (Bologna Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks). (2005). A framework for Qualifications of the European Higher Education Area. Copenhagen: Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation. Erişim: http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/Documents/050218_ QF_EHEA.pdf
  • Bologna Yeterlilikler Çerçeveleri Çalışma Grubu (Bologna Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks). (2012). Report by the EHEA Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks. Erişim: http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/(1)/Qualifications%20 Frameworks%20Working%20Group%20Report.pdf
  • Broek, S., Buiskool, B-J., van Oploo, M., & de Visser S. (2012). State of play of the European Qualifications Framework implementation. Brüksel: European Parliament. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/cult/ studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=73578 Budapeşte-Viyana Bildirgesi (2010). Budapest-Vienna Declaration on the European Higher Education Area.
  • Bükreş Bildirisi (2012). Making the Most of Our Potential: Consolidating the European Higher Education Area. Bucharest Communiqué.
  • Davies, H. (2006). The Bologna Process and the recognition of professional qualifications. EUA Bologna handbook (B 2.4-1), Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
  • Davies, H. (2009). The Bologna Process and the recognition of professional qualifications: An update on developments”, EUA Bologna handbook, Article 3.3-1, Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
  • Garben, S. (Mart 2010). The Bologna Process: From a European Law perspective. European Law Journal, 16(2), 186–210. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0386.2009.00503.x
  • Horan, J. (2011). Public consultation on the Professional Qualifications Directive. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_ market/consultations/2011/professional_qualifications_ en.htm
  • Howat, C., Ulicna, D., & Harris, P. (2011). Final Report - Study evaluating the Professional Qualifications Directive against recent educational reforms in EU Member States. A report submitted by GHK in association with Danish Technological Institute (DTI). Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/ qualifications/docs/policy_developments/final_report_en.pdf
  • Leuven and Louvain-la-Neuve Bildirisi (2009). The Bologna Process 2020 - The European Higher Education Area in the New Decade. Communiqué of the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education.
  • Lizbon Antlaşması (2008). Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Official Journal of the European Union, C 115/120,121. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa. eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2008:115:0047:0199:E N:PDF
  • Lizbon Sözleşmesi (ETS No. 165) (1997). Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region. Explanatory Report. Erişim: http:// conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/reports/Html/165.htm
  • Mesleki Yeterlilikler Kurumu (MYK) (2012). Türkiye Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (Taslak). İstişare belgesi. Ankara. Erişim: http:// www.myk.gov.tr/index.php/tr/tyc
  • Nogueira, A. M. (2012). Education and vocational training policy. Fact Sheets on the European Union. Erişim: http://www. europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_4.17.1.pdf
  • Shapiro, H., Lauritzen, J. R. K., & Irving, P. (2011). Emerging skills and competences: A transatlantic study. EU-US study for the European Commission. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/ education/more-information/doc/2011/skills_en.pdf
  • Sursock, A., & Smidt, H. (2010). Trends 2010: A decade of change in European higher education. Brüksel: EUA. http://www. eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-europeanhigher-education-area/trends-in-european-higher-education/ trends-vi.aspx
  • T.C. Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı (2003). 2003 Yılı ulusal programı. http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=196
  • T.C. Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı (2012). Eğitim ve Kültür. http://www. abgs.gov.tr/index.php?l=1&p=91
  • Tuning HUMART (2012). Tuning sectoral qualifications frameworks for the humanities and the arts. Final report 2010 – 2011. Bilbao: Universidad de Deusto. http://www.unideusto.org/ tuningeu/images/stories/HUMART/SQF_HUMART_Final_ Report_2010-2011.pdf
  • UNESCO (1997). International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 1997. Erişim: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/ Documents/isced97-en.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı (2008). Doktorluk, hemşirelik, ebelik, diş hekimliği, veterinerlik, eczacılık ve mimarlık eğitim programlarının asgari eğitim koşullarının belirlenmesine dair yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete, 02 Şubat 2008, Sayı: 26775. http:// www.mevzuat.adalet.gov.tr/html/27749.html
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı (2010). Yükseköğretimde yeniden yapılanma: 66 soruda Bologna Süreci uygulamaları. Erişim: https://bologna.yok.gov.tr/files/ aa47b53c5284fbbbe5d597211c0b088d.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu (2011). Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (TYYÇ) Temel Alan Yeterlilikleri: Mimarlık ve yapı. Erişim: http://www.tyyc.yok.gov.tr/raporlar/58_MIMARLIK_ YAPI_13_01_2011.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Kurulu (YYK) & Oktik, Ş. (2007).
  • Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi. Erişim: http://bologna. yok.gov.tr
  • Yükseköğretimde Ulusal Yeterlilikler Komisyonu (YUYK) (2009). Rapor: Türkiye Yükseköğretim Ulusal Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (TYUYÇ). Erişim: http://bologna.yok.gov.tr

National Qualifications Framework For Higher Education in Turkey, and Architectural Education: Problems and Challenges of Implementation

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 1, 27 - 37, 01.04.2013

Öz

The Council of Higher Education CoHE adopted the National Qualifications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey NQF-HETR in May 2009, as part of the Bologna reforms. In January 2010, the CoHE decided full implementation of the NQF-HETR at institutional and program levels and in this decision, it was foreseen that the process would be completed by the end of December 2012. The NQFHETR has been aligned both to the overarching Framework for Qualifications in the European Higher Education Area QF-EHEA, 2005 and to the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning EQF-LLL, 2008 . The latter was introduced to facilitate the European cooperation in education and training, in line with the goals of the European Union’s EU Lisbon Strategy. This paper focuses on some of the problems that have become apparent during the NQF-HETR’s implementation at the levels of “narrow fields of education” and architecture programs, and the challenges ahead. Following a discussion of the significance of the two European frameworks in light of the goals of the EHEA, the Education and Training 2010 work programme ET 2010 and the strategic framework for European cooperation in Education and Training ET 2020 , it covers two problem areas concerning qualifications in architecture: i terminological and classificatory problems entailed by the NQF-HETR; ii the lack of alignment between the European qualifications frameworks and the EU Directive on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications Directive EC/2005/36 that covers seven “sectoral professions” including architecture. The paper also reviews the latest developments for the modernization of the EU Directive in order to provide progression in forming an integrated European Higher Education Area

Kaynakça

  • Avrupa Birliği Genel Sekreterliği (ABGS) (2009). Avrupa Birliği Terimleri Sözlüğü. Erişim: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/files/Sozluk/ glossary_for_the_european_union.pdf
  • Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU) (2009). Council conclusions of 12 May 2009 on a strategic framework for European Cooperation in Education and Training (‘ET 2020’). Official Journal of the European Union, 2009/C 119/02. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C: 2009:119:0002:0010:en:PDF
  • Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU) (2011). Council conclusions on the role of education and training in the implementation of the ‘Europe 2020’ Strategy. Official Journal of the European Union, 2011/C 70/01. Erişim: http://eur-lex. europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2011:070:FULL :EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2001). Communication from the Commission: Making a European Area of Lifelong Learning a reality (COM(2001) 678 final). Brüksel. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ. do?uri=COM:2001:0678:FIN:EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011a). Consultation paper on the Professional Qualifications Directive. Brüksel. Erişim: http:// ec.europa.eu/internal_market/consultations/docs/2011/ professional_qualifications/consultation_paper_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011b). Green paper: Modernising the Professional Qualifications Directive (COM(2011) 367 final). Brüksel. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0367:FIN:en:PDF
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011c). Evaluation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC). Brüksel. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/news/20110706-evaluation-directive-200536ec_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011d). Public consultation on the modernisation of the Professional Qualifications Directive (Directive 2005/36/EC): Summary of responses. Brüksel. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/news/20110706-summary-replies-public-consultationpdq_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2011e). Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications and Regulation on administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System. COM(2011) 883 final. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/ docs/policy_developments/modernising/COM2011_883_ en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2012a). Proposal of the Commission amending Directive 2005/36/EC: Explanations. DG Internal Market and Services. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/ qualifications/docs/conferences/20120202-modernisation/ presentation_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Komisyonu (EC) (2012b). European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO). Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/social/main. jsp?catId=568
  • Avrupa Konseyi (Council of the European Communities) (1985). Council Directive of 10 June 1985 on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in architecture...(85/384/EEC). Erişim: http:// eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/consleg/1985/ L/01985L0384-20040501-en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mesleki Öğretimi Geliştirme Merkezi (CEDEFOP) (2011). Vocational education at higher qualification levels. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union. Erişim: http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/5515_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) & (EAAE) Avrupa Mimarlık Eğitimi Birliği (2007). ACE – EAAE joint working party: Directive 2005/36/EC - Position statement on minimum duration of studies. Erişim: http://www.mimarlarodasi.org.tr/UIKDocs/ ace-eaae-architecturaleducation.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2006). Access to the profession – Commission staff working document on European Qualifications Framework: ACE Position Paper. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/ education/policies/educ/eqf/results/archicouncil_en.pdf
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2012a). Architects’ Council of Europe Proposed amendments to the Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications and on regulation of administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System. Erişim: http://www.ace-cae.eu/public/contents/getdocument/ content_id/1419
  • Avrupa Mimarlar Konseyi (ACE) (2012b). ACE Info. 60. Erişim: http://www.architect.be/files/pdf/nieuws/201210_ACE_ Info_3_12_EN_Final%20(2).pdf
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu (2012). Report on the contribution of the European institutions to the consolidation and progress of the Bologna Process (2011/2180(INI)). Committee on Culture and Education, Raportör: Luigi Berlinguer. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc. do?type=REPORT&reference=A7-2012-0035&language=EN
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu (2013). Report: Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications – Draft European Parliament legislative resolution. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/document/activities/cont/20 1302/20130218ATT61284/20130218ATT61284EN.pdf
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2005). Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005 on the recognition of professional qualifications. Official Journal of the European Union. L 255/22. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2005:255:0011:0021:EN:PDF
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2006). Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on Key Competences for Lifelong Learning (2006/962/EC). Official Journal of the European Union, L 394. Erişim: http://www.oapee.es/documentum/MECPRO/ Web/weboapee/servicios/documentos/documentacionconvocatoria-2008/l39420061230en00100018. pdf?documentId=0901e72b80004481
  • Avrupa Parlamentosu & Avrupa Birliği Konseyi (Council of the EU). (2008). Recommendations of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning. Official Journal of the European Union, (2008/C 111/1-4). Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?ur i=oj:c:2008:111:0001:0007:en:pdf
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2007a). Qualifications in the sectoral professions: Directive 2005-36-EC and the Bologna Process (Background paper to EUA workshop on sectoral professions). Brüksel. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-workand-policy-area/building-the-european-higher-educationarea/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2007b). Workshop on the sectoral professions (Report of Meeting). Brüksel. http://www.eua. be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-european-highereducation-area/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2010). The Bologna Process and Directive 2005/36/EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications: Is there scope for creative interaction? (Report of the meeting held in the European Parliament on 14 October 2010). Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/ building-the-european-higher-education-area/bologna-andprofessional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2011) Modernising the Professional Qualifications Directive: European University Association response to European Commission’s Consultation on Green Paper COM(2011)367, Brüksel. http://www.eua.be/eua-workand-policy-area/building-the-european-higher-educationarea/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2012a). EUA briefing note on the Commission’s proposed amendments to Directive 2005/36/ EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-theeuropean-higher-education-area/bologna-and-professionalqualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA). (2012b). EUA position paper on the Commission’s proposed amendments to Directive 2005/36/ EC on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications. Erişim: http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-theeuropean-higher-education-area/bologna-and-professionalqualifications.aspx
  • Avrupa Üniversite Birliği (EUA) (2012c). Recognition of professional qualifications – EUA Update no. 10. Erişim: http://www.eua. be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-european-highereducation-area/bologna-and-professional-qualifications.aspx
  • Bergen Bildirisi (2005). The European Higher Education Area – Achieving the goals. Communiqué of the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, Bergen.
  • Berlin Bildirisi (2003). Realising the European Higher Education Area. Communiqué of the Conference of Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, Berlin.
  • Bologna Bildirgesi (1999). The European Higher Education Area: The Bologna Declaration. Joint Declaration of the European Ministers of Education.
  • Bologna Yeterlilikler Çerçeveleri Çalışma Grubu (Bologna Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks). (2005). A framework for Qualifications of the European Higher Education Area. Copenhagen: Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation. Erişim: http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/Documents/050218_ QF_EHEA.pdf
  • Bologna Yeterlilikler Çerçeveleri Çalışma Grubu (Bologna Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks). (2012). Report by the EHEA Working Group on Qualifications Frameworks. Erişim: http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/(1)/Qualifications%20 Frameworks%20Working%20Group%20Report.pdf
  • Broek, S., Buiskool, B-J., van Oploo, M., & de Visser S. (2012). State of play of the European Qualifications Framework implementation. Brüksel: European Parliament. Erişim: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/cult/ studiesdownload.html?languageDocument=EN&file=73578 Budapeşte-Viyana Bildirgesi (2010). Budapest-Vienna Declaration on the European Higher Education Area.
  • Bükreş Bildirisi (2012). Making the Most of Our Potential: Consolidating the European Higher Education Area. Bucharest Communiqué.
  • Davies, H. (2006). The Bologna Process and the recognition of professional qualifications. EUA Bologna handbook (B 2.4-1), Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
  • Davies, H. (2009). The Bologna Process and the recognition of professional qualifications: An update on developments”, EUA Bologna handbook, Article 3.3-1, Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
  • Garben, S. (Mart 2010). The Bologna Process: From a European Law perspective. European Law Journal, 16(2), 186–210. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0386.2009.00503.x
  • Horan, J. (2011). Public consultation on the Professional Qualifications Directive. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_ market/consultations/2011/professional_qualifications_ en.htm
  • Howat, C., Ulicna, D., & Harris, P. (2011). Final Report - Study evaluating the Professional Qualifications Directive against recent educational reforms in EU Member States. A report submitted by GHK in association with Danish Technological Institute (DTI). Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/ qualifications/docs/policy_developments/final_report_en.pdf
  • Leuven and Louvain-la-Neuve Bildirisi (2009). The Bologna Process 2020 - The European Higher Education Area in the New Decade. Communiqué of the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education.
  • Lizbon Antlaşması (2008). Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Official Journal of the European Union, C 115/120,121. Erişim: http://eur-lex.europa. eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2008:115:0047:0199:E N:PDF
  • Lizbon Sözleşmesi (ETS No. 165) (1997). Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region. Explanatory Report. Erişim: http:// conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/reports/Html/165.htm
  • Mesleki Yeterlilikler Kurumu (MYK) (2012). Türkiye Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (Taslak). İstişare belgesi. Ankara. Erişim: http:// www.myk.gov.tr/index.php/tr/tyc
  • Nogueira, A. M. (2012). Education and vocational training policy. Fact Sheets on the European Union. Erişim: http://www. europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_4.17.1.pdf
  • Shapiro, H., Lauritzen, J. R. K., & Irving, P. (2011). Emerging skills and competences: A transatlantic study. EU-US study for the European Commission. Erişim: http://ec.europa.eu/ education/more-information/doc/2011/skills_en.pdf
  • Sursock, A., & Smidt, H. (2010). Trends 2010: A decade of change in European higher education. Brüksel: EUA. http://www. eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-europeanhigher-education-area/trends-in-european-higher-education/ trends-vi.aspx
  • T.C. Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı (2003). 2003 Yılı ulusal programı. http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=196
  • T.C. Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı (2012). Eğitim ve Kültür. http://www. abgs.gov.tr/index.php?l=1&p=91
  • Tuning HUMART (2012). Tuning sectoral qualifications frameworks for the humanities and the arts. Final report 2010 – 2011. Bilbao: Universidad de Deusto. http://www.unideusto.org/ tuningeu/images/stories/HUMART/SQF_HUMART_Final_ Report_2010-2011.pdf
  • UNESCO (1997). International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 1997. Erişim: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/ Documents/isced97-en.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı (2008). Doktorluk, hemşirelik, ebelik, diş hekimliği, veterinerlik, eczacılık ve mimarlık eğitim programlarının asgari eğitim koşullarının belirlenmesine dair yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete, 02 Şubat 2008, Sayı: 26775. http:// www.mevzuat.adalet.gov.tr/html/27749.html
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı (2010). Yükseköğretimde yeniden yapılanma: 66 soruda Bologna Süreci uygulamaları. Erişim: https://bologna.yok.gov.tr/files/ aa47b53c5284fbbbe5d597211c0b088d.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Kurulu (2011). Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (TYYÇ) Temel Alan Yeterlilikleri: Mimarlık ve yapı. Erişim: http://www.tyyc.yok.gov.tr/raporlar/58_MIMARLIK_ YAPI_13_01_2011.pdf
  • Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Kurulu (YYK) & Oktik, Ş. (2007).
  • Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi. Erişim: http://bologna. yok.gov.tr
  • Yükseköğretimde Ulusal Yeterlilikler Komisyonu (YUYK) (2009). Rapor: Türkiye Yükseköğretim Ulusal Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi (TYUYÇ). Erişim: http://bologna.yok.gov.tr
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Emel Aközer Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Aközer, E. (2013). Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi(1), 27-37.
AMA Aközer E. Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler. J Higher Edu Sci. Nisan 2013;(1):27-37.
Chicago Aközer, Emel. “Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi Ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Güçlükler”. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi, sy. 1 (Nisan 2013): 27-37.
EndNote Aközer E (01 Nisan 2013) Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi 1 27–37.
IEEE E. Aközer, “Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler”, J Higher Edu Sci, sy. 1, ss. 27–37, Nisan 2013.
ISNAD Aközer, Emel. “Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi Ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Güçlükler”. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi 1 (Nisan 2013), 27-37.
JAMA Aközer E. Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler. J Higher Edu Sci. 2013;:27–37.
MLA Aközer, Emel. “Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi Ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Güçlükler”. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 27-37.
Vancouver Aközer E. Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesi ve Mimarlık Eğitimi: Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Güçlükler. J Higher Edu Sci. 2013(1):27-3.