A Comparative Study on Functional Linguistics Theories

Öz

This study comparatively analyzes a number of functional linguistic theories in terms of their theoretical principles, their conception of structural representation and their methodological approaches. The main problem of the study is that although functional approaches are based on a common communicative foundation, they show significant differences regarding the levels of analysis in language analysis. In this context, Functional Grammar, Systemic Functional Grammar, Role and Reference Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, West Coast Functionalism and the Usage-Based Cognitive-Functional models are taken in a comparative method. This analysis, based on qualitative research methodology, was conducted through content analysis of theoretical texts. In particular, the primary sources of the theorists in question and the secondary literature explaining these theories have been reviewed. These theories were evaluated on the basis of criteria such as basic assumptions, syntax-semantics-pragmatics relations, structural representation, interaction with context, methodological principles and typological adequacy. Thus, the theoretical diversity within functional linguistics and the contributions of this diversity to language analysis are presented. Finally, this study is not limited to the grammar of a specific language, but rather is a comprehensive linguistic study that provides a theoretical framework applicable to the grammar of Turkish, Arabic, English, and many other languages.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Functional Linguistics
• Functional Grammar
• Systemic Functional Grammar
• Role and Reference Grammar
• Lexical Functional Grammar
• Usage-Based Models

İşlevsel Dilbilim Kuramları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, birtakım işlevsel dilbilim kuramlarını, kuramsal ilkeleri, yapısal temsil anlayışları ve metodolojik yaklaşımları bakımından karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektedir. Çalışmanın temel problemi, işlevsel yaklaşımların ortak bir iletişimsel temele dayanmasına rağmen, dil analizindeki çözümleme düzeylerine ilişkin önemli farklılıklar göstermesidir. Bu bağlamda İşlevsel Dilbilgisi, Dizgeci İşlevsel Dilbilgisi, Rol ve Gönderim Dilbilgisi, Sözcüksel İşlevsel Dilbilgisi, Batı Yakası İşlevselciliği ve Kullanıma Dayalı Bilişsel-İşlevsel modeller karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemine dayalı olarak yürütülen bu çözümleme, kuramsal metinlerin içerik analizi yoluyla yapılmıştır. Özellikle ilgili kuramcıların birincil kaynakları ile bu kuramları açıklayan ikincil literatür taranmıştır. Söz konusu kuramlar; temel varsayımlar, sözdizim-anlambilim-edimbilim ilişkileri, yapısal temsil anlayışları, bağlamla kurdukları etkileşim, metodolojik ilkeler ve tipolojik yeterlilik gibi ölçütler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece işlevsel dilbilim içindeki kuramsal çeşitlilik ve bu çeşitliliğin dil çözümlemelerine sunduğu katkılar ortaya konmuştur. Son olarak bu çalışma, belirli bir dilin dilbilgisine yönelik olmayıp Türkçe, Arapça, İngilizce ve diğer birçok dilin dilbilgisine yönelik kuramsal bir çerçeve sunan kapsamlı bir dilbilim çalışmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşlevsel Dilbilim
• İşlevsel Dilbilgisi
• Dizgeci İşlevsel Dilbilgisi
• Rol ve Gönderim Dilbilgisi
• Sözcüksel İşlevsel Dilbilgisi
• Kullanıma Dayalı Modeller

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