Araştırma Makalesi

The Utopia That Confesses Its Own Impossibility: Ali Kemâl’s Novel Fetret

Sayı: 24 [BAHAR 2026] 10 Nisan 2026
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The Utopia That Confesses Its Own Impossibility: Ali Kemâl’s Novel Fetret

Abstract

This article analyzes Ali Kemâl’s novel Fetret as an ideological manifesto that diagnoses the political, moral, and intellectual crisis of the Second Constitutional Era as a dystopian state of “interregnum” (fetret) and, in response, presents an individual-centered, liberal utopia of salvation. The study’s central thesis is that Ali Kemâl exposes the decay of the existing order by criticizing the era’s ignorant and verbose intellectuals, its corrupt intellectual life, and the “sick” Ottoman language, which was incapable of conveying thought. At the center of the utopian project proposed against this dystopia lies the model of the “new human,” designed in the person of the protagonist, Osman Fetret, who biologically and pedagogically represents a Turkish-English synthesis. The article reveals that the novel proposes rational, Westernist, and merit-based models of modernization in fields such as language, academia, public debate, and family. However, attention is also drawn to the project’s internal contradictions, such as its elitist nature that excludes the populace and its in-text admission of its own artificiality (being a product of “ihtilâl” [revolution/rupture] rather than “tekâmül” [evolution]). Finally, it is argued that the novel’s incompleteness, combined with the author’s tragic fate, should be read as a tragic metaphor for the failure and impossibility of this ambitious utopia in the face of reality. In this respect, the work is evaluated not so much as a prescription for salvation but as a poignant text documenting the unbridgeable gap between the modernist intellectual and their own society.

Keywords

Kaynakça

  1. Akçuraoğlu Yusuf vd. Üç Tarz-ı Siyâset, Cevâbımız, Bir Mektûb. İstanbul: Matbaa-i Kader, 1327.
  2. Ali Kemâl. Fetret. Birinci Kitap, Dersaadet: Muhtar Halid Kitabhanesi, 1329.
  3. Ali Kemâl. Fetret. İkinci Kitap, Dersaadet: Muhtar Hâlid Kitabhânesi, 1330.
  4. Ali Kemâl. Fetret. ed. M. Kayahan Özgül. Ankara: Hece Yayınları, 2003.
  5. Berkes, Niyazi. Türkiye’de Çağdaşlaşma. ed. Ahmet Kuyaş. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2003.
  6. Fatma Âliye-Mahmûd Esad. Teaddüd-i Zevcât –Zeyl. Kostantiniye: Mâlûmat ve Servet Gazeteleri Sâhib-i İmtiyâzı es-Seyyid Mehmed Tâhir, Mâlûmat Kütüphânesi, 1316.
  7. Freud, Sigmund. Civilization and Its Discontents. trans. & ed. James Strachey. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1961.
  8. Frye, Northrop. “Edebiyatta Ütopya Türleri”. trans. Akşit Göktürk. Türk Dili 234 (Mart 1971), 510.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Türkiye Sahası Yeni Türk Edebiyatı

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

10 Nisan 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

17 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

9 Mart 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 24 [BAHAR 2026]

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD
İldeş, Özgür. “The Utopia That Confesses Its Own Impossibility: Ali Kemâl’s Novel Fetret”. Hikmet - Akademik Edebiyat Dergisi. 24 [BAHAR 2026] (01 Nisan 2026): 427-479. https://doi.org/10.28981/hikmet.1843565.

ULAKBİM-DERGİPARK Bünyesinde Faaliyet Gösteren HİKMET-Akademik Edebiyat Dergisi (Journal Of Academic Literature) 

Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Alanında Yayımlanan Uluslararası Hakemli Bir Dergidir.