ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis of Novel Fixatives and Their Histological Properties on Sheep Heart

Öz

Objective: In this study, new fixative solutions that are odorless and non-toxic were tested on the hearts of sheep to preserve the cellular structure and tissue architecture in a life-like manner. Material and Method: The changes of new fixatives before and after contact with tissue were detected for the first time by the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method. After a preliminary inspection, hearts were fixed with six different solutions. It was periodically evaluated for weight, size, color, and hardness. Samples taken from the left ventricle of each heart stained with Hematoxylin eosin and examined histologically. Results: As a result of the measurements of heart weights, reduction in Solution 1 (Standard Formaldehyde Fixative), Solution 4, and Solution 5 were detected at 5.64%, 23.70%, and 14.38%, respectively. In Solution 4 and Solution 5, it was observed that the integrity of the myocardium was protected in terms of morphology, the stiffness was suited for sectioning and the coronary vessels were preserved better than Solution 1. Further, compared to solution 1, it was determined that the endocardium and myocardium layers were well preserved in the tissues fixed in Solution 4 and Solution 5. Typical cross striation appearance in cardiac muscle tissue existed in all three Solution 1, Solution 4, and Solution 5. Conclusion: Solution 4 and Solution 5 were found to have superior fixative properties than Solution 1 (Formaldehyde). As a result of ATR-FTIR studies, it was determined that formaldehyde was converted into toxic formic acid in Standard Solution 1, while very few harmless changes were detected in Solution 4 and Solution 5.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anatomy education
• ATR-FTIR spectroscopy
• fixative
• organ preservation

Koyun Kalbinde Yeni Fiksatiflerin ATR-FTIR Spektroskopik Analizi ve Histolojik Özellikleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hücresel yapının ve doku mimarisinin canlı gibi korunması amacıyla, kokusuz ve toksik olmayan yeni fiksatif çözeltiler koyun kalbi üzerinde test edildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yeni fiksatiflerin dokuyla temas öncesi ve sonrasındaki değişiklikleri ilk kez ATRFTIR spektroskopik yöntemiyle tespit edildi. Ön incelemenin ardından kalpler altı farklı çözeltiyle fikse edildi. Ağırlık, boyut, renk ve sertlik açısından periyodik olarak değerlendirildi. Her kalbin sol ventrikülündenalınan ve Hematoksilen Eozin ile boyanan örnekler histolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kalp ağırlıkları ölçümleri sonucunda Çözelti 1 (Standart %10’ luk Formaldehit Çözeltisi), Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’te sırasıyla %5,64, %23,70 ve %14,38 azalma tespit edildi. Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’te miyokardın morfolojik açıdan bütünlüğünün korunduğu, sertliğin kesit almaya uygun olduğu ve Çözelti 1’e göre koroner damarların iyi korunduğu gözlendi. Ayrıca Çözelti 1 ile karşılaştırıldığında, Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’te fikse edilen dokularda endokardiyum ve miyokard katmanlarının iyi korunduğu belirlendi. Çözelti 1, Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’in içerisindeki kalp kası dokularında tipik enine çizgilenme görünümü mevcuttu. Sonuç: Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’in Çözelti 1’e (Formaldehit) göre daha üstün fiksatif özelliklere sahip olduğu bulundu. ATR-FTIR çalışmaları sonucunda Standart Çözelti 1’de formaldehitin toksik formik asite dönüştüğü belirlenirken, Çözelti 4 ve Çözelti 5’te çok az ve zararsız değişiklikler tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anatomi eğitimi
• ATR-FTIR spektroskopisi
• fiksatif
• organ koruma

Kaynakça

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