İnsan Papilloma Virüsünün Genotipik Profilleri ve Prevalansı: Ankara, Türkiye’den Tek Merkezli Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 2021–2023 yılları arasında elde edilen HPV test sonuçları retrospektif olarak incelenerek insan papillomavirüs (HPV) enfeksiyonlarının prevalansının yanı sıra HPV genotiplerinin cinsiyet ve yaşa göre dağılımının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 2021–2023 yılları arasında Özkaya Tıp Merkezi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’na başvuran ≥18 yaş semptomatik hastalardan alınan sıvı bazlı sitoloji (LBC) ve doku örneklerine ait HPV-DNA test sonuçları dâhil edilmiştir. Toplam 692 hasta sonucu hastane bilgi sistemi üzerinden retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics versiyon 27.0 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Kategorik değişkenler için Fisher’s exact testi uygulanmış; veriler sayı (n) ve yüzde (%) olarak sunulmuştur. p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: En sık saptanan HPV genotipleri Tip 6 ve Tip 16 olmuştur. Kadın hastalarda en yaygın olarak Tip 6, 16 ve 66 belirlenmiştir. HPV DNA pozitifliği 545 kadın ve 2 erkek hastada saptanmıştır. Tip 6 daha çok 25 yaş altı ve 25–29 yaş grubunda görülürken, Tip 16 ve Tip 66’nın 35–39 ve 40–44 yaş gruplarında daha sık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak HPV DNA pozitif olgular 35–39 ve 40–44 yaş aralıklarında yoğunlaşırken, HPV DNA negatif olguların çoğunlukla 30–34 yaş grubunda olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: HPV enfeksiyonlarının kadınlarda erkeklere kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yaygın olduğu saptanmıştır. En sık rastlanan genotipler Tip 6, 16 ve 66 olup; Tip 6 genç yaş grubunda, Tip 16 ve 66 ise 35–44 yaş aralığında daha baskın bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnsan papillomavirüs
• Servikal kanser taraması
• Genotip

Genotypic Profiles and Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus: A Single-Center Study from Ankara, Türkiye

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the distribution of HPV genotypes according to gender and age by retrospectively analyzing HPV test results from 2021 to 2023. Methods: HPV-DNA test results obtained from liquid-based cytology (LBC) and tissue samples of symptomatic patients (≥18 years of age) referred to the Microbiology Laboratory of Özkaya Medical Center between 2021 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed through the hospital information system. A total of 692 patient results were included. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27.0. Fisher’s exact test was applied for categorical variables, with data presented as number (n) and percentage (%). A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The most frequent HPV genotypes detected were Types 6 and 16. Among female patients, Types 6, 16, and 66 were most common. HPV DNA positivity was identified in 545 female patients and in 2 male patients. Type 6 was mainly observed in patients under 25 and those aged 25–29, while Types 16 and 66 were more frequent in the 35–39 and 40–44 age groups. In general, HPV DNA-positive patients were concentrated in the 35–39 and 40–44 age ranges, whereas HPV DNA-negative patients were mostly between 30–34 years. Conclusion: HPV infections were significantly more prevalent in women than in men. Types 6, 16, and 66 were the most common genotypes, with Type 6 being more common in younger patients and Types 16 and 66 predominating among those aged 35–44.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human papillomavirus
• Cervical cancer screening
• Genotype

Kaynakça

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