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Effect of Barley Grass on Antioxidant Capacity and DNA Damage in Diabetic Rats

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 149 - 155, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1281145

Öz

Objective: Worldwide, phytotherapy methods acquire great importance, and studies in this field are increasing their importance each day. This study, it was aimed to examine total antioxidant, oxidant status, oxidative DNA damage, glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels and the effects of barley grass juice on these parameters in rats with diabetes mellitus.
Material and Method: Four groups were formed for the study and 6 male rats weighing 250-350 g were used in each group. Control Group; physiological saline was injected via intraperitoneal., Diabetic Group; created using streptozotocin, Barley Grass Group; Barley grass juice (3 ml/rat/day) was given orally for 4 weeks, Diabetic and Barley Grass Group; was injected streptozotocin and barley grass juice was given by oral for 4 weeks.
Results: It was determined that barley grass juice decreased blood sugar, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, total oxidative status and oxidative stress index values, increased total anti-oxidative status value, and body weights in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In addition, it was determined that the addition of barley grass juice provided a significant protective effect and improvement in these parameters.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, we can say that barley grass juice has an antidiabetic-antioxidant effect and weight gain in diabetes mellitus

Kaynakça

  • Zeng Y, Pu X, Du J et al. Molecular mechanism of functional ingredients in barley to combat human chronic diseases. oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. Oxid Med Cell Long (3836172) 2020. Available from: URL: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2020/3836172/. Date of Access: 19.01.2023.
  • Acar O, Türkan I, Özdemir F. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in drought sensitive and resistant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2001; 23:351-356.
  • Lachman J, Hejtmánková A, Orsák M, Popov M, Martinek P. Tocotrienols and tocopherols in colored-grain wheat, tritordeum and barley. Food chemistry 2018; 240:725-735.
  • Do TDT, Cozzolino D, Muhlhausler B, Box A, Able AJ. Antioxidant capacity and vitamin E in barley: Effect of genotype and storage. Food chemistry 2015; 187:65-74.
  • Erel O. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clinical biochemistry 2004; 37:112-119.
  • Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical biochemistry 2005; 38:1103-1111.
  • Yang JL, Weissman L, Bohr VA, Mattson MP. Mitochondrial DNA damage and repair in neurodegenerative disorders. DNA repair 2008;7: 1110-1120.
  • Vincent AM, Russell JW, Low P, Feldman EL. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Endocrine reviews 2004; 25:612-628.
  • Çelik R, Mert M, Comba B, Mert N. Effects of cinnamaldehyde on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, some biochemical and hematological parameters in diabetic rats. Biomarkers 2022; 27:270–277
  • Mis L, Comba B, Uslu S, Yeltekin A. Effect of Wheatgrass on DNA damage, oxidative stress ındex and histological findings in Diabetic Rats. International Journal of Morphology 2018; 36:1235-1240.
  • Comba B, Taş A, Comba A, Yurdakul İ, Yörük İH. Effect of sildenafil citrate on MDA, GSH, retinol, vitamin D3 and α-tocoferole levels in wound healing: diabetic rat model. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 2015; 9: 82-85.
  • Taş A, Karasu A, Comba B, Aksu D, Düz E. Effects of sildenafil citrate on the hematological parameters in the early phase of wound healing in diabetic rats. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2011; 6: 290-296.
  • Gorogawa S, Kajimoto Y, Umayahara Y et al. Probucol preserves pancreatic β-cell function through reduction of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2002; 57: 1-10.
  • Comba B, Mis L, Uslu S, Comba A The effect of barley grass on antioxidant capacity and DNA damage in rat with renal failure. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 2017; 26: 6135-6140.
  • Mis L, Comba B, Basbugan Y, Yasar S, Comba A. Assessment of the wheatgrass effects on antıoxıdant capacıty and dna damage ın rats wıth experımental renal faılure. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 2019; 28: 2876-2879.
  • Comba B, Oto G, Mis L, Özdemir H, Comba A. Effects of borax on inflammation, haematological parameters and total oxidant-antioxidant status in rats applied 3–methylcholanthrene - Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2016;22:539-544
  • Comba A, Oto G, Comba B, Ozdemir H, Keskin S. Effects of boric acid on proinflammation cytokines, total oxidativeantioxidative status and hematological parameters in rats applied benzo(a)pyrene, Fresenıus Envıronmental Bulletın 2020;29:3599-3605.
  • Yildirim S, Oto G, Comba B, Ekin S, Cinar DA. An investigation of the protective effects of resveratrol on some biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in experimentally-induced chronic flurosis in rats. Fluoride 2017; 50:365-373
  • Vadi M, Comba B. Effect of Resveratrol on Total Oxidative-Antioxidative Status and DNA Damage in Rats Induced Methotrexate. Cumhuriyet University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2022; 7: 84-91.
  • Pham-Huy LA, He H, Pham-Huy C. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. Int J Biomed Sci. 2008;4: 89-96.
  • Piconi L, Quagliaro L, Ceriello A. Oxidative stress in diabetes. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 2003;41:1144-1149.
  • Park KS, Kim JH, Kim MS et al. Effects of insulin and antioxidant on plasma 8-hydroxyguanine and tissue 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 2001;50:2837-2841.
  • Huang CS, Hu ML. Lycopene inhibits DNA damage and reduces hMTH1 mRNA expression in the liver of Mongolian gerbils treated with ferric nitrilotriacetate. Food and chemical toxicology 2011; 49:1381-1386.
  • Falcioni G, Fedeli D, Tiano L et al. Antioxidant activity of wheat sprouts extract in vitro: inhibition of DNA oxidative damage. Journal of food science 2002; 67: 2918-2922.
  • Sancar A, Lindsey-Boltz LA, Kang TH, Reardon JT, Lee JH, Ozturk N Circadian clock control of the cellular response to DNA damage. FEBS Letters 2010; 584:2618–2625.
  • Cooke MS, Evans MD, Dizdaroglu M, Lunec J. Oxidative DNA damage: mechanisms, mutation, and disease. The FASEB Journal 2003;17:1195-1214.
  • Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev. 2010; 4:118-126.
  • Ristow M, Schmeisser K. Mitohormesis. Promoting health and lifespan by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dose Response 2014; 12: 288–341.
  • Tunali S, Yanardag R. Effect of vanadyl sulfate on the status of lipid parameters and on stomach and spleen tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacological research 2006; 53:271-277.
  • Salehi B, Martorell M, Arbiser JL. et al, Antioxidants: positive or negative actors? Biomolecules, 2018;8:124.
  • Maldonado PD, Barrera D, Medina-Campos ON, Hernández-Pando R, Ibarra-Rubio ME, Pedraza-Chaverrı- J. Aged garlic extract attenuates gentamicin induced renal damage and oxidative stress in rats. Life Sciences 2003; 73:2543-2556.
  • Kavutcu M, Canbolat O, Ozturk S. et al. Reduced enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism in kidney tissues from gentamicin-treated guinea pigs: effects of vitamins E and C. Nephron 1996;72:269-274.
  • Komosińska-Vassev K, Olczyk K, Olczyk P, Winsz-Szczotka K. Effects of metabolic control and vascular complications on indices of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2005; 68: 207-216.
  • Kutlu M, Naziroglu M, Simsek H, Yilmaz T, Kükner AS. Moderate exercise combined with dietary vitamins C and E counteracts oxidative stress in the kidney and lens of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research 2005; 75: 71-80.
  • Gokkusu C, Palanduz S, Ademoğlu E, Tamer S. Oxidant and antioxidant systems in NIDDM patients: influence of vitamin E supplementation. Endocrine research 2001; 27: 377-386.
  • Gangopadhyay N, Rai DK, Brunton NP, Gallagher E, Hossain MB. Antioxidant-guided isolation and mass spectrometric identification of the major polyphenols in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain. Food chemistry 2016; 210, 212-220.
  • Yu YM, Chang WC, Chang CT, Hsieh CL, Tsai CE. Effects of young barley leaf extract and antioxidative vitamins on LDL oxidation and free radical scavenging activities in type 2 diabetes Diabetes Metab. 2002; 28:107-114.
  • Idehen E, Tang Y, Sang S. Bioactive phytochemicals in barley. journal of food and drug analysis 2017; 25: 148-161.
  • Tian MJ, Song JN, Liu PP, Su LH, Sun CH, Li Y. Effects of beta glucan in highland barley on blood glucose and serum lipid in high fat-induced C57 mouse. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi 2013; 47:55-58.
  • Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P, Taylor CA. Double-blind randomised controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the postprandial glucose response of healthy volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition 2015; 113: 1373-1383.
  • Soong YY, Tan SP, Leong LP, Henry JK. Total antioxidant capacity and starch digestibility of muffins baked with rice, wheat, oat, corn and barley flour. Food chemistry 2014; 164:462-469.
  • Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Movahedian A, Hakim-Elahi I. Effect of Hordeum vulgare L.(Barley) on blood glucose levels of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Research in pharmaceutical sciences 2014;9:173-176.
  • Khalaf G, Mohamed AG. Effect of barley (Hordeum vulgare) on the liver of diabetic rats: Histological and biochemical study. Egypt J Histol 2008; 31: 245-255.
  • Babu PS, Prabuseenivasan S, Ignacimuthu S. Cinnamaldehyde—a potential antidiabetic agent. Phytomedicine 2007;14:15-22.
  • Dilworth L, Facey A, Omoruyi F. Diabetes mellitus and its metabolic complications: the role of adipose tissues. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22:7644.
  • Anand, P, Murali K, Tandon V, Murthy P, Chandra R. Insulinotropic effect of cinnamaldehyde on transcriptional regulation of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and GLUT4 translocation in experimental diabetic rats. Chemico-biological interactions 2010; 186: 72-81.
  • Zhang J, Xiao X, Dong Y, Shi L, Xu T, Wu F. The anti-obesity effect of fermented barley extracts with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diet-induced obese rats. Food & Function 2017; 8: 1132-1143.
  • Clarke L, Sweeney T, Curley E, Duffy S, Rajauria, G, O’doherty J. The variation in chemical composition of barley feed with or without enzyme supplementation influences nutrient digestibility and subsequently affects performance in piglets. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 2018; 102: 799-809.
  • Ghaffarzadegan T, Zhong Y, Hållenius FF, Nyman M. Effects of barley variety, dietary fiber and β-glucan content on bile acid composition in cecum of rats fed low-and high-fat diets. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2018;53:104-110.

Arpa Çiminin Diyabetli Ratlarda Antioksidan Kapasitesine ve DNA Hasarına Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 149 - 155, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1281145

Öz

Amaç: Dünya çapında fitoterapi yöntemleri büyük önem kazanmakta ve bu alandaki çalışmalar her geçen gün önemini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada deneysel olarak diyabet oluşturulan ratlarda toplam antioksidan, oksidan durum, oksidatif DNA hasarı, glikoz ve hemoglobin A1c düzeyleri ve arpa çimi suyunun bu parametreler üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışma için 4 grup oluşturuldu ve her grupta 250-350 gr ağırlığında 6 erkek rat kullanıldı. Kontrol grubu; serum fizyolojik periton içi yol ile enjekte edildi, Diyabet grubu; diyabet, streptozotosin kullanılarak oluşturuldu, Arpa çimi grubu; 4 hafta oral olarak arpa çimi suyu (3 ml/sıçan/gün) verildi, Diyabet+Arpa çimi grubu; streptozotosin ile diyabet oluşturuldu ve 4 hafta boyunca arpa çimi suyu oral olarak verildi.
Bulgular: Arpa çimi suyu, streptozotosin kaynaklı diyabette kan şekeri, glikoz, HemoglobinA1c, toplam oksidatif durum ve oksidatif stres gösterge değerlerini düşürdüğü, toplam antioksidan değerini ve canlı ağırlıkları arttırdığı belirlendi. Ayrıca arpa çimi suyu ilavesinin bu parametreler üzerinde belirgin koruyucu etki ve iyileşme sağladığı tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Bu bulgulardan yola çıkarak arpa çimi suyunun şeker hastalığında anti-diyabetik, anti-oksidan etki gösterdiği ve kilo kaybını önlediğini söyleyebiliriz.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Kaynakça

  • Zeng Y, Pu X, Du J et al. Molecular mechanism of functional ingredients in barley to combat human chronic diseases. oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. Oxid Med Cell Long (3836172) 2020. Available from: URL: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2020/3836172/. Date of Access: 19.01.2023.
  • Acar O, Türkan I, Özdemir F. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in drought sensitive and resistant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2001; 23:351-356.
  • Lachman J, Hejtmánková A, Orsák M, Popov M, Martinek P. Tocotrienols and tocopherols in colored-grain wheat, tritordeum and barley. Food chemistry 2018; 240:725-735.
  • Do TDT, Cozzolino D, Muhlhausler B, Box A, Able AJ. Antioxidant capacity and vitamin E in barley: Effect of genotype and storage. Food chemistry 2015; 187:65-74.
  • Erel O. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clinical biochemistry 2004; 37:112-119.
  • Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical biochemistry 2005; 38:1103-1111.
  • Yang JL, Weissman L, Bohr VA, Mattson MP. Mitochondrial DNA damage and repair in neurodegenerative disorders. DNA repair 2008;7: 1110-1120.
  • Vincent AM, Russell JW, Low P, Feldman EL. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Endocrine reviews 2004; 25:612-628.
  • Çelik R, Mert M, Comba B, Mert N. Effects of cinnamaldehyde on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, some biochemical and hematological parameters in diabetic rats. Biomarkers 2022; 27:270–277
  • Mis L, Comba B, Uslu S, Yeltekin A. Effect of Wheatgrass on DNA damage, oxidative stress ındex and histological findings in Diabetic Rats. International Journal of Morphology 2018; 36:1235-1240.
  • Comba B, Taş A, Comba A, Yurdakul İ, Yörük İH. Effect of sildenafil citrate on MDA, GSH, retinol, vitamin D3 and α-tocoferole levels in wound healing: diabetic rat model. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 2015; 9: 82-85.
  • Taş A, Karasu A, Comba B, Aksu D, Düz E. Effects of sildenafil citrate on the hematological parameters in the early phase of wound healing in diabetic rats. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2011; 6: 290-296.
  • Gorogawa S, Kajimoto Y, Umayahara Y et al. Probucol preserves pancreatic β-cell function through reduction of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2002; 57: 1-10.
  • Comba B, Mis L, Uslu S, Comba A The effect of barley grass on antioxidant capacity and DNA damage in rat with renal failure. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 2017; 26: 6135-6140.
  • Mis L, Comba B, Basbugan Y, Yasar S, Comba A. Assessment of the wheatgrass effects on antıoxıdant capacıty and dna damage ın rats wıth experımental renal faılure. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 2019; 28: 2876-2879.
  • Comba B, Oto G, Mis L, Özdemir H, Comba A. Effects of borax on inflammation, haematological parameters and total oxidant-antioxidant status in rats applied 3–methylcholanthrene - Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2016;22:539-544
  • Comba A, Oto G, Comba B, Ozdemir H, Keskin S. Effects of boric acid on proinflammation cytokines, total oxidativeantioxidative status and hematological parameters in rats applied benzo(a)pyrene, Fresenıus Envıronmental Bulletın 2020;29:3599-3605.
  • Yildirim S, Oto G, Comba B, Ekin S, Cinar DA. An investigation of the protective effects of resveratrol on some biochemical parameters and histopathological findings in experimentally-induced chronic flurosis in rats. Fluoride 2017; 50:365-373
  • Vadi M, Comba B. Effect of Resveratrol on Total Oxidative-Antioxidative Status and DNA Damage in Rats Induced Methotrexate. Cumhuriyet University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2022; 7: 84-91.
  • Pham-Huy LA, He H, Pham-Huy C. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. Int J Biomed Sci. 2008;4: 89-96.
  • Piconi L, Quagliaro L, Ceriello A. Oxidative stress in diabetes. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 2003;41:1144-1149.
  • Park KS, Kim JH, Kim MS et al. Effects of insulin and antioxidant on plasma 8-hydroxyguanine and tissue 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 2001;50:2837-2841.
  • Huang CS, Hu ML. Lycopene inhibits DNA damage and reduces hMTH1 mRNA expression in the liver of Mongolian gerbils treated with ferric nitrilotriacetate. Food and chemical toxicology 2011; 49:1381-1386.
  • Falcioni G, Fedeli D, Tiano L et al. Antioxidant activity of wheat sprouts extract in vitro: inhibition of DNA oxidative damage. Journal of food science 2002; 67: 2918-2922.
  • Sancar A, Lindsey-Boltz LA, Kang TH, Reardon JT, Lee JH, Ozturk N Circadian clock control of the cellular response to DNA damage. FEBS Letters 2010; 584:2618–2625.
  • Cooke MS, Evans MD, Dizdaroglu M, Lunec J. Oxidative DNA damage: mechanisms, mutation, and disease. The FASEB Journal 2003;17:1195-1214.
  • Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev. 2010; 4:118-126.
  • Ristow M, Schmeisser K. Mitohormesis. Promoting health and lifespan by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dose Response 2014; 12: 288–341.
  • Tunali S, Yanardag R. Effect of vanadyl sulfate on the status of lipid parameters and on stomach and spleen tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacological research 2006; 53:271-277.
  • Salehi B, Martorell M, Arbiser JL. et al, Antioxidants: positive or negative actors? Biomolecules, 2018;8:124.
  • Maldonado PD, Barrera D, Medina-Campos ON, Hernández-Pando R, Ibarra-Rubio ME, Pedraza-Chaverrı- J. Aged garlic extract attenuates gentamicin induced renal damage and oxidative stress in rats. Life Sciences 2003; 73:2543-2556.
  • Kavutcu M, Canbolat O, Ozturk S. et al. Reduced enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism in kidney tissues from gentamicin-treated guinea pigs: effects of vitamins E and C. Nephron 1996;72:269-274.
  • Komosińska-Vassev K, Olczyk K, Olczyk P, Winsz-Szczotka K. Effects of metabolic control and vascular complications on indices of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2005; 68: 207-216.
  • Kutlu M, Naziroglu M, Simsek H, Yilmaz T, Kükner AS. Moderate exercise combined with dietary vitamins C and E counteracts oxidative stress in the kidney and lens of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research 2005; 75: 71-80.
  • Gokkusu C, Palanduz S, Ademoğlu E, Tamer S. Oxidant and antioxidant systems in NIDDM patients: influence of vitamin E supplementation. Endocrine research 2001; 27: 377-386.
  • Gangopadhyay N, Rai DK, Brunton NP, Gallagher E, Hossain MB. Antioxidant-guided isolation and mass spectrometric identification of the major polyphenols in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain. Food chemistry 2016; 210, 212-220.
  • Yu YM, Chang WC, Chang CT, Hsieh CL, Tsai CE. Effects of young barley leaf extract and antioxidative vitamins on LDL oxidation and free radical scavenging activities in type 2 diabetes Diabetes Metab. 2002; 28:107-114.
  • Idehen E, Tang Y, Sang S. Bioactive phytochemicals in barley. journal of food and drug analysis 2017; 25: 148-161.
  • Tian MJ, Song JN, Liu PP, Su LH, Sun CH, Li Y. Effects of beta glucan in highland barley on blood glucose and serum lipid in high fat-induced C57 mouse. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi 2013; 47:55-58.
  • Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P, Taylor CA. Double-blind randomised controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the postprandial glucose response of healthy volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition 2015; 113: 1373-1383.
  • Soong YY, Tan SP, Leong LP, Henry JK. Total antioxidant capacity and starch digestibility of muffins baked with rice, wheat, oat, corn and barley flour. Food chemistry 2014; 164:462-469.
  • Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Movahedian A, Hakim-Elahi I. Effect of Hordeum vulgare L.(Barley) on blood glucose levels of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Research in pharmaceutical sciences 2014;9:173-176.
  • Khalaf G, Mohamed AG. Effect of barley (Hordeum vulgare) on the liver of diabetic rats: Histological and biochemical study. Egypt J Histol 2008; 31: 245-255.
  • Babu PS, Prabuseenivasan S, Ignacimuthu S. Cinnamaldehyde—a potential antidiabetic agent. Phytomedicine 2007;14:15-22.
  • Dilworth L, Facey A, Omoruyi F. Diabetes mellitus and its metabolic complications: the role of adipose tissues. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22:7644.
  • Anand, P, Murali K, Tandon V, Murthy P, Chandra R. Insulinotropic effect of cinnamaldehyde on transcriptional regulation of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and GLUT4 translocation in experimental diabetic rats. Chemico-biological interactions 2010; 186: 72-81.
  • Zhang J, Xiao X, Dong Y, Shi L, Xu T, Wu F. The anti-obesity effect of fermented barley extracts with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diet-induced obese rats. Food & Function 2017; 8: 1132-1143.
  • Clarke L, Sweeney T, Curley E, Duffy S, Rajauria, G, O’doherty J. The variation in chemical composition of barley feed with or without enzyme supplementation influences nutrient digestibility and subsequently affects performance in piglets. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 2018; 102: 799-809.
  • Ghaffarzadegan T, Zhong Y, Hållenius FF, Nyman M. Effects of barley variety, dietary fiber and β-glucan content on bile acid composition in cecum of rats fed low-and high-fat diets. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2018;53:104-110.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Arzu Comba 0000-0001-9462-8998

Leyla Mis 0000-0002-5110-2862

Devrim Sarıpınar Aksu 0000-0003-2524-6026

Yıldıray Basbugan 0000-0001-5124-7853

Bahat Comba 0000-0002-3419-4144

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Nisan 2023
Kabul Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Comba A, Mis L, Sarıpınar Aksu D, Basbugan Y, Comba B. Effect of Barley Grass on Antioxidant Capacity and DNA Damage in Diabetic Rats. Hitit Medical Journal. Ekim 2023;5(3):149-155. doi:10.52827/hititmedj.1281145