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Öz

In all emigrant societies, a social separation between emigrants and both second generation, and natives, is imposed by the ethnic majority and this separation creates a sociologically complex fault line. Built on comparison and contrast, this article offers a good opportunity to understand the concepts associated with boundary processes of second-generation Mexicans in the U.S., North Africans in France, and Turks in Germany, and the discrepancies among these generations. The difference between bright boundaries, which involve no ambiguity about membership, and blurred ones, which do, is hypothesized to be associated with the probability and processes of assimilation and exclusion. The authors have examined the major factors such as citizenship, religion, language, and race on the institutionalization of boundaries. The results of analysis lead to the conclusion that blurred boundaries generally characterize the situation of Mexicans in the U.S., and bright boundaries characterize the European context for Muslim groups although race the great, is not understood well

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Assimilation, Ethnic Boundaries, Race, Religion, Second Generation

NET VE BULANIK SINIRLAR: FRANSA, ALMANYA VE AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİNDE İKİNCİ NESİL ASİMİLE VE DIŞLANMASI

Öz

Sosyolojik olarak, tüm göçmen topluluklarda, bir taraftan göçmenlerle ikinci kuşak diğer taraftan yerli halk arasındaki toplumsal ayrışma, etnik çoğunluk tarafından dayatılır ve bu ayrışma, karmaşık bir fay hattı oluşturur/ortaya çıkarır. Bir karşılaştırma üzerine kurulan bu makale, ikinci nesil Amerika’daki Meksikalılar, Fransa’daki Kuzey Afrikalılar ve Almanya’daki Türklerin sınır süreçleri ile ilgili kavramlar ve bu nesiller arasındaki farklılıkları anlamak için çok iyi bir fırsat sunmaktadır. Aidiyet hakkında hiçbir belirsizlik içermeyen net sınırlar ile fluluk (belirsizlik) içeren sınırlar arasındaki fark; asimilasyan ve dışlanma süreçleri ve ihtimali ile ilişkili varsayılmıştır. Aidiyet sınırlarının kurumsallaşmasındaki önemli etkiler olarak vatandaşlık, din, dil ve ırk ele alınanak incelendi. Çalışmanın analizlerinin belirgin sonuçları bizi; bulanık sınırlar için Amerika’daki Meksikalılara; büyük ırk her ne kadar iyi anlaşılmasa da net sınırlar için ise Avrupa’da ki Müslüman grupların hayatı ile karakterize edildiği yöne götürüyor.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asimilasyon, Etnik Sınırlar, Irk, Din, İkinci Nesil, Sosyal Dışlanma

Kaynakça

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