Bioassays of Entomopathogen Nematode Steinernema feltiae All Type Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Tur- H2 Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1, 39 - 44, 01.01.2007

Işık Oğuzoğlu Nurdan Özer

Öz

Steinernema feltiae Filipjev 1934 Rhabditida: Steinernematidae which was isolated on the Black Sea coast as the first record of entomopathogenic nematodes, has been cultivated for almost ten years in the Ecological Sciences laboratories in Biology Department of Hacettepe University since its first isolation. In this study, the infection potential of S. feltiae All type isolate has been evaluated in different conditions and compared with Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1970 Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae , o another entomopathogenic nematode species. The optimum temperature has been shown to be 25 C. A longer contact time resulted in higher infection efficiency. A smaller diameter of the petri-dishes where the host and nematodes were in contact, also increased the efficiency. Among the arthropod hosts, Plodia interpunctella Lepidoptera: Pyralidae showed the highest susceptibility after Galleria mellonella Lepidoptera: Galleridae which is the most appropriate host for entomopathogen nematodes. Musca domestica Diptera: Muscidae and Aedes aegypti Diptera: Culicidae larva were seen as the least sensitive hosts regarding their susceptibility to both entomopathogenic nematodes

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entomopathogen nematodes, Steinernema feltiae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Kaynakça

• 1. Lindengeren, J.E., Vail, P.V. Suscebtibility of Mediterranean fruit fly, melon fly and oriental fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to the emtomogenous nematode Steinernema feltiae in laboratory tests. Environ. Entomol. 465, 1986.
• 2. Shetlar, D.J., Suleman, P.E., Georgis, R. Irrigation and use of entomopathogenous nematodes Neoplectana spp. And Hetererhobitis heliothidis (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) for control of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera. Scarabaeidae) grubs in turfgrass. J. Econ. Entomol. 81: 1318, 1988.
• 3. Mauldin, J.K., Beal, R.H. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of subterranean termites, Reticulitermes spp. (Isoptera: Rhinotermitadae). J. Econ. Entomol. 82: 1628, 1989.
• 4. Schroeder, W.J. Laboratory bioassays and field trials of entomogenous nematodes for control of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in citrus. Environ. Entomol. 16: 987, 1989.
• 5. Gaugler, R., Kaya, H.K. Entomopathogenic nematodes in Biological Control. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton. 365 p. 1990.
• 6. Gaugler, R. Entomopathogenic Nematology. CABI Publishing. Wallingford, UK, New York. 388 p. 2002.
• 7. Özer, N., Keskin, N., Kýrbas, Z. Occurence of Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae: Heterorhabditidae) in Turkey. Nematologica. 41: 639- 640, 1995.
• 8. Kepenekçi, İ., Babaroðlu, N., Öztürk, G., Halıcı, S. Türkiye için yeni bir nematod Heterorhabditis bacteriophora th Poinar 1976 ( Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). 4 Proceedings of the Biological Control Congress, Adana, Turkey, 26-29 January 1999.
• 9. Kepenekçi, İ., Susurluk, A. Türkiye için yeni bir entomopatojen nematod türü. Tarým bilimleri dergisi. 6: 1, 2000.
• 10. Kepenekçi, İ., Öztürk, G. Türkiye için yeni bir entomopatojen nematod: Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser, 1965) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 25: 23-31, 2001
• 11. Hazýr, S., Stock, P.S., Keskin, N. A new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema anatoliense n. sp. ( Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Turkey. Systematic Parasitology. 55: 211-220, 2003.
• 12. Hominick, W.M., Reid, A.P., Bohan, D.A and Briscoe, B.R Entomopathogenic nematodes: Biodiversity, geographical distribution and the convention on biological diversity. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 6: 317-331, 1996.
• 13. Oguzoglu Ünlü, I., Özer, N. Evaluation of the Reproductive Potential and Competition between two entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Poinar 1976 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Poinar 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). Turk J Biol. 27: 149-155, 2003.
• 14. Kaya, H.K., Stock, P. Techniques in insect nematology. Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. Academic Press Limited, 281-324. 1997
• 15. Nguyen, K.B., Smart, GC. Idendification of Entomopathogen nematodes in the Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae ( Nemata: Steinernematidae). J. of Nematology. 28 (3): 286-300, 1996
• 16. Fenton, A., Hudson, P.J. Optimal infection strategies: should macroparasites hedge their bets? OIKOS 96: 92- 101. 2002.
• 17. Fenton, A., Rands, S.A. Optimal parasite infection strategies: a state-dependent approach. Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2004.
• 18. Hazýr, S., Stock, P.S., Kaya, H.K., Koppenhofer, M., Keskin, N. Developmental Temperature Effects on Five Geographic isolates of the Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema feltiae ( Nematoda: Steinernematidae). J. of Invertebrate Pathology. 77: 243-250, 2001.
• 19. Saunders, J.E., Webster, J.M. Temperature effects on Heterorhabditis megidis and Steinernema carpocapsae infectivity of Galleria mellonella. J. of Nematology, 31( 3): 299-304, 1999.
• 20. Mason, J.M., Hominick, W.M. The effect of temperature on infection, development and reproduction of Heterorhabditis. J.of Helminthology. 69: 337-345, 1995.
• 21. Poinar, G.O.Jr. Taxonomy and Biology of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae. In: Gaugler R., Kaya, H.K (eds). Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton. Florida, pp: 23-61.1990.
• 22. Schlesinger, M.J. Heat shock proteins. J. of Biological Chemistry. 265: 12111-12114. 1990.