Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 52 Sayı: 4, 253 - 260, 11.10.2024
Biter Boğa İnaltekin
,
Ceren Oktar
,
Ebru Kondolot Solak
Proje Numarası
FDK-2023-8877
Kaynakça
- J. M. Bokelmann, Medicinal Herbs in Primary Care An Evidence-Guided Reference for Healthcare Providers, Elsevier, 2021.
- S. Yevgenia, D. Iluz, Y.K. Tahan, Z. Dubinsky, and Y. Yehoshua, Natural antioxidants: function and sources, Food and Nutrition Sciences, 4 (2013) 643-649.
- K.J. Joshipura, F.B. Hu, J.E .Manson, M.J. Stampfer, E.B. Rimm, F.E. Speizer, G. Colditz, A. Ascherio, B. Rosner, D. Spiegelman, W.C. Willett, The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease, Annals of Internal Medicine, 134 (2001) 1106-1114.
- S.N. Bhupathiraju, N.M. Wedick, A. Pan, J.E. Manson, K.M. Rexrode, W.C. Willett, E.B. Rimm, F.B. Hu, Quantity and variety in fruit and vegetable intake and risk of coronary heart disease, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98 (2013) 1514-1523.
- D. Aune, E. Giovannucci, P. Boffetta, L.T. Fadnes, N. Keum, T. Norat, D.C. Greenwood, E. Riboli, L.J. Vatten, S. Tonstad, Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies, International Journal of Epidemiology, 46 (2017) 1029-1056.
- V. Miller, A. Mente, M. Dehghan, S. Rangarajan, X. Zhang, S. Swaminathan, G. Dagenais, R. Gupta, V. Mohan, S. Lear, S.I. Bangdiwala, Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study, The Lancet, 390 (2017) 2037-2049.
- T.F. Slater, Free radicals and tissue injury: Fact and fiction, Br. J. Cancer, 55 (1987) 5-10.
- B. Halliwell, J.M.C. Gutterridge, Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England, 1985.
- D. Dreher, A.F. Junod, Role of oxygen free radicals in cancer development, Eur. J. Cancer, 32A (1996) 30-38.
- J.A. Knight, Reactive oxygen species and the neurodegenerative disorders, Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 27 (1997) 11-25.
- K.K. Soudhamini, R. Kuttan, Inhibition of chemical carcinogenesis by curcumin, J. Ethnopharmacol, 27 (1989) 227-233.
- J.K. Jose, R. Kuttan, Antioxidant activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn, J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., 19 (1995) 63-70.
- R.D Loggia, A. Tubaro, S. Sosa, H. Becker, S. Saar, O. Issac, The role of triterpenoids in the topical antiinflammatory activity of Calendula flowers, Plant Med., 60 (1994) 516-520.
- S.G. Rao, A.L. Udupa, G. Rao, P.G.M. Rao, D.R. Kulkarni, Wound healing activity of Calendula officinalis, Fitoterapia, 62 (1991) 508.
- K.C. Preethi, R. Kuttan, Wound healing activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis, J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol., 20 (2009) 73-9.
- K.C. Preethi, G. Kuttan, R. Kuttan, Antioxidant Potential of an Extract of Calendula officinalis, Flowers in Vitro and in Vivo., Pharmaceutical Biology, 44 (2006) 691-697.
- A. Zygler, M. Słomińska, J. Namieśnik, Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation Analytical Techniques for Scientists, 2 (2012) 65-82.
- R. Rakhee, J. Mishra, R. K. Sharma, K. Misra, Management of High Altitude Pathophysiology, Academic Press, India, 2018.
- S. Farooq, S.A. Mir, M.A. Shah, A. Manickavasagan, Plant Extracts: Applications in the Food Industry, Academic Press, India, 2022.
- A.C. Gonçalves, C. Bento, F. Jesus, G. Alves, L.R. Silva, Identification, Characterization, and Health Benefits, Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Elsevier, 2018.
- S. Baliyan, R. Mukherjee, A. Priyadarshini, A. Vibhuti, A. Gupta, R.P. Pandey, C.M. Chang, Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus Religiosa, Molecules, 16 (2022) 1326.
- F. S. Martins, E.C. Conceição, E.S. Bandeira, J.C. Silva, R.M. Costa, The effects of extraction method on recovery rutin from Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae), Phcog. Mag., 10 (2014) 569-573.
Unlocking the Antioxidant Potential of Calendula Officinalis: A Comparative Study of Extraction Methods
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 52 Sayı: 4, 253 - 260, 11.10.2024
Biter Boğa İnaltekin
,
Ceren Oktar
,
Ebru Kondolot Solak
Öz
Calendula officinalis which is also known as marigold is a species of plant in the daisy family that has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, and antitumor properties. In this study we tried to analyze the antioxidant activity of calendula officinalis flowers extract. Three different extraction methods that are soxhlet, maceration, and ultrasonic procedures are applied to the calendula officinalis flowers and antioxidant activities for each extract is analyzed and compared.
Methods: In this study, soxhlet, maceration and ultrasonic extraction methods and ethanol solvent are used to obtain calendula officinalis extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts with different concentration are investigated under DPPH solution.
Results: DPPH radical scavenging activity for the extract obtained using soxhlet procedure is higher than the other two procedures that are maceration and ultrasonic. With increasing calendula officinalis extract concentration, it is observed that the antioxidant activity is also increased as expected.
Conclusions: In conclusion, calendula officinalis flowers perform very high antioxidant property and the soxhlet method can be considered as the best method for the extraction. Further researches for the application of the extract can be studied.
Destekleyen Kurum
Gazi University Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit
Proje Numarası
FDK-2023-8877
Kaynakça
- J. M. Bokelmann, Medicinal Herbs in Primary Care An Evidence-Guided Reference for Healthcare Providers, Elsevier, 2021.
- S. Yevgenia, D. Iluz, Y.K. Tahan, Z. Dubinsky, and Y. Yehoshua, Natural antioxidants: function and sources, Food and Nutrition Sciences, 4 (2013) 643-649.
- K.J. Joshipura, F.B. Hu, J.E .Manson, M.J. Stampfer, E.B. Rimm, F.E. Speizer, G. Colditz, A. Ascherio, B. Rosner, D. Spiegelman, W.C. Willett, The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease, Annals of Internal Medicine, 134 (2001) 1106-1114.
- S.N. Bhupathiraju, N.M. Wedick, A. Pan, J.E. Manson, K.M. Rexrode, W.C. Willett, E.B. Rimm, F.B. Hu, Quantity and variety in fruit and vegetable intake and risk of coronary heart disease, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98 (2013) 1514-1523.
- D. Aune, E. Giovannucci, P. Boffetta, L.T. Fadnes, N. Keum, T. Norat, D.C. Greenwood, E. Riboli, L.J. Vatten, S. Tonstad, Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies, International Journal of Epidemiology, 46 (2017) 1029-1056.
- V. Miller, A. Mente, M. Dehghan, S. Rangarajan, X. Zhang, S. Swaminathan, G. Dagenais, R. Gupta, V. Mohan, S. Lear, S.I. Bangdiwala, Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study, The Lancet, 390 (2017) 2037-2049.
- T.F. Slater, Free radicals and tissue injury: Fact and fiction, Br. J. Cancer, 55 (1987) 5-10.
- B. Halliwell, J.M.C. Gutterridge, Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England, 1985.
- D. Dreher, A.F. Junod, Role of oxygen free radicals in cancer development, Eur. J. Cancer, 32A (1996) 30-38.
- J.A. Knight, Reactive oxygen species and the neurodegenerative disorders, Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 27 (1997) 11-25.
- K.K. Soudhamini, R. Kuttan, Inhibition of chemical carcinogenesis by curcumin, J. Ethnopharmacol, 27 (1989) 227-233.
- J.K. Jose, R. Kuttan, Antioxidant activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn, J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., 19 (1995) 63-70.
- R.D Loggia, A. Tubaro, S. Sosa, H. Becker, S. Saar, O. Issac, The role of triterpenoids in the topical antiinflammatory activity of Calendula flowers, Plant Med., 60 (1994) 516-520.
- S.G. Rao, A.L. Udupa, G. Rao, P.G.M. Rao, D.R. Kulkarni, Wound healing activity of Calendula officinalis, Fitoterapia, 62 (1991) 508.
- K.C. Preethi, R. Kuttan, Wound healing activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis, J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol., 20 (2009) 73-9.
- K.C. Preethi, G. Kuttan, R. Kuttan, Antioxidant Potential of an Extract of Calendula officinalis, Flowers in Vitro and in Vivo., Pharmaceutical Biology, 44 (2006) 691-697.
- A. Zygler, M. Słomińska, J. Namieśnik, Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation Analytical Techniques for Scientists, 2 (2012) 65-82.
- R. Rakhee, J. Mishra, R. K. Sharma, K. Misra, Management of High Altitude Pathophysiology, Academic Press, India, 2018.
- S. Farooq, S.A. Mir, M.A. Shah, A. Manickavasagan, Plant Extracts: Applications in the Food Industry, Academic Press, India, 2022.
- A.C. Gonçalves, C. Bento, F. Jesus, G. Alves, L.R. Silva, Identification, Characterization, and Health Benefits, Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Elsevier, 2018.
- S. Baliyan, R. Mukherjee, A. Priyadarshini, A. Vibhuti, A. Gupta, R.P. Pandey, C.M. Chang, Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus Religiosa, Molecules, 16 (2022) 1326.
- F. S. Martins, E.C. Conceição, E.S. Bandeira, J.C. Silva, R.M. Costa, The effects of extraction method on recovery rutin from Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae), Phcog. Mag., 10 (2014) 569-573.