Crop classification using multi-temporal polarimetric SAR data

Öz

This study evaluates the use of multi-temporal Polarimetric SAR (Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar, PolSAR) images for crop classification. Multi-temporal polarimetric SAR images could be very advantageous for crop classification especially in time-critical agricultural projects. Within this research, three types of machine learning algorithms (light gradient boosting machines (LightGBM), random forest (RF) and support vector machines (SVM)) were utilized for the classification of five crops (maize, potato, wheat, sunflower, and alfalfa). From the multi-temporal PolSAR data, the original features (i.e. linear backscatter coefficients) of Radarsat-2 were extracted and incorporated into the classification step. The overall classification accuracies were obtained as 0.857 (±0.026), 0.855 (±0.033) and 0.834 (±0.039) for LightGBM, RF and SVM, respectively. The difference between the accuracies obtained by LightGBM and random forest (RF) was found to be statistically non-significant based upon the McNemar’s test. K-fold cross validation was used to assess the classification results. Furthermore, these results showed the added benefits of multi-temporal PolSAR data for crop classification.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Polarimetric SAR,Classification,Remote sensing,Agriculture

Proje Numarası

FBA-2017-3062

Çok zamanlı polarimetrik SAR verileri ile tarımsal ürünlerin sınıflandırılması

Öz

Bu çalışma, çok zamanlı Polarimetrik SAR (Polarimetrik Sentetik Açıklıklı Radar, PolSAR) görüntülerinin tarımsal ürünlerin sınıflandırılmasındaki kullanımını araştırmaktadır. Çok zamanlı PolSAR görüntüleri, özellikle zamansal izlemenin önemli olduğu tarım projelerinde önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, beş farklı ürünün (mısır, patates, buğday, ayçiçeği ve yem bitkisi) sınıflandırılması amacıyla üç farklı makine öğrenme algoritması (hafif gradyan hızlandırma makineleri (Light Gradient Boosting Machines, LightGBM), rastgele orman (RO) ve destek vektör makineleri (DVM)) kullanılmıştır. PolSAR verisi olarak, çok zamanlı Radarsat-2 SAR görüntülerine ait doğrusal geri saçılım değerlerini içeren orijinal bantlar kullanılmıştır. Sınıflandırmalara ilişkin genel doğruluk değerleri LightGBM, RO ve DVM algoritmaları için sırasıyla 0.857 (±0.026), 0.855 (±0.033) ve 0.834 (±0.039) olarak elde edilmiştir. McNemar testi sonuçlarına göre, en yüksek iki sınıflandırma doğruluğu arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı görülmüştür. Sınıflandırma sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi aşamasında k-katlamalı çapraz doğrulama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca bu sonuçlar, çok zamanlı PolSAR verilerinin tarımsal ürünlerin sınıflandırılmasında etkin bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Polarimetrik SAR,Sınıflandırma,Uzaktan Algılama,Tarım

Destekleyen Kurum

Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi (YTÜ) Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

FBA-2017-3062

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi (YTÜ) Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü tarafından FBA-2017-3062 kodlu proje kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Destekleri için Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi (YTÜ) Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne teşekkür ederiz.

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