ETHICAL AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES IN GAMET DONATION PRACTICES

Öz

Gamete donation, one of the assisted reproductive techniques, offers new opportunities for individuals and couples affected by infertility, genetic disorders, or age-related fertility decline. Beyond its medical importance, gamete donation has generated global ethical and legal debates shaped by cultural norms, religious beliefs, and regulatory frameworks. This review aims to examine the medical, social, legal, and ethical dimensions of gamete donation across countries. It summarizes medical indications and psychosocial effects on donors, recipients, and donor-conceived children, while also evaluating international approaches to donor selection, anonymity, and transparency, highlighting the major distinctions between liberal and restrictive regulatory systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Assisted reproductive techniques
• ethics
• gamete donation
• law.

GAMET DONASYONU UYGULAMALARINDA ETİK VE YASAL PERSPEKTİFLER

Öz

Yardımcı üreme tekniklerinden biri olan gamet donasyonu, infertilite, genetik bozukluklar veya yaşa bağlı fertilitenin azalması gibi nedenlerle bireylere ve çiftlere yeni fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Tıbbi önemi dışında, gamet donasyonu çeşitli kültürel normlar, dini inançlar ve düzenleyici çerçeveler tarafından şekillendirilmiş, dünya çapında önemli etik ve yasal tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Bu derlemenin amacı, farklı ülkelerdeki gamet bağışı uygulamalarının tıbbi, sosyal, hukuki ve etik boyutlarını analiz etmektir. Derleme, gamet donasyonunun tıbbi endikasyonlarını ve donörler, alıcılar ile donörden doğan çocuklar üzerindeki psikososyal etkileri özetlemektedir. Ayrıca donör seçimi, anonimlik ve şeffaflığa ilişkin farklı uluslararası yaklaşımları değerlendirerek, liberal ve kısıtlayıcı sistemler arasındaki temel farklara dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etik
• gamet donasyonu
• yardımcı üreme teknikleri
• yasa.

Kaynakça

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