ÇOCUK HASTALARDA KORONAVIRÜS HASTALIĞININ (COVID-19) ERKEN DÖNEM ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 79 - 98, 31.10.2020

Abdullah Sarman , Suat Tuncay , Emine Sarman

Öz

Amaç: Koronavirus hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) salgını, ilk kez 2019 yılı Aralık ayında ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu virüs şimdiye kadar yüz binlerce insanı etkilemiş, on binlercesinde ölüme neden olmuştur. Yapılan çalışmaların çoğunun yetişkinlerle ilgili olduğu bilinmektedir. Çocuklarda semptomların niteliği ve hastalığın genel sürecine ilişkin verilerin yeterli olmadığı görülmüştür.
Yöntem: İnceleme için 1 Ocak-27 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında PubMed, Science Direct üzerinden açık erişime sunulan ve çocuklarda “SARS-CoV-2”, “koronavirüs”, “COVID-19”, “çocuk” anahtar terimleri yardımıyla sistematik bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada 45 bilimsel makale, COVID-19 önleme planı ve kılavuz olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İnceleme sonuçları çocuklarda tespit edilen COVID-19 vakalarının tüm vakaların %1-5'ini oluşturduğunu, hasta çocukların yetişkinlerden daha hafif bir hastalık süreci geçirdiğini ve ölümlerin nadir olduğunu göstermiştir. Çocukların yetişkinlere benzer şekilde yüksek ateş ve solunum rahatsızlıkları ile hastaneye başvurduğu belirlenmiştir. Çocuklarda tedavi için oksijen, inhalasyon ve beslenme desteği ile hemodinamik parametrelerinin stabilize edilebildiği bu sayede vücudun sıvı-elektrolit ve asit-baz dengesinin korunarak iltihabi reaksiyonların düzeltilebileceği görülmüştür.
Sonuç: COVID-19 ile enfekte çocukların erişkin hastalara oranla neden daha hafif bir hastalık süreci geçirdiklerini açıklayabilmek için daha ileri çalışmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, Koronavirüs, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

REVIEW OF EARLY STAGE EFFECTS OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

Öz

Objective: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in December 2019. This virus has affected hundreds of thousands of people so far, causing deaths in tens of thousands. It is known that most of the studies are related to adults. Data on the nature of symptoms and the general process of the disease in children were not sufficient.
Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using PubMed, ScienceDirect databases between 1 January-27 March 2020. The review was searched for relevant terms related to "SARS-CoV-2", "coronavirus", "COVID-19", "child".
Results: In the study, 45 scientific articles, COVID-19 prevention plan and guideline were determined. The results of the investigation showed that COVID-19 cases detected in children constitute 1-5% of all cases, child patients had a mild disease process than adults and deaths were rare. It was determined that children admitted to the hospital with high fever and respiratory diseases similar to adults. It has been observed that hemodynamic parameters can be stabilized with oxygen, inhalation and nutritional support for treatment in children, thereby protecting the fluid-electrolyte and acid-base balance of the body and thereby correcting inflammatory reactions.
Conclusion: Further studies are needed to explain why children infected with COVID-19 have a milder disease process than adult patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child, Coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

Kaynakça

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