Başarının, Grup Üyeliğinin ve Güvenilir Olmanın Kıskançlık, Hakçalık ve Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu, başkalarının başına gelen talihsiz bir olay karşısında sevinmek olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Mevcut araştırmanın amacı hedef kişinin başarısının, grup üyeliğinin ve güvenilir olmasının kıskançlık, hakçalık ve başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 139 üniversite öğrencisi (35 erkek, 104 kadın) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın deseni 2 (başarı düzeyi: yüksek veya düşük) x 2 (grup üyeliği: iç veya dış grup) x 2 (güvenilirlik düzeyi: yüksek veya düşük) karma ANOVA desenidir. Araştırmanın koşullarından birine seçkisiz atanan katılımcılar, bir hedef kişinin başarısının ve grup üyeliğinin değişimlendiği hikâyenin ilk bölümünü okuduktan sonra Kıskançlık Ölçeği'ni ve hedef kişinin güvenilirliğinin değişimlendiği ikinci bölümü okuduktan sonra ise sırasıyla Başkasının Üzüntüsüne Sevinme Ölçeği ve Hakçalık Ölçeği'ni doldurmuşlardır. Analizler, hedef kişinin güvenilir olma düzeyinin başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu ve hakçalık üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Hedef kişinin güvenilir olmadığı koşulda katılımcılar daha fazla başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu hissetmiş ve talihsiz olayın hak edilebilir olduğunu bildirmişlerdir. Ayrıca, hedef kişinin başarı düzeyinin kıskançlık üzerinde bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Son olarak, elde edilen bulgular hedef kişinin grup üyeliğinin kıskançlık, hakçalık ve başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme duygusu üzerinde bir etkiye sahip olmadığını göstermiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları çeşitli kuramlar (ör: Sosyal Karşılaştırma Kuramı, Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı, Hakçalık Kuramı) kapsamında tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• başkasının üzüntüsüne sevinme
• hakçalık
• kıskançlık
• güvenilir olma

The effect of Success, Group Membership and Trustworthiness on Envy, Deservingness and Schadenfreude

Öz

Schadenfreude is defined as rejoicing in an unfortunate event that happened to others. The present study aims to examine the effect of a target person's success, group membership, and trustworthiness on envy, deservingness, and Schadenfreude. The sample of the study consists of 139 university students (35 males, 104 females). The design of the study is a 2 (achievement level: high or low) x 2 (group membership: in or out-group) x 2 (trustworthiness level: high or low) mixed ANOVA. Firstly, participants were randomly assigned to one of the conditions and completed the Envy Scale after reading the first part of the vignette in which a target person's success and group membership were manipulated. Secondly, participants completed the Schadenfreude Scale and the Deservingness Scale, after reading the second part of the vignette where the target person's trustworthiness was manipulated. The analyses revealed that the level of trustworthiness has a significant effect on Schadenfreude and deservingness. In the condition that the target person was untrustworthy, participants reported more Schadenfreude and deserved. Also, the level of achievement had an effect on envy. Finally, the findings showed that the target person's group membership did not have an effect on Schadenfreude, envy, and deservingness. The findings of the study are discussed within the scope of various theories (eg Social Comparison Theory, Social Identity Theory, Equity Theory).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• schadenfreude
• deservingness
• envy
• trustworthines

Kaynakça

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