Yas Sürecinde Uygulanan Psikolojik Müdahale Yaklaşımlarının Doküman Analizi İle İncelenmesi

Öz

Öznel bir yapıya sahip olan yas sürecini her birey farklı şekilde tamamlamakta ancak bazı bireyler bu süreçte yas danışmanlığı ve yas terapisi gibi profesyonel desteğe gereksinim duymaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı yas sürecinde uygulanan psikolojik yardım müdahalelerinde hangi yaklaşımların/modellerin referans alındığını; müdahale edilen yaş gruplarının nasıl bir dağılım gösterdiğini ve müdahalelerin etkili olup olmadığını incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel veri toplama yöntemi olan doküman analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın dokümanları 2001-2021 yılları arasında yayımlanmış, İngilizce dilinde yazılmış, deneysel çalışma içeriğine sahip makale ve tezlerdir. Bu kapsamda Science Direct, ERIC, Proquest veri tabanlarında, “grief counseling” ve “grief therapy" anahtar kelimeleri ile tarama yapılmış ve araştırmaya dâhil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 41 yayına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan makale ve tezlerde yas sürecinde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi ve Grupla Psikolojik Danışma müdahale yaklaşımlarının/modellerinin ön planda olduğu, ayrıca çocuklar, ergenler, gençler ve yetişkinlerden oluşan örneklem grupları ile çalışıldığı ancak yaşlılardan oluşan örneklem grupları ile yapılan araştırmaların sınırlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, yas sürecinde uygulanan müdahale yaklaşımlarının/modellerinin çoğunlukla etkili olduğu ve grupla yapılan müdahalelerin daha fazla tercih edildiği görülmüş ve bu sonuçlar alanyazın ışığında tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar için araştırmacılara çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yas danışmanlığı
• yas terapisi
• doküman analizi.

Investigation of Psychological Intervention Approaches in the Grief Process by Document Analysis

Öz

Each individual completes the grief process, which has a subjective structure, but some individuals need professional support such as grief counseling and grief therapy in this process. The aim of this research is to determine which approaches/models are taken as reference in psychological help interventions applied during the grieving process; to examine how the age groups intervened are distributed and whether the interventions are effective. In the study, document analysis, which is a qualitative data collection method, was benefited. The documents of the research are articles and theses published between 2001-2021, written in English, with experimental study content. In this context, Science Direct, ERIC, Proquest databases were searched with the keywords "grief counseling" and "grief therapy" and 41 publications meeting the inclusion criteria of the research were reached. In the articles and theses reached in the research, it has been determined that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Group Counseling intervention approaches/models are at the forefront in the grieving process. In addition, it is detected that it is studied with sample groups consisting of children, adolescents, young people, and adults, but studies with sample groups consisting of the elderly are limited. As a result of the research, it was seen that the intervention approaches/models applied in the grieving process were mostly effective and group interventions were preferred more, and these results were discussed in the light of the literature. In addition, various suggestions were presented to researchers for future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• grief counseling
• grief therapy
• document analysis.

Kaynakça

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