Revisiting News Translation in Translation Studies and Translation Training

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 1, 59 - 69, 30.06.2020

Nihal Yetkin Karakoç

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.519750

Cited By: 2

Öz

The printed/online political texts, comprising declarations as well as news texts are known to have a key role in politics, diplomacy and international relations. However, translation studies dealing with news translation having such great significance date back to a recent past, and revolves around ideological manipulations. However, little research is devoted to the conformity of news translation realities with translation training at university level. The study tries to fill this gap, with the following research questions: 1.What are the features distinguishing news translation from the classical translation act? 2.Given the embeddedness of news translation in editing, what can be added to the syllabus of media and communication translation course? The study indicates that the distinguishing features of news translation include the lack of a single source text and the varying translator identity. The radical features of news translation concerning source text, target text and the translator’s stance, being the fundamental elements of translation act compel one to revisit the definition of role, identity and intervention of the translator. The study also tries to help grow an awareness in what problems could be faced in case of a training breaking with news translation realities, and to form a bridge between the two fields, suggests that the interconnection of news translation and editing be included in translation training. With the aim of enabling the students to be better prepared for such a career in psychological and professional terms, the study emphasizes the need to extend the scope of syllabus beyond the development of linguistic and subject-specific skills so as to cover in-class activities for growing awareness in the field, as well as to include activities of writing and translating news through interaction and simulation through teamwork and internships.

Anahtar Kelimeler

News translation, translator role, translator identity, translation studies, translation training

Basındaki Haber Çevirilerine Çeviribilim ve Çeviri Eğitimi Açısından Bir Bakış

Öz

Basılı ve çevrimiçi olarak karşımıza çıkan ve açıklama ve haber metinlerinden oluşan yazılı siyasi metinlerin siyaset, diplomasi ve uluslararası ilişkiler alanında kilit bir role sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Öte yandan böylesine önemli bir yere sahip olan haber çevirisine ait çeviribilim araştırmaları yakın bir geçmişe uzanmaktadır ve alanyazında genel olarak ideolojik yönlendirmeler çerçevesinde tartışılagelmiştir. Ancak haber çevirisinin doğasının lisans düzeyindeki çeviri eğitimiyle uyuşup uyuşmadığı konusuna pek değinilmemiştir. Bu çalışma, şu araştırma soruları ile bu boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamıştır. 1. Haber çevirisinin geleneksel çeviri eylemi ve öğelerinden ayrılan özellikleri nelerdir? 2. Haber çevirisinde çeviri ve editörlüğün birlikteliği düşünüldüğünde, lisans düzeyindeki basın çevirisi ders programına neler eklenebilir? Çalışma, haber çevirisinin geleneksel çeviri eylemi ve öğelerinden ayrılan özellikleri tek kaynak metnin olmaması ve çevirmenin kimliği olarak tesbit etmiştir. Çeviri eyleminin temel unsurları olarak bilinen kaynak, erek metin ve çevirmenin bunlara bakışı konusunda haber çevirisi alanının ezberbozan özellikleri bizi “çevirmen rolü, kimliği ve müdahalesi” tanımı üzerinde yeniden düşünmeye itmektedir. Çalışma, ayrıca, haber çevirisinin gerçeklerinden kopuk bir eğitimin ilgili kariyerde sorunlar getirebileceği yönünde farkındalık yaratmayı amaçlamakta, saha ile akademi arasında bir köprü kurma gayreti içinde, haber çevirisi ve editörlük eyleminin birlikteliğinin çeviri eğitiminde de yerini alması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu amaçla, psikolojik ve mesleki yönden öğrenciyi bu alandaki bir kariyere daha iyi hazırlamaya yönelik olarak, dilsel beceri kazandırma çalışmalarının yanısıra, alan için farkındalık kazandırmaya, etkileşimli olarak ve simulasyonlar ile hem haber çevirisi hem de haber yazımına dönük çalışmalar ve ekip çalışmaları ve stajlarla simulasyonlar ders içeriğine eklenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çevirmen kimliği, Haber çevirisi, çevirmen rolü, çeviribilim, çeviri eğitimi

Kaynakça

• Ayyad A., ve Pym A. (2012). Translator interventions in the Middle-East initiatives. Detours in the roadmap? B. Adab, P.A. Schmidt ve G. Shreve (Haz.) Discourses of Translation Festchrift in honour of Christina Schäffner içinde. (ss.83-100). Frankfurt/ Main: Peter Lang.
• Baker, M. (2005). Translation and Conflict A Narrative Account. Londra/New York: Routledge.
• Bani, S. (2006). “An analysis of press translation process”. Translation in Global News. (ss. 35-45) Coventry: The Centre for Translation and Comparative Cultural Studies.
• Bassnett, S. (2011). The translator as a cultural mediator. K.Malmkjaer ve K.Windle (Haz.), The Oxford Handbook of Translation Studies içinde (ss.94-108). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Bassnett, Susan (2006). Introduction. K. Conway and Susan Bassnett, (Haz.). Translation in Global News. Proceedings of the conference held at the University of Warwick, 23 Haz.2006 içinde. Coventry: University of Warwick, 5-7.
• Bassnett, S. (2005). Bringing the news back home: Strategies of acculturation and foreignization. Language and Intercultural Communication, 5(2), 120-130.
• Bauman, R. ve Briggs, C.L. (1990). Poetics and Performance as Critical Perspectives in Language and Social Life. Annual Review of Anthropology, 19: 59-88.Baydan, E. B. (2013). Çeviri eğitiminde çeviri/çevirmenlik edinci: Problem çözme ve karar verme konusunda bir farkındalık uygulaması. İstanbul Üniversitesi Çeviribilim Dergisi, 7, 103-125. Bielsa, E. ve Bassnett S. (2009). Translation in Global News. London/New York: Routledge.
• Bolaños Cuellar, S. (2008) Deconstructionist and poststructuralist translation approaches: overview and critique. Forma y Funcion. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-338X2008000100014 Erişim: 22.01.2019.
• Bulut, A. (2015). Tercüme Hatası!? İstanbul: Çeviribilim Yayınları.
• Bulut, A. (2008). Basından örneklerle Çeviride İdeoloji İdeolojik Çeviri. İstanbul: Multilingual.
• Conway, K. ve Bassnett, S. (2006). Translation in global news: Proceedings of the conference held at the University of Warwick, 23 Haz. 2006. https://www.ufs.ac.za/docs/librariesprovider20/linguistics-and-language-practice-documents/all-documents/feinauer-translation-in-global-news-proceedings-931-eng.pdf?Status=Master&sfvrsn Erişim: 25.01.2019.
• Conway, K. (2015). News Translation and Culture. Editors’ Introduction. Perspectives. Studies in Translatology, 23(4), 517-520.
• Darwish, A. (2010). Translation and News Making in Contemporary Arabic TV. Melbourne: Writescope Pty.Ltd.
• Davier, L. (2014). The paradoxical invisibility of translation in the highly multilingual context of news agencies. Global Media and Communication, 10(1), 53-72.
• Davis, K. (2001). Deconstruction and Translation. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
• Derrida, J. (1992). “Force of Law: The Mystical foundation of Authority” (Çev.) M.Quaintance, D.Cornell, M.Rosenfeld ve D.Gray Carlson (Haz.). Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice içinde (ss.3-67). London ve New York: Routledge.
• Derrida, J. (1985). Des tours de Babel. J.F. Graham (Haz.) Difference in Translation içinde (ss. 209-48) (İng.çevirisi, aynı sayı, ss.165-207).
• Derrida, J. (1978). Writing and Difference. Londra ve New York: Routledge.
• Derrida, J. (1997/1976). Of grammatology.Çev. G. C. Spivak.
• Dizdar, D. (2006). “Çevirinin sınırları ve çevirmenin sorumlulukları”. Varlık Dergisi, 6, 5-6.
• Dollerup, C. (1994): “Systematic feedback in teaching translation”. C. Dollerup and A. Lingarrd (Haz.), Teaching Translation and Interpreting 2 içinde (ss. 121-132). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• Durban, C. (2004). Demanding clients state their case: Comments on the client round table at La Rochelle. The Journal of Specialized Translation (1), https://www.jostrans.org/issue01/art_durban.php 25.01.2019 Erişim: 25.10.2019.
• Eser, O. (2015). Kıta felsefesinde yapısöküm yaklaşımının çeviri olgusuna etkisi. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(38). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279603175_Kita_Felsefesinde_Yapisokum_Yaklasiminin_Ceviri_Olgusuna_Etkisi
• Fairclough, N. (1995). Media Discourse. London: Arnold.
• Floros, G. (2012). News Translation and Translation Ethics in the Cypriot Context. Meta. 57(4), 924–942.
• Fowler, R.(1991). Language in the News. Discourse and Ideology in the Press. Londra/New York: Routledge.
• Gabr, M. (2001). Toward a Model Approach to Translation Curriculum Development.Translation Journal, 5(2), https://translationjournal.net/journal/16edu.htm.
• Gagnon, C. (2010). When text and translation process meet: Translation in the Prime Minister’s Office. C. Schӓffner ve S. Bassnett (Haz.). Political Discourse, Media and Translation içinde (ss.164-177). GBR: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Gambier, Y. (2016). Rapid and Radical Changes in Translation and Translation Studies. International Journal of Communication, 887-906.
• Gambier, Y. (2010a). Public Communications. Beyond Boundaries. C. Schӓffner ve S. Bassnett (Haz.). Political Discourse, Media, Translation içinde (ss.233-243). GBR: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Gambier, Y. (2010b). Media, Information and translation in the era of globalization. R. Valdeón (Haz.) Translating Information içinde, (ss.13-30). Oviedo: Ediuno.
• Hajmohammadi, A. (2005). Translation evaluation in a news agency. Perspectives: Studies in Translotology, 13:3, 215-224.
• Hatim, B. ve Mason, I. (1993). Discourse and the Translator. New York: Longman.
• Hui, T.T. (2013). The potential of role-playing as a translator training tool: Students’ performance and reflections. New Voices in Translation Studies, 10, 39-53.
• İnce, Ü. ve Dizdar, D. (2017). Çeviri Atölyesi Çeviride Tuzaklar. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
• Jaber, F. (2017). Translating and Representing Citizens’ Quotations of the Syrian Humanitarian Disaster in English-language newspapers: a narrative approach. A doctoral thesis submitted to the University of Ottowa.
• Javandalasta, P., Aprina C., & Kirana, A. W. (2018). Mistranslated news report on Copenhagen shooting in 2015. Human Error or Intentional Act. Etnolingual. 2(1), 73-90.
• Keys, B. ve Wolfe, J. (1988). Management Education and Development: Current Issues and Emerging Trends. Journal of Management 14: 205-229.
• Kiraly, D. (2000). A Social Constructivist Approach to Translator Education: Empowerment from Theory to Practice, Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
• Koskinen, K. (2000). Beyond Ambivalence Postmodernity and the Ethics of Translation. Tampere: University of Tampere.
• Li, X., ve Cheng S. (2011). The Analysis of translators from the perspective of Deconstruction. Asian Social Science, (7)5, 258-262.
• Li, D. (2006). Translators as well as thinkers: Teaching of journalistic translation in Hong Kong. Meta, 51(3), 435-619.
• Loupaki, E. (2010). Investigating translators’ strategies in rendering ideological conflict: The case of news translation. C. Schäffner ve S. Bassnett (Haz.) Political Discourse, Media and Translation: içinde (ss.55-75). GDR: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Mackenzie, R. (2004). The competencies required by the translator ́s roles as a professional. Malmkjaer, K. (Haz.) Translation in Undergraduate Degree Programs içinde (ss. 32-33). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• Moran, B. (1994). Edebiyat Kuramları ve Eleştiri. İstanbul: Cem Yayınevi.
• Nord, C. (2005). Text analysis in translation: Theory, methodology, and didactic application of a model for translation-oriented text analysis. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
• Orengo, A. (2005). Localizing news: Translation and the global national dichotomy. Language and Intercultural Communication, 5(2), 168-187.
• Pormouzeh, A. (2014). Translation as renarration. Critical analysis of Iran’s cultural and political news in English Western Media and Press from 2000 to 2012. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(9), 608-619.
• Pym, A. (2001). Introduction: Return to the Ethics in translation studies. The Translator, 7 (2), 129-138.
• Pym, A. (1993a). On the market as a factor in the training of translators, Koiné 3, 109-121.
• Pym, A. (1993b). Epistemological problems in translation and its teaching. A Seminar for Thinking Students. Calaceit (Teruel), Spain: Edicions Caminade.
• Rolfe, G. (2004). Deconstruction in a nutshell. Nursing Philosophy, 5(3), 274-276.
• Schäffner, C. (2012). Rethinking transediting. Meta, 57(4) 866-883.
• Schäffner, C. (2004). Political discourse from the point of view of translation studies. Journal of Language and Politics, 3(1), 117-150.
• Schrijver, I. (2014). The translator as a text producer. The effects of writing training on transediting and translation performance. Antwerp: Universiteit Antwerten.
• Ulrych, M. (1996). “Real-world criteria in translation pedagogy”, C. Dollerup and V. Appel (Haz.), Teaching Translation and Interpreting 3 içinde (ss.251-259). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
• Valdeón, R. (2014). From adaptation to appropriation: Framing the World through news translation. Linguaculture,1, 52-62.
• Van Doorslaer, L. (2012). Translating, narrating and constructing images in journalism with a test case on representation in Flemish TV news. Meta, 57(4), 1046–1059.
• Van Doorslaer, L. (2010). Journalism and translation. Y.Gambier ve L. Van Doorslaer (Haz.), Handbook of translation studies 1 içinde (ss.180-184). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
• Varney, J. (2008). Deconstruction and translation: Positions, pertinence and the empowerment of the translator. Journal of Language and Translation, 9(1), 113-131.
• Venuti, L. (1995). The translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. Londra ve New York: Routledge.
• Verplaetse, H. (2016). Teaching Translation of Journalistic Texts as LSP Translation: evaluating and promoting creativity in a complex adaptation process. Creativity in Translation/Interpretation and Interpreter/Translator Training, 215 – 218.
• Vourinen, E. (1999). Crossing cultural barriers in international news transmission: A translational approach. J. Vandaele (Haz.), Translation and the (Re)location of Meaning, Selected Papers of the CETRA Research Seminars in Translation Studies 1994-1996 içinde (ss. 61-82). Luven: CETRA Publications.
• Vybíralová, H. (2012). Journalistic Translation in the Selected Czech Press. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of Englishand American Studies, Çekya.
• Yanık, H. (2016). Yapısökümü üzerine birkaç not. Abant Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(2), 91-98.