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Chris Van Allsburg’ın 'Jumanji' ve 'Zathura' Başlıklı Eserlerindeki Kahramanları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1, 27 - 36, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.894867

Öz

Hayal dünyasında okuyucu için her şey gerçek ve mümkündür. Hayal gücünün huşu ve mucizesi, çocukların zihinlerini ve ufkunu genişletmek için bir araç görevi görür. Hayali dünyalar, çocuk okurların aşina oldukları ve olmadıkları yerlere, bildiklerinden farklı zaman dilimlerine ve daha önce hiç tecrübe etmedikleri fantastik dünyalara seyahat etmelerini mümkün kılar. Yirminin üzerinde kitap yazan ve resimleyen çağdaş Amerikan Çocuk Edebiyatı yazarlarından Chris Van Allsburg, fantezi türüne olan düşkünlüğü ile tanınır. Van Allsburg’ın kitaplarının çoğu, gerçeklik ve fantezi arasındaki belirsiz sınırlar içinde yer alır. Yirmi yıl arayla yazılan hem Jumanji: Bir Orman Macerası Oyunu hem de Zathura: Bir Uzay Macerası isimli eserler bir oyun tahtası aracılığı ile fantezi arasındaki sınırları bulanıklaştırarak çocuk okuyucuyu hayal dünyasına götürür. Her iki eser de merak, hayranlık ve heyecan uyandırarak bu hayali dünyanın gerçek dünyayı nasıl işgal ettiğini gösterir. Van Allsburg'un öykülerinde, kahramanlar onları iyi yönde değiştiren ve onlara öykü boyunca önemli bir şey öğreten bir maceraya çıkarlar. Yazarın mesajı genellikle satır aralarının okunmasıyla bulunur; bu nedenle, hikayeleri okuyucuyu ipuçlarını bulmak ve ekip çalışması ile işbirliğinin gücü ve/veya azim ile sebatın önemi gibi gizli dersleri ortaya çıkarmak için gerçeküstü bir dünyaya davet eder. Bu çalışma, yakın okuma tekniği uygulanarak, Jumanji: Bir Orman Macerası Oyunu ve Zathura: Bir Uzay Macerası isimli eserlerde Chris Van Allsburg'un gizli mesajlarını ve bu mesajların her iki hikayenin kahramanlarını, ve dolayısıyla çocuk okuyucuları, iyi yönde nasıl değişim göstermeye yönelttiğini keşfetmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Beauvais, C. (2015) The mighty child: Time and power in children’s literature. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Boyer, R. & Zahorski, K. J. (2009). Fantasists on fantasy: A collection of critical reflections. New York: Avon.
  • Canow, J. (2003). Surrealism and dream: Chris Van Allsburg's picturebooks. In J. Saltman (Ed.), The looking glass: New perspectives on children’s literature. Vol. 7, No. 3 Retrieved from https://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/ojs/index.php/tlg/article/view/206/204.
  • Gates, P. & Steffel, S. B & Molson, F.J. (2003). Fantasy literature for children and young adults. Lanham MD: Scarecrow Press.
  • Grenby, M. O. (2008). Children’s literature. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hunt, P. & Lenz, M. (2001). Alternative worlds in fantasy fiction. London: Continuum.
  • Levy, M. & Mendlesohn, F. (2016). Children’s fantasy literature: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Malmgren, Carl D. (1988). Towards a definition of science fantasy (Vers une définition de la fantaisie scientifique). Science Fiction Studies, 15(3). 259–281.
  • Nikolajeva, M. & Scott, C. (2006). How picturebooks work. New York: Routledge.
  • Nodelman, P. (2005) Decoding the images: How picture books work. In P. Hunt. (Ed.), Understanding children’s literature: Key essays from the International Companion Encyclopedia of Children’s Literature (pp. 69-81). London and New York: Routledge.
  • Saccardi, M. (2014). Creativity and children’s literature: New ways to encourage divergent thinking. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.
  • Shaw, G. B. (1949). Back to Methuselah. London: Constable and Company.
  • Todres, J. & Higinbotham, S. (2016). Human rights in children’s literature: Imagination and the narrative of law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Tolkien, J. R. R. (1947/1966). On Fairy-stories. In The Tolkien Reader (pp.100-124). New York: Balantine.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (1981). Jumanji: A jungle adventure game. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (1982). Caldercott medal acceptance speech. Retrieved from https://www.hmhbooks.com/chrisvanallsburg/speeches-and-interviews.html. on 14.04.2020
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2000). Interviewed by Anita Silvey. Retrieved from http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/features/thepolarexpress/cvaconversation.shtml. on 3.07.2020.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2002). Zathura: Zathura: A space adventure. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2005). Zathura: A teacher's guide. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (August 30, 2011) Interview with Chris Van Allsburg: Part 1 by Jennie Mcdonald. Retrieved from https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/blog/interview-with- chris-van-allsburg-part-1/. on 25.07.2020.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (July 22, 2013) Interview with Chris Van Allsburg: Part 2 by Jennie Mcdonald. Retrieved from https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/blog/interview-with-chris-van-allsburg-part-2/. on 20.07.2020.
  • Van Rheenen, D. (2012). A century of historical change in the game preferences of American children. The Journal of American Folklore, 125(498), 411-443.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (2004). Imagination and creativity in childhood. Journal of Russian and East European Psychology. 42(1), 7–97.
  • Wolf, S. (2004). Interpreting literature with children. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Wolfe, G. K. (1986) critical terms for science fiction and fantasy: A glossary and guide to scholarship. Westport CT: Greenwoord Press.

The Heroes of Chris Van Allsburg in 'Jumanji' and 'Zathura'

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1, 27 - 36, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.894867

Öz

In the world of imagination, everything is real and possible for the reader. The awe and wonder of imagination serve as tools to broaden the minds and horizons of children. Imaginary worlds make it possible for child readers to travel to places familiar and unfamiliar, to time periods different from the one they know, and to fantastical worlds never before experienced. Having written and illustrated over twenty books, Chris Van Allsburg, one of the authors of contemporary American Children’s Literature, is well-known for his love of the fantasy genre. Most of Van Allsburg’s books lie within the uncertain boundaries between reality and fantasy. Written two decades apart, both Jumanji: A Jungle Adventure Game and Zathura: A Space Adventure take the child reader to the world of imagination by blurring the boundaries between reality and fantasy through a board game. The books both demonstrate how this fantasy world invades the real world, arousing curiosity, fascination, and excitement in the reader. In Van Allsburg’s stories, the protagonists set out on an adventure that changes them for the better and teaches them something important over the course of the story. The author’s message is often found by reading between the lines; thus, his stories invite the reader to enter a surreal world in order to track down clues and uncover hidden lessons such as the power of teamwork and collaboration and/or the importance of perseverance and persistence. Through a close reading of Jumanji: A Jungle Adventure Game and Zathura: A Space Adventure, this study aims to explore the hidden lessons of Chris Van Allsburg and how they influence the heroes of both stories, and thereby the child readers, to change for the better.

Kaynakça

  • Beauvais, C. (2015) The mighty child: Time and power in children’s literature. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Boyer, R. & Zahorski, K. J. (2009). Fantasists on fantasy: A collection of critical reflections. New York: Avon.
  • Canow, J. (2003). Surrealism and dream: Chris Van Allsburg's picturebooks. In J. Saltman (Ed.), The looking glass: New perspectives on children’s literature. Vol. 7, No. 3 Retrieved from https://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/ojs/index.php/tlg/article/view/206/204.
  • Gates, P. & Steffel, S. B & Molson, F.J. (2003). Fantasy literature for children and young adults. Lanham MD: Scarecrow Press.
  • Grenby, M. O. (2008). Children’s literature. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hunt, P. & Lenz, M. (2001). Alternative worlds in fantasy fiction. London: Continuum.
  • Levy, M. & Mendlesohn, F. (2016). Children’s fantasy literature: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Malmgren, Carl D. (1988). Towards a definition of science fantasy (Vers une définition de la fantaisie scientifique). Science Fiction Studies, 15(3). 259–281.
  • Nikolajeva, M. & Scott, C. (2006). How picturebooks work. New York: Routledge.
  • Nodelman, P. (2005) Decoding the images: How picture books work. In P. Hunt. (Ed.), Understanding children’s literature: Key essays from the International Companion Encyclopedia of Children’s Literature (pp. 69-81). London and New York: Routledge.
  • Saccardi, M. (2014). Creativity and children’s literature: New ways to encourage divergent thinking. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.
  • Shaw, G. B. (1949). Back to Methuselah. London: Constable and Company.
  • Todres, J. & Higinbotham, S. (2016). Human rights in children’s literature: Imagination and the narrative of law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Tolkien, J. R. R. (1947/1966). On Fairy-stories. In The Tolkien Reader (pp.100-124). New York: Balantine.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (1981). Jumanji: A jungle adventure game. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (1982). Caldercott medal acceptance speech. Retrieved from https://www.hmhbooks.com/chrisvanallsburg/speeches-and-interviews.html. on 14.04.2020
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2000). Interviewed by Anita Silvey. Retrieved from http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/features/thepolarexpress/cvaconversation.shtml. on 3.07.2020.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2002). Zathura: Zathura: A space adventure. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (2005). Zathura: A teacher's guide. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (August 30, 2011) Interview with Chris Van Allsburg: Part 1 by Jennie Mcdonald. Retrieved from https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/blog/interview-with- chris-van-allsburg-part-1/. on 25.07.2020.
  • Van Allsburg, C. (July 22, 2013) Interview with Chris Van Allsburg: Part 2 by Jennie Mcdonald. Retrieved from https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/blog/interview-with-chris-van-allsburg-part-2/. on 20.07.2020.
  • Van Rheenen, D. (2012). A century of historical change in the game preferences of American children. The Journal of American Folklore, 125(498), 411-443.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (2004). Imagination and creativity in childhood. Journal of Russian and East European Psychology. 42(1), 7–97.
  • Wolf, S. (2004). Interpreting literature with children. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Wolfe, G. K. (1986) critical terms for science fiction and fantasy: A glossary and guide to scholarship. Westport CT: Greenwoord Press.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kuzey Amerika Dilleri, Edebiyatları ve Kültürleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Olgahan Bakşi Yalcin 0000-0002-5527-9200

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 2 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bakşi Yalcin, O. (2022). The Heroes of Chris Van Allsburg in ’Jumanji’ and ’Zathura’. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(1), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.894867


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