COMPARATIVE GYNOCRITICISM OF BRONTE’S WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND ROY’S THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS

Öz

The present paper focuses on two influential female novelists and their ardent endeavours to claim a gender-specific structure and voice within the discourse of the novel. Emily Bronte and Arundhati Roy nauseated their contemporary readers and most of the critics by making use of bi-sexuality and incest as salient structural and thematic features of their narrative. In Wuthering Heights, both thematic and structural elements of Bronte’s feminine narrative operate as meta-narratives reverberating with the becoming of Bronte as a female novelist. The particular impinge of Bronte’s feminine narrative on the discourse of the novel reveals itself through the reversal of the oedipal projectile motion of history. Similarly, Arundhati Roy has weaponized her Indianized language to break from the strict linguistic laws of the symbolic so that the semiotic or the maternal realm has become blatant in The God of Small Things. Like Bronte, Roy wields incest and bi-sexuality to prevent the phallic development of the grand history; instead of the oedipal identity formation process, she displays the motif of incest as an opponent of a linear progression of the hero. Consequently, this study emphasises the differentiation of the two female novelists from the monolithic discourse in the novel. It also explains how feminine narrative structure owing to its immanent on-hand polyphony and bi-sexuality goes hand in hand with what Bakhtin calls heteroglossia and dialogic discourse in the novel.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Feminism
• Abject
• Semiotics
• Bi-sexuality
• Gynocriticism

BRONTE’NİN UĞULTULU TEPELER’İ VE ROY’UN KÜÇÜK ŞEYLERİN TANRISI’NIN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI JİNOELEŞTİRİSİ

Öz

Bu makale iki etkili kadın romancıya ve onların romanın söyleminde cinsiyete özgü bir yapı ve ses iddia etme yönündeki ateşli çabalarına odaklanmaktadır. Emily Bronte ve Arundhati Roy, anlatılarının göze çarpan yapısal ve tematik özelliği olarak çift cinsiyetliliği ve ensesti öne çıkararak çağdaş okuyucularının ve eleştirmenlerin çoğunu şaşkınlığa uğratmışlardır. Uğultulu Tepeler’de Bronte’nin dişil anlatısının hem tematik hem de yapısal unsurları, Bronte’nin kadın romancı haline gelişini yansıtan meta-anlatı olarak işlemektedir. Bronte’nin dişil yazınının roman söylemi üzerindeki özel etkisi, tarihin ödipal itici hareketinin tersine çevrilmesiyle kendini gösterir. Benzer şekilde, Arundhati Roy, Hintlileşmiş dilini simgeselin katı dilsel yasalarından kopmak için silah haline getirir, böylece; Küçük Şeylerin Tanrısı’nda semiyotik veya annelik alanı bariz hale gelmektedir. Bronte gibi Roy da büyük tarihin fallik gelişimini engellemek için ensest ve çift cinsiyetliliği kullanır; Ödipal kimlik oluşum süreci yerine ensest motifini kahramanın doğrusal ilerlemesinin karşıtı olarak sergiler. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, iki kadın romancının romandaki yekpare söylemden farklılaşmasını vurgulamaktadır. Aynı zamanda, içkin polifoni ve çift cinsiyetlilik nedeniyle dişil anlatı yapısının, romanda Bakhtin'in heteroglossia ve diyalojik söylem olarak adlandırdığı şeyle nasıl el ele gittiğini de açıklamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Feminizm
• Abjekt
• Semiotik
• Bi-seksüalite
• Jinoeleştiri

Kaynakça

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