EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE, MINDFULNESS, EMOTION REGULATION AND DISTRESS TOLERANCE AMONG ADULTS

Abstract

Resilience is a trait that can be improved, and targeting related factors to achieve this goal seems functional. Previous studies show that mindfulness, emotional regulation and distress tolerance are some of the skills that can contribute to resilience. These skills can be improved within the scope of dialectical behavior therapy skills training. The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between resilience, mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance among adults. 353 people (237 women, 115 men, 1 other) aged between 18-63 (Mean = 29.48) who live in Türkiye participated in the study. Sociodemographic Information Form, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire and Distress Tolerance Scale were applied to the participants. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was determined that resilience, mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance were positively related to each other. In the simple mediation model analyses conducted with PROCESS Macro version 3.4.1, it was determined that emotion regulation and distress tolerance each have mediating roles in the relationship between mindfulness and resilience. In addition, in the parallel multiple mediation model analysis, when emotion regulation and distress tolerance were considered together as mediator variables, the total indirect effect and the mediator role of emotion regulation were significant; however, the mediator role of distress tolerance was not significant. In the combined model, it was thought that emotion regulation may have reduced the effect of distress tolerance. The findings were discussed in line with the literature. As a result, it is thought that improving people's mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills through interventions such as dialectical behavior therapy skills training may also help to increase their resilience levels.

Keywords

• Resilience
• Mindfulness
• Emotion regulation
• Distress tolerance
• Dialectical behavior therapy skills training

YETİŞKİNLERDE PSİKOLOJİK DAYANIKLILIK İLE BİLİNÇLİ FARKINDALIK, DUYGU DÜZENLEME VE SIKINTIYA DAYANMA ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Psikolojik dayanıklılık geliştirilebilen bir özelliktir ve bu amaçla ilişkili faktörlerin hedef alınması işlevsel görünmektedir. Geçmiş çalışmalar bilinçli farkındalık, duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanmanın psikolojik dayanıklılığa katkı sağlayabilecek becerilerden olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu beceriler ise diyalektik davranış terapisi beceri eğitimi kapsamında geliştirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yetişkinlerde psikolojik dayanıklılık, bilinçli farkındalık, duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanma arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektedir. Çalışmaya Türkiye’de yaşayan 18-63 yaş arası (Ort. = 29.48) 353 kişi (237 kadın, 115 erkek, 1 diğer) katılmıştır. Katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Connor-Davidson Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği, Beş Faktörlü Bilgece Farkındalık Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, Duygu Düzenleme Becerileri Ölçeği ve Sıkıntıya Dayanma Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda psikolojik dayanıklılık, bilinçli farkındalık, duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanmanın birbirleriyle pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. PROCESS Macro 3.4.1 versiyonu ile yapılan basit aracılık modeli analizlerinde, bilinçli farkındalık ve psikolojik dayanıklılık arasındaki ilişkide duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanmanın ayrı ayrı aracılık rollerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak, yapılan paralel çoklu aracılık modeli analizinde duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanma aracı değişkenler olarak birlikte ele alındığında, toplam dolaylı etkinin ve duygu düzenlemenin aracılık etkisinin anlamlı olduğu; ancak sıkıntıya dayanmanın aracılık etkisinin anlamlı olmadığı bulunmuştur. Toplu modelde duygu düzenlemenin sıkıntıya dayanmanın etkisini azaltmış olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bulgular alanyazın doğrultusunda tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, diyalektik davranış terapisi beceri eğitimi gibi müdahalelerle kişilerin bilinçli farkındalık, duygu düzenleme ve sıkıntıya dayanma becerilerinin geliştirilmesinin psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeylerini de artırmaya yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikolojik dayanıklılık
• Bilinçli farkındalık
• Duygu düzenleme
• Sıkıntıya dayanma
• Diyalektik davranış terapisi beceri eğitimi

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