THE GEOGRAPHY OF LEISURE: AN EXAMINATION OF TEMPORAL INEQUALITY AND LEISURE POVERTY IN TURKIYE

Öz

In this study, leisure poverty and time inequality in Türkiye are examined based on demographic factors. The aim of the study is to reveal how leisure time is distributed and which groups experience time poverty. In this context, data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) Time Use Survey were used. Time poverty was assessed through an evaluation of five demographic categories (marital status, gender, education level, weekday/weekend distinction, and age groups). These five categories were analyzed across 11 activity groups (voluntary work and meetings, household and family care, hobbies and games, social life and entertainment, sports and outdoor activities, media use, travel/unspecified time, sleep, eating and personal care, employment, and education). The study focuses on individuals’ daily time allocation patterns and the places where they spend their leisure time. According to the findings, married individuals in the 25-44 age group constitute the group experiencing the highest level of time poverty. Another group experiencing significant time poverty is women. Contrary to expectations, an increase in education level does not reduce pressure on leisure time; rather, higher education graduates experience greater time pressure due to intensive work schedules. After identifying the profile of those experiencing time poverty, structural inequalities, socio-demographic differences, and gender roles were discussed. Thus, leisure poverty in the Turkish context has been made visible, providing a data-driven approach for social policy development processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geography of Leisure
• Time Poverty
• Time Use
• Time Inequality
• Türkiye.

BOŞ ZAMANIN COĞRAFYASI: TÜRKİYE’DE ZAMAN EŞİTSİZLİĞİ VE BOŞ ZAMAN YOKSULLUĞU ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Öz

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de boş zaman yoksulluğu ve zaman eşitsizliği demografik faktörler baz alınarak incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı boş zamanın nasıl bölüşüldüğü ve hangi grupların zaman yoksulluğu yaşadığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun (TÜİK) Zaman Kullanım Araştırması verileri kullanılmıştır. Beş demografik kategoriye (Medeni durum, cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, hafta içi/hafta sonu ve yaş grupları) göre yapılan değerlendirme ile zaman yoksulluğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu beş kategori 11 aktivite (gönüllü işler ve toplantılar, hane halkı ve aile bakımı, hobiler ve oyunlar, sosyal yaşam ve eğlence, spor ve doğa sporları, medya kullanımı, ulaşım/belirsiz zaman, uyku, yemek ve kişisel bakım, istihdam, eğitim) altında analiz edilmiştir. Bireylerin günlük faaliyetlere ayırdıkları süreler ve boş zamanlarını geçirdikleri mekânlara odaklanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre 25-44 yaş grubundaki evli bireyler, en yüksek zaman yoksulluğu seviyesi yaşayan grubu oluşturmaktadır Bir diğer zaman yoksulluğu yaşayan grup kadınlardır. Eğitim düzeyinin artması ise beklenenin aksine boş zaman üzerindeki baskıyı azaltmamakta, yükseköğretim mezunları yoğun iş temposu nedeniyle zaman baskısı altında kalmaktadır. Zaman yoksulluğu yaşayan profilin belirlenmesinin ardından yapısal eşitsizlikler, sosyo-demografik farklılıklar ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Böylelikle Türkiye özelinde boş zaman yoksulluğu görünür kılınmış, sosyal politika geliştirme süreçleri için veri temelli bir yaklaşım sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boş Zaman Coğrafyası
• Zaman Yoksulluğu
• Zaman Kullanımı
• Zaman Eşitsizliği
• Türkiye.

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