JOHN FISKE VE POPÜLER KÜLTÜR: MARGARET TYLER’IN “OKUYUCUYA MEKTUP”UNUN ELEŞTİREL BİR OKUMASI

Öz

Bu çalışma, John Fiske’in popüler kültür teorisi ışığında, Margaret Tyler’ın yazınsal alandaki mağduriyeti ne şekilde alt ettiğini çevirdiği eser The Mirrour of Princely Deeds and Knighthood’un önüne eklediği “Okuyucuya Mektup” bağlamında inceler. Tyler bir kadın ve bir yazar olarak ataerkil Elizabeth dönemi toplumunda ve dönemin yayıncılık kültüründe ikincil konumdadır. Tyler, dezavantajlı durumuna rağmen, çeşitli taktikler aracılığıyla bu konumu savuşturur ve hem kendi eylemini hem de kadınların yazma hakkını savunur. Tyler yayıncılık kültüründe hüküm süren varsayımlara açıkça meydan okumaz fakat bu varsayımları kendi amacına hizmet edecek şekilde işletir. Tyler’ın sistemde kendine bir yer edinmek için türlü stratejiler kullanması ön sözün Fiske’in popüler kültür teorisi çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesini mümkün kılar. “Okuyucuya Mektup” ortaya koyduğu üzere, Tyler baskın kültüre başkaldırır ve muhalif duruşunu egemen söylemin kaynaklarından üretir; böylece Tyler’ın ön sözü bir popüler kültür ögesi işlevi görür.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• popüler kültür
• direniş
• kahramanlık romanı
• yazın yazını
• Elizabeth dönemi

JOHN FISKE AND POPULAR CULTURE: A CRITICAL READING OF MARGARET TYLER’S “EPISTLE TO THE READER”

Abstract

This paper examines how Margaret Tyler overcomes literary inferiority in the “Epistle to the Reader” that precedes her translation The Mirrour of Princely Deeds and Knighthood. Tyler, as a woman and an author, is in a secondary position in the patriarchal Elizabethan society and print culture. Notwithstanding her disadvantaged status, she circumvents it through various tactics, and she defends both her act and women’s right to write. Tyler does not overtly challenge the assumptions prevalent in print culture but manipulates them to her own end. The fact that she employs several strategies to earn a place in the system renders it possible to evaluate the preface within the framework of John Fiske’s popular culture theory. As is evident from the “Epistle,” Tyler resists the dominant culture, and she produces her oppositional stance out of the resources of the dominant. Thus, Tyler’s preface functions as an element of popular culture.   

Keywords

• popular culture
• resistance
• romance
• women's literature
• elizabethan age

Kaynakça

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