Öz
En önemli ve popüler Viktorya dönemi romanlarından bazıları, yazarların kendi yaşam tecrübelerini, biçimlendirici süreçler olarak tasarladıkları ve hatta yeniden kurguladıkları Bildungsromanlardır. David Copperfield, Büyük Umutlar, Jane Eyre, Kıyıdaki Değirmen, Marius the Epicurean ve benzeri kitaplar bunlara örnek verilebilir. Bildungsroman, antik anlatılardan başlayarak, Goethe’nin Wilhelm Meister’in Çıraklık Yılları eserine kadar gelişim halinde olduğu uzun tarihi sürecin ardından, Carlyle’ın oluşum romanı üzerine yazdığı üç bölümden oluşan kabul yazısıyla, yeni oluşmakta olan bir kurgusal gelenek olarak Viktoryan kültürüne ve edebiyatına girmiştir ve ortaya çıkışını, kendi içindeki karmaşıklığı, belli başlı tematik ve anlatısal modelleri kapsayan bir edebi sistem olarak ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, Henry James’in roman türüne ait bazı eserleri incelenerek her bir eser, tematik ve anlatısal açılardan Bildungsroman modeline ve şekline uyup uymadıkları sorusuyla karşı karşıya getirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bildungsroman Viktorya Dönemi roman tematik model Henry James
Kaynakça
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1986). The Bildungsroman and its Significance in the history of realism: Toward a historical typology of the novel. In C. Emorson & M. Holquist (Eds.), Speech genres and other late essays. Austin: University of Texas Press.
- Banerjee, Jacqueline. (1996). Through the northern gate: childhood and growing up in British fiction, 1719-1901. Bern: Peter Lang AG.
- Bressler, C. E. (2007). Literary criticism: an introduction to theory and practice. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall Inc.
- Bronte, C. (1847). Jane Eyre. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Buckley, J. H. (1974). Season of youth: The Bildungsroman from Dickens to Golding. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Dickens, C. (1881). Great expectations. London: Estes and Lauriat.
- Dutton, R. (1984). An introduction to literary criticism. London: Longman.
- Guerin, W. L., Labor, E., Morgan, L., Reesman, J. C., & J. R. Willingham. (2005). A handbook of critical approaches to literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- James, H. (1986). Roderick Hudson. London: Penguin Classics.
- James, H. (2011). The portrait of a lady. London: Penguin Classics.
- Lawrence, K., Seifter, B. & L. Ratner. (1985). The McGraw-Hill guide to English literature, volume one: Beowulf to Jane Austen. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
- Moretti, F. (2000). The way of the world: The Bildungsroman in European Culture. London: Verso.
- Pater, W. (2005). Marius the Epicurean. New York: Cosmo Classics.
- Sammons, J. L. (1991). The Bildungsroman for nonspecialists: An attempt at clarification. In J. Hardin (Ed.) Reflection and action: essays on the Bildungsroman. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
- Swales, M. (1978). The German Bildungsroman from Wieland to Hesse. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Öz
Some of the most important and popular Victorian novels are Bildungsromane, in which authors construct or rather reconstruct their own life experiences as formative processes. To mention just David Copperfield, Great Expectations, Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss, Marius the Epicurean, and so on. Following its long development history from ancient narratives to Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, the Bildungsroman enters as a newly established fictional tradition into Victorian culture and literature through Carlyle’s threefold literary reception of the novel of formation and displays its subsequent flourishing and complexity as a literary system encompassing particular thematic and narrative patterns. In this study, a number of novelistic works by Henry James are scrutinized, and each faces the question as to whether its thematic and narrative perspectives fit the pattern and shape of the Bildungsroman.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bildungsroman Victorian Age novel thematic pattern Henry James
Kaynakça
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1986). The Bildungsroman and its Significance in the history of realism: Toward a historical typology of the novel. In C. Emorson & M. Holquist (Eds.), Speech genres and other late essays. Austin: University of Texas Press.
- Banerjee, Jacqueline. (1996). Through the northern gate: childhood and growing up in British fiction, 1719-1901. Bern: Peter Lang AG.
- Bressler, C. E. (2007). Literary criticism: an introduction to theory and practice. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall Inc.
- Bronte, C. (1847). Jane Eyre. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Buckley, J. H. (1974). Season of youth: The Bildungsroman from Dickens to Golding. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Dickens, C. (1881). Great expectations. London: Estes and Lauriat.
- Dutton, R. (1984). An introduction to literary criticism. London: Longman.
- Guerin, W. L., Labor, E., Morgan, L., Reesman, J. C., & J. R. Willingham. (2005). A handbook of critical approaches to literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- James, H. (1986). Roderick Hudson. London: Penguin Classics.
- James, H. (2011). The portrait of a lady. London: Penguin Classics.
- Lawrence, K., Seifter, B. & L. Ratner. (1985). The McGraw-Hill guide to English literature, volume one: Beowulf to Jane Austen. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
- Moretti, F. (2000). The way of the world: The Bildungsroman in European Culture. London: Verso.
- Pater, W. (2005). Marius the Epicurean. New York: Cosmo Classics.
- Sammons, J. L. (1991). The Bildungsroman for nonspecialists: An attempt at clarification. In J. Hardin (Ed.) Reflection and action: essays on the Bildungsroman. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
- Swales, M. (1978). The German Bildungsroman from Wieland to Hesse. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Tüm Sayı |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 17 Mart 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 15 |
