Erken dönem Hristiyanlıktan itibaren önemli bir günah olan açgözlülük, edebiyatta tekrarlanan dikkate değer bir temadır ve medeniyetler, edebi eserler ve teolojik sistemler boyunca evrensel olarak yaygınlaşmıştır. Açgözlülük sergileyen insanların Tanrı'nın emrine karşı geldiği ve cezaya çarptırıldığı, ancak O'nun emirlerine içtenlikle uyanların kutsandığı yaygın bir kanıdır. Aleksandr Puşkin'in Maça Kızı ve Binbir Gece Masalları'ndaki Ali Baba ve Kırk Haramiler hikâyelerinin her biri ayrı edebi geleneklere aittir. Bununla birlikte, her iki öykü de açgözlü davranışları sonucunda kendi sonlarıyla karşılaşan aykırı bireyleri tasvir etmektedir. Bu edebi eserlerde, ödüllendirilen ve cezalandırılan olmak üzere iki farklı karakter kümesi bulunmaktadır. İlk karakter grubu eylemleri için ciddi fiziksel ve ruhani sonuçlar yaşarken, diğer grup usulüne uygun olarak ödüllendirilir ya da herhangi bir cezaya maruz bırakılmaz. Bu eserler, ortaya çıktıkları dönemler ve toplumlar arasındaki farklılıklar ne olursa olsun, belirli konuların zaman ve kültür sınırlarını aştığını göstermektedir. Buna bağlı olarak bu çalışma, bambaşka dönemlere ve coğrafyalara ait olan bu iki eserde açgözlülüğün bir özyıkım yöntemine nasıl dönüştüğünü metinsel analiz yöntemiyle ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir.
Aquinas, T. (1981). Summa Theologica (Fathers of the English Dominican Province, Trans.). Christian Classics. (Original work published 1274).
Bainbridge, S. (2005). Napoleon and European romanticism. In M. Ferber (Ed.), A Companion to European Romanticism (pp. 450 - 466). Blackwell Publishing.
Basker, M. (2005). Pushkin and romanticism. In M. Ferber (Ed.), A Companion to European Romanticism (pp. 293 - 308). Blackwell Publishing.
Borges, J. L., & Weinberger, E. (1984). The Thousand and One Nights. The Georgia Review, 38(3), 564 - 574. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41398722
Burgin, D. L. (1974). The Mystery of “pikoyaja dama”: A new interpretation. In J. Baer & N. W. Ingham (Eds.), Mnemozina: Studia litteraria russica in honorem V. Setchkarev (pp. 46 - 56). W. Fink.
Burt, D. S. (2009). The literary 100, revised edition: A ranking of the most influential novelists, playwrights, and poets of all time. Facts on File, Inc.
Chraïbi, A. (2004). Galland's “Ali Baba” and other Arabic versions. Marvels & Tales, 18(2, The Arabian Nights: Past and Present), 159 - 169. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41388705
Emerson, C. (2007). Introduction (J. E. Falen, Trans.). In Boris Godunov and Other Dramatic Works (pp. vii - xxxii). Oxford University Press.
Jackson, R. L. (1960). Napoleon in Russian literature. Yale French Studies (26, The Myth of Napoleon (1960)), 106 - 118. https://doi.org/10.2307/2929230
Lyons, M. C., Lyons, U., & Irwin, R. (2008). The Arabian Nights: Tales of 1001 Nights (M. C. Lyons & U. Lyons, Trans.; R. Irwin, Ed. Vol. I). Penguin.
Mardrus, J. C. (2005). The tale of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (P. Mathers, Trans.). In The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night (Vol. IV, pp. 103 - 126). Routledge.
Pinault, D. (1992). Story-telling techniques in the Arabian Nights. E. J. Brill.
Puchner, M. (2021). The Thousand and One Nights (Alf Layla Wa-Layla). In M. Puchner, S. Akbari, W. Denecke, B. Fuchs, C. Levine, P. Lewis, & E. Wilson (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of World Literature (Shorter Fourth Edition ed., Vol. I, pp. 1084 - 1087). New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Pushkin, A. (2017). The Queen of Spades (P. Debreczeny, Trans.). In The Queen of Spades and Other Stories (pp. 5 - 36). Alma Classics.
Rosen, N. (1975). The magic cards in the Queen of Spades. The Slavic and East European Journal, 19(3), 255 - 275. https://doi.org/10.2307/306284
Rosen, N. (2002). Up the down staircase in "the Queen of Spades". The Slavic and East European Journal, 46(4), 711 - 726. https://doi.org/10.2307/3219908
Rosenshield, G. (1994). Choosing the right card: madness, gambling, and the imagination in Pushkin's "the Queen of Spades". PMLA, 109(5), 995 - 1008. https://doi.org/10.2307/462967
Troyat, H. (1970). Pushkin (N. Amphoux, Trans.). Doubleday & Company, Inc.
SELF-DESTRUCTION THROUGH GREED: “THE QUEEN OF SPADES” AND “ALI BABA AND FORTY THIEVES”
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 24, 201 - 215, 15.10.2024
Greed, a cardinal sin originating from early Christianity, is a notable recurring theme in literature and is universally prevalent throughout civilizations, literary works, and theological systems. It is widely held that people who exhibit greed defy God's command and face punishment, but those who sincerely abide by His commands receive blessings. The works The Queen of Spades by Alexandr Pushkin and The Tale of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves in The Thousand and One Nights, belong to separate literary traditions. However, both stories depict antagonistic individuals who ultimately meet their own end as a result of their greedy behaviour. In these literary works, there are two different sets of characters, the rewarded and the punished. Within these literary pieces, the initial set of characters experiences significant consequences for their actions, whilst the subsequent group is duly compensated. These works demonstrate that specific topics surpass the limitations of time and culture, regardless of the differences between the eras and communities in which they originated. Accordingly, this study aims to reveal how greed turns into a way of self-destruction in these two works, which belong to completely different periods and geographies, through textual analysis.
Aquinas, T. (1981). Summa Theologica (Fathers of the English Dominican Province, Trans.). Christian Classics. (Original work published 1274).
Bainbridge, S. (2005). Napoleon and European romanticism. In M. Ferber (Ed.), A Companion to European Romanticism (pp. 450 - 466). Blackwell Publishing.
Basker, M. (2005). Pushkin and romanticism. In M. Ferber (Ed.), A Companion to European Romanticism (pp. 293 - 308). Blackwell Publishing.
Borges, J. L., & Weinberger, E. (1984). The Thousand and One Nights. The Georgia Review, 38(3), 564 - 574. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41398722
Burgin, D. L. (1974). The Mystery of “pikoyaja dama”: A new interpretation. In J. Baer & N. W. Ingham (Eds.), Mnemozina: Studia litteraria russica in honorem V. Setchkarev (pp. 46 - 56). W. Fink.
Burt, D. S. (2009). The literary 100, revised edition: A ranking of the most influential novelists, playwrights, and poets of all time. Facts on File, Inc.
Chraïbi, A. (2004). Galland's “Ali Baba” and other Arabic versions. Marvels & Tales, 18(2, The Arabian Nights: Past and Present), 159 - 169. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41388705
Emerson, C. (2007). Introduction (J. E. Falen, Trans.). In Boris Godunov and Other Dramatic Works (pp. vii - xxxii). Oxford University Press.
Jackson, R. L. (1960). Napoleon in Russian literature. Yale French Studies (26, The Myth of Napoleon (1960)), 106 - 118. https://doi.org/10.2307/2929230
Lyons, M. C., Lyons, U., & Irwin, R. (2008). The Arabian Nights: Tales of 1001 Nights (M. C. Lyons & U. Lyons, Trans.; R. Irwin, Ed. Vol. I). Penguin.
Mardrus, J. C. (2005). The tale of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (P. Mathers, Trans.). In The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night (Vol. IV, pp. 103 - 126). Routledge.
Pinault, D. (1992). Story-telling techniques in the Arabian Nights. E. J. Brill.
Puchner, M. (2021). The Thousand and One Nights (Alf Layla Wa-Layla). In M. Puchner, S. Akbari, W. Denecke, B. Fuchs, C. Levine, P. Lewis, & E. Wilson (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of World Literature (Shorter Fourth Edition ed., Vol. I, pp. 1084 - 1087). New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Pushkin, A. (2017). The Queen of Spades (P. Debreczeny, Trans.). In The Queen of Spades and Other Stories (pp. 5 - 36). Alma Classics.
Rosen, N. (1975). The magic cards in the Queen of Spades. The Slavic and East European Journal, 19(3), 255 - 275. https://doi.org/10.2307/306284
Rosen, N. (2002). Up the down staircase in "the Queen of Spades". The Slavic and East European Journal, 46(4), 711 - 726. https://doi.org/10.2307/3219908
Rosenshield, G. (1994). Choosing the right card: madness, gambling, and the imagination in Pushkin's "the Queen of Spades". PMLA, 109(5), 995 - 1008. https://doi.org/10.2307/462967
Troyat, H. (1970). Pushkin (N. Amphoux, Trans.). Doubleday & Company, Inc.
Kara, M. (2024). SELF-DESTRUCTION THROUGH GREED: “THE QUEEN OF SPADES” AND “ALI BABA AND FORTY THIEVES”. HUMANITAS - Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(24), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.20304/humanitas.1489681