Attitudes Towards Death and Perceptions of Spiritual Support of Nurses Caring for Patients in the Terminal Period: A Descriptive and Correlational Study

Yurdagül Selvi; Figen İnci Arı; Zehra Çalışkan

doi:10.31125/hunhemsire.1176526

Araştırma Makalesi

Attitudes Towards Death and Perceptions of Spiritual Support of Nurses Caring for Patients in the Terminal Period: A Descriptive and Correlational Study

Yıl 2024, , 116 - 124, 28.08.2024

Yurdagül Selvi , Figen İnci Arı , Zehra Çalışkan

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.1176526

Öz

Aim: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted to analyze the attitudes towards death and spiritual support perceptions of nurses who care for patients in the terminal period and their relationship.
Material and Methods: The population consisted of 378 nurses. The study sample was calculated according to the sample size of a specific population and included 198 nurses. The data were collected with the Personal Information Form, Attitude towards Death Scale, and Perception of Spiritual Support Scale. Data were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis Analysis of Variance, Correlation Analysis, and Mann-Whitney U Test.
Results: The nurses’ gender and education level caused a difference in terms of their attitudes towards death. Fear of death and death avoidance scores of women were higher than those of men. As the educational level of nurses increases, their attitudes towards death change positively. As the perception of spiritual support increases, the positive attitude towards death also increases.
Conclusion: It can be said that paying attention to variables such as gender, education level, and attitude towards death while planning the nurse workforce in inpatient units where end-of-life care is provided will increase the quality of nursing care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

End-of-life care, death anxiety, nursing, spiritual care

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

1. Bilge A, Embel N, Kaya F. Attitudes of students who will become medical professionals regarding death and the variables that affect these attitudes. J Psy Nurs. 2013;4(3):119-12.
2. Akdemir N, Birol L. Internal medicine and nursing care. 5th ed. İstanbul: Vehbi Koç Yayınları; 2020.
3. İnci F, Öz F. Palliative care and death anxiety. Curr Approaches Psychiatry. 2012;4(2), 178–187.
4. Hov L, Tveit B, Synnes O. Nobody dies alone in the electronic patient record-a qualitative analysis of the textual practices of documenting dying and death. Omega. (in press). 2021. https//doi.org/10.1177/00302228211019197
5. Ay F, Gençtürk N. Midwifery student’s opinions related to death, terminal period and palliative care: focus group study. FNJN. 2013;21(3):164-71.
6. Sanli D, Iltus F. Experiences of a group of senior nursing students with end of life care and death in turkey. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying. 2022;85(4):936–57.
7. Üstükuş A, Eskimez Z. The effect of death anxiety in nurses on their approach to dying patients: A cross-sectional study. PPC. 2021;57(4):1929-36.
8. Ay MA, Öz F. Nurses attitudes towards death, dying patients and euthanasia: A descriptive study. Nursing Ethics. 2019;26(5):1442-57.
9. Ergül Ş, Bayık A. Nursing and spiritual care. Journal of Cumhuriyet University School of Nursing. 2004;8(1):37–45.
10. Aştı N, Pektekin Ç, Adana F. Cerrahi hemşirelik bakımının manevi boyutu. İstanbul Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi (HD). 2005;54:27-34.
11. Narayanasamy A, Owens J. A critical incident study of nurses responses to the spiritual needs of their. JAN. 2001;33,446–55.
12. Çelik AS, Özdemir F, Durmaz H, Pasinlioğlu T. Determining the perception level of nurses regarding spirituality and spiritual care and the factors that affect their perception level. HUHEMFAD. 2014;1(3):1-12.
13. Akgün-Kostak M, Çelikkalp Ü, Demir M. Nurses' and midwives' thoughts on spirituality and spiritual care. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi, Sempozyum Özel Sayısı. 2010;1(1):218-25.
14. Daştan NB, Buzlu S. The effects of spirituality and spiritual care in breast cancer patients. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi. 2010;3(1),73-9.
15. Işık E, Fadıloğlu Ç, Demir Y. Validity and reliability study of the Turkish translation of the attitudes towards death scale in the nurse population. HEMAR-G. 2009;2:28–43.
16. Juvet TM, Bornet MA, Desbiens JF, Tapp D, Roos P. "Do Not Protect Us, Train Us."-Swiss Healthcare Students' attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients. Omega. (in press). 2021. https//doi.org/10.1177/00302228211007003
17. Kavas E, Kavas N. Determining the perception of spiritual support by doctors, midwives and nurses about the need for spiritual care in patients: The case of Denizli. Turkish Studies. 2015;10(14):449-60.
18. Benli SS, Yıldırım A. Relationship between nurses' life satisfaction and attitudes towards death. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2017;6(4):167-79.
19. Çelik N. The intensive care nurses’ attitudes toward of death and principles about die with dignity. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2019;12(2):316-27.
20. Gama G, Barbosa F, Vieira M. Factors influencing nurses’ attitudes toward death. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2012;18(6):267-73.
21. Şahin M, Demirkıran F, Adana F. Nursing students’ death anxiety, influencing factors and request of caring for dying people. J Psy Nurs. 2016;7(3):135–41.
22. Wang L, Li C, Zhang Q, Li YJ. Clinical nurses’ attitutes towards death and caring for dying patients in China. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2018;24(1):33-9.
23. Yılmaz E, Vermişli S. The attitudes of nurses working in intensive care towards death and providing care to the dying individual. CBU-SBED. 2015;2(2):41-6.
24. Taşdemir G, Gök F. Determination of death anxiety of students studying in a health college. JHS. 2012;9:288-302.
25. Braun M, Gordon D, Uziely B. Associations between oncology nurses’ attitudes toward death and caring for dying patients. ONS. 2010;37(1):43-50.
26. Öz-Seki H, Kargın MA. Hemşirelik ve ölümü konuşabilmek üzerine bir derleme. Türkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(2):452-6.
27. Dağlı EN. Yaşlılarda Ölüm Korkusu ve Dindarlık. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Konya: Selçuk Üniversitesi; 2010.
28. Öztürk Z, Karakuş G, Tamam L. Yaşlı bireylerde ölüm kaygısı. Anadolu Psikiyatri De. 2011;12(1):37-43.
29. İnci F, Öz F. Effects of death education on nurses' death anxiety, depression regarding death, and attitudes towards the dying patient. Anadolu Psikiyatri De. 2009;10:253-60.
30. Kaçan-Softa H, Uçukoğlu H, Ulaş Karaahmetoğlu G, Esen D. Investigation of some factors affecting the level of death anxiety in the elderly. YSAD. 2011;1-2:67-79.
31. Orak OS, Gök Uğur H, Başköy F, Özcan M, Seyis N. Does the perception of God affect death anxiety in elderly patients? Journal of International Social Research. 2015;8(38):618-24.
32. Taka F. Determination of Death Anxiety in Nurses. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi; 2010.
33. Üstüner-Top F, Saraç A, Yaşar G. Determination of depression level, death anxiety and daily life functions in nursing home residents. J Clin Psy. 2010;13(1):1422.
34. Ayhan D. Hemşirelik Pratiğinde Ölümle Karşılaşma Durumu ve Sıklığının Hemşirelerin Ölüme Yönelik Tutumlarına Etkisi. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi; 2013.
35. McSherry W, Jamieson S. An online survey of nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care. JCN. 2011;20:1757–67.
36. Kumar S, Chris E, Pais M, Sisodia V, Kumar K. Nursing students' perceived attitudes towards death: a cross-sectional survey. Indian J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014;7(1):5-15.
37. Chen Y, Del Ben K, Fortson BL, Lewis J. Differential dimensions of death anxiety in nursing students with and without nursing experience. Death Stud. 2006;30(10):919-29.
38. Acehan G, Eker F. Death anxiety, death-related depression levels of medical personnel providing emergency medicine services and the coping methods they use. J Psy Nurs. 2013;4(1):27-35.
39. Dunn KS, Otten C, Stephens E. Nursing experience and the care of dying patients. ONS. 2005;32(1):97-104.
40. İnce F. Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerde Ölüm ve Ölüm Kaygısı Kavramının İncelenmesi. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. İstanbul: Haliç Üniversitesi; 2014.
41. Özdemir K. Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinde Ölüm Kaygısı. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi; 2014.
42. Chuin CL, Choo YC. Age, gender, and religiosity as related to death anxiety. Sunway Academic Journal. 2010;6:1-16.
43. Yüksel MY, Güneş F, Akdağ C. Investigation of the death anxiety and meaning in life levels among middle-aged adults. In SPC. 2017;2(2):165-81.
44. Ek K, Westin L, Prahl C, Osterlind J, Strang S, Bergh I, et al. Death and caring for dying patients: exploring first-year nursing students' descriptive experiences. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2014;20(10):509-15.
45. Leombruni P, Miniotti M, Bovero A, Zizzi F, Castelli L, Torta R. Attitudes toward caring for dying patients: An overview among Italian nursing students and preliminary psychometrics of the FATCOD-B scale. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2014;4:188-96.
46. Youssef HAM. Nursing students' perception of dying and their contextualizing end of life and palliative care in nursing curriculum at taif university. EJAE. 2016;3(5):193-9.
47. Kayaoğlu K, Ekinci M. Death anxiety in intensive care nurses and affecting factors. UHPPD. 2016;5:21-36.
48. Sayın Kasar K, Karaman E, Say Şahin, Yıldırım Y. Şenuzun Aykar F. The relationship between death anxiety experienced by elderly individuals and standard of life. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2016;5(2):48-55.
49. Şahin M, Demirkıran F, Adana F. “Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde ölüm kaygısı, ölmekte olan bireye bakım verme isteği ve etkileyen faktörler”. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği De. 2016;7(3):135–41.
50. Tambağ H, Mansuroğlu S, Yıldırım G. Determination of the spirutual support perception of intensive care unit nurses: a pilot study. JCM. 2018;8(2):159-64.
51. Gurdogan EP, Kurt D, Aksoy B, Kınıcı E, Şen A. Nurses’ perceptions of spiritual care and attitudes toward he principles of dying with dignity: A sample from Turkey. Death Stud. 2017;41(3), 180-87.
52. Periyakoil VS, Stevens M, Kraemer H. Multicultural long-term careurses’ perceptions of factors influencing patient ignity at the end of life. JAGS. 2013;71:440–6.
53. Pour HA, Özvurmaz S, Kunter D. Evaluation of the perception and practice model towards spiritual care in nursing and midwifery intern students. J Contemp Med. 2017;7:225–33.
54. Wu L F, Tseng HC, Liao YC. Nurse education and willingness to provide spiritual care. Nurse Educ Today. 2016;38:36-41.
55. Uslu-Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Hemşirelerin kanser hastalarına yönelik manevi bakım uygulamaları ve karşılaştıkları engeller. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2020;9(4):340-4
56. Ercan F, Körpe G, Demir S. Spirituality and spiritual care related perceptions of nurses working at the ınpatient services of a university hospital. GMJ. 2018;29(1):17-22.
57. Duran A, Özçelik H. Yoğun bakım klinilerinde çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin spiritüalite ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumları. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi. 2022;9 (1):2-10.

Terminal Dönemdeki Hastalara Bakım Veren Hemşirelerin Ölüme Karşı Tutumları ve Manevi Destek Algıları: Tanımlayıcı ve İlişki Arayıcı Çalışma

Yıl 2024, , 116 - 124, 28.08.2024

Yurdagül Selvi , Figen İnci Arı , Zehra Çalışkan

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.1176526

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma, terminal dönemdeki hastalara bakım veren hemşirelerin ölüme karşı tutumları, manevi destek algıları ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Evreni 378 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Örneklem ise, evreni bilinen örneklem büyüklüğü yöntemine göre hesaplanmış ve 198 hemşire örnekleme alınmıştır. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ölüme Karşı Tutum Ölçeği ve Manevi Destek Algısı Tespit Ölçeğiyle toplanmıştır. Veriler Kruskall Wallis Varyans Analizi, Korelasyon Analizi ve Mann-Whitney U Testiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin cinsiyetleri ve eğitim düzeyleri ölüme ilişkin tutumları açısından farklılığa neden olmuştur. Kadınların ölüm korkusu ve ölümden kaçınma puanları erkeklere göre daha yüksektir. Hemşirelerin eğitim düzeyi arttıkça ölüme ilişkin tutumları olumlu yönde değişmektedir. Ölüme ilişkin olumlu tutum arttıkça manevi destek algıları da artmaktadır.
Sonuç: Yaşam sonu bakımın verildiği kliniklerde hemşire işgücü planlanırken cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi ve ölüme ilişkin tutum gibi değişkenlerin dikkate alınmasının hemşirelik bakımının niteliğini artıracağı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirelik, manevi bakım, ölüm kaygısı, yaşam sonu bakım

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden tüm hemşirelere teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

1. Bilge A, Embel N, Kaya F. Attitudes of students who will become medical professionals regarding death and the variables that affect these attitudes. J Psy Nurs. 2013;4(3):119-12.
2. Akdemir N, Birol L. Internal medicine and nursing care. 5th ed. İstanbul: Vehbi Koç Yayınları; 2020.
3. İnci F, Öz F. Palliative care and death anxiety. Curr Approaches Psychiatry. 2012;4(2), 178–187.
4. Hov L, Tveit B, Synnes O. Nobody dies alone in the electronic patient record-a qualitative analysis of the textual practices of documenting dying and death. Omega. (in press). 2021. https//doi.org/10.1177/00302228211019197
5. Ay F, Gençtürk N. Midwifery student’s opinions related to death, terminal period and palliative care: focus group study. FNJN. 2013;21(3):164-71.
6. Sanli D, Iltus F. Experiences of a group of senior nursing students with end of life care and death in turkey. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying. 2022;85(4):936–57.
7. Üstükuş A, Eskimez Z. The effect of death anxiety in nurses on their approach to dying patients: A cross-sectional study. PPC. 2021;57(4):1929-36.
8. Ay MA, Öz F. Nurses attitudes towards death, dying patients and euthanasia: A descriptive study. Nursing Ethics. 2019;26(5):1442-57.
9. Ergül Ş, Bayık A. Nursing and spiritual care. Journal of Cumhuriyet University School of Nursing. 2004;8(1):37–45.
10. Aştı N, Pektekin Ç, Adana F. Cerrahi hemşirelik bakımının manevi boyutu. İstanbul Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi (HD). 2005;54:27-34.
11. Narayanasamy A, Owens J. A critical incident study of nurses responses to the spiritual needs of their. JAN. 2001;33,446–55.
12. Çelik AS, Özdemir F, Durmaz H, Pasinlioğlu T. Determining the perception level of nurses regarding spirituality and spiritual care and the factors that affect their perception level. HUHEMFAD. 2014;1(3):1-12.
13. Akgün-Kostak M, Çelikkalp Ü, Demir M. Nurses' and midwives' thoughts on spirituality and spiritual care. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi, Sempozyum Özel Sayısı. 2010;1(1):218-25.
14. Daştan NB, Buzlu S. The effects of spirituality and spiritual care in breast cancer patients. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi. 2010;3(1),73-9.
15. Işık E, Fadıloğlu Ç, Demir Y. Validity and reliability study of the Turkish translation of the attitudes towards death scale in the nurse population. HEMAR-G. 2009;2:28–43.
16. Juvet TM, Bornet MA, Desbiens JF, Tapp D, Roos P. "Do Not Protect Us, Train Us."-Swiss Healthcare Students' attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients. Omega. (in press). 2021. https//doi.org/10.1177/00302228211007003
17. Kavas E, Kavas N. Determining the perception of spiritual support by doctors, midwives and nurses about the need for spiritual care in patients: The case of Denizli. Turkish Studies. 2015;10(14):449-60.
18. Benli SS, Yıldırım A. Relationship between nurses' life satisfaction and attitudes towards death. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2017;6(4):167-79.
19. Çelik N. The intensive care nurses’ attitudes toward of death and principles about die with dignity. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2019;12(2):316-27.
20. Gama G, Barbosa F, Vieira M. Factors influencing nurses’ attitudes toward death. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2012;18(6):267-73.
21. Şahin M, Demirkıran F, Adana F. Nursing students’ death anxiety, influencing factors and request of caring for dying people. J Psy Nurs. 2016;7(3):135–41.
22. Wang L, Li C, Zhang Q, Li YJ. Clinical nurses’ attitutes towards death and caring for dying patients in China. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2018;24(1):33-9.
23. Yılmaz E, Vermişli S. The attitudes of nurses working in intensive care towards death and providing care to the dying individual. CBU-SBED. 2015;2(2):41-6.
24. Taşdemir G, Gök F. Determination of death anxiety of students studying in a health college. JHS. 2012;9:288-302.
25. Braun M, Gordon D, Uziely B. Associations between oncology nurses’ attitudes toward death and caring for dying patients. ONS. 2010;37(1):43-50.
26. Öz-Seki H, Kargın MA. Hemşirelik ve ölümü konuşabilmek üzerine bir derleme. Türkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(2):452-6.
27. Dağlı EN. Yaşlılarda Ölüm Korkusu ve Dindarlık. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Konya: Selçuk Üniversitesi; 2010.
28. Öztürk Z, Karakuş G, Tamam L. Yaşlı bireylerde ölüm kaygısı. Anadolu Psikiyatri De. 2011;12(1):37-43.
29. İnci F, Öz F. Effects of death education on nurses' death anxiety, depression regarding death, and attitudes towards the dying patient. Anadolu Psikiyatri De. 2009;10:253-60.
30. Kaçan-Softa H, Uçukoğlu H, Ulaş Karaahmetoğlu G, Esen D. Investigation of some factors affecting the level of death anxiety in the elderly. YSAD. 2011;1-2:67-79.
31. Orak OS, Gök Uğur H, Başköy F, Özcan M, Seyis N. Does the perception of God affect death anxiety in elderly patients? Journal of International Social Research. 2015;8(38):618-24.
32. Taka F. Determination of Death Anxiety in Nurses. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi; 2010.
33. Üstüner-Top F, Saraç A, Yaşar G. Determination of depression level, death anxiety and daily life functions in nursing home residents. J Clin Psy. 2010;13(1):1422.
34. Ayhan D. Hemşirelik Pratiğinde Ölümle Karşılaşma Durumu ve Sıklığının Hemşirelerin Ölüme Yönelik Tutumlarına Etkisi. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi; 2013.
35. McSherry W, Jamieson S. An online survey of nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care. JCN. 2011;20:1757–67.
36. Kumar S, Chris E, Pais M, Sisodia V, Kumar K. Nursing students' perceived attitudes towards death: a cross-sectional survey. Indian J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014;7(1):5-15.
37. Chen Y, Del Ben K, Fortson BL, Lewis J. Differential dimensions of death anxiety in nursing students with and without nursing experience. Death Stud. 2006;30(10):919-29.
38. Acehan G, Eker F. Death anxiety, death-related depression levels of medical personnel providing emergency medicine services and the coping methods they use. J Psy Nurs. 2013;4(1):27-35.
39. Dunn KS, Otten C, Stephens E. Nursing experience and the care of dying patients. ONS. 2005;32(1):97-104.
40. İnce F. Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerde Ölüm ve Ölüm Kaygısı Kavramının İncelenmesi. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. İstanbul: Haliç Üniversitesi; 2014.
41. Özdemir K. Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinde Ölüm Kaygısı. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi; 2014.
42. Chuin CL, Choo YC. Age, gender, and religiosity as related to death anxiety. Sunway Academic Journal. 2010;6:1-16.
43. Yüksel MY, Güneş F, Akdağ C. Investigation of the death anxiety and meaning in life levels among middle-aged adults. In SPC. 2017;2(2):165-81.
44. Ek K, Westin L, Prahl C, Osterlind J, Strang S, Bergh I, et al. Death and caring for dying patients: exploring first-year nursing students' descriptive experiences. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2014;20(10):509-15.
45. Leombruni P, Miniotti M, Bovero A, Zizzi F, Castelli L, Torta R. Attitudes toward caring for dying patients: An overview among Italian nursing students and preliminary psychometrics of the FATCOD-B scale. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2014;4:188-96.
46. Youssef HAM. Nursing students' perception of dying and their contextualizing end of life and palliative care in nursing curriculum at taif university. EJAE. 2016;3(5):193-9.
47. Kayaoğlu K, Ekinci M. Death anxiety in intensive care nurses and affecting factors. UHPPD. 2016;5:21-36.
48. Sayın Kasar K, Karaman E, Say Şahin, Yıldırım Y. Şenuzun Aykar F. The relationship between death anxiety experienced by elderly individuals and standard of life. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2016;5(2):48-55.
49. Şahin M, Demirkıran F, Adana F. “Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde ölüm kaygısı, ölmekte olan bireye bakım verme isteği ve etkileyen faktörler”. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği De. 2016;7(3):135–41.
50. Tambağ H, Mansuroğlu S, Yıldırım G. Determination of the spirutual support perception of intensive care unit nurses: a pilot study. JCM. 2018;8(2):159-64.
51. Gurdogan EP, Kurt D, Aksoy B, Kınıcı E, Şen A. Nurses’ perceptions of spiritual care and attitudes toward he principles of dying with dignity: A sample from Turkey. Death Stud. 2017;41(3), 180-87.
52. Periyakoil VS, Stevens M, Kraemer H. Multicultural long-term careurses’ perceptions of factors influencing patient ignity at the end of life. JAGS. 2013;71:440–6.
53. Pour HA, Özvurmaz S, Kunter D. Evaluation of the perception and practice model towards spiritual care in nursing and midwifery intern students. J Contemp Med. 2017;7:225–33.
54. Wu L F, Tseng HC, Liao YC. Nurse education and willingness to provide spiritual care. Nurse Educ Today. 2016;38:36-41.
55. Uslu-Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Hemşirelerin kanser hastalarına yönelik manevi bakım uygulamaları ve karşılaştıkları engeller. Gümüşhane Univ Saglık Bilim Derg. 2020;9(4):340-4
56. Ercan F, Körpe G, Demir S. Spirituality and spiritual care related perceptions of nurses working at the ınpatient services of a university hospital. GMJ. 2018;29(1):17-22.
57. Duran A, Özçelik H. Yoğun bakım klinilerinde çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin spiritüalite ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumları. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi. 2022;9 (1):2-10.

Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Ruh Sağlığı Hemşireliği
Bölüm	Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar	Yurdagül Selvi 0000-0001-6095-8956 Figen İnci Arı 0000-0002-9977-4297 Zehra Çalışkan 0000-0002-4726-5052
Proje Numarası	Yok
Erken Görünüm Tarihi	26 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi	28 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi	16 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver	Selvi Y, İnci Arı F, Çalışkan Z. Attitudes Towards Death and Perceptions of Spiritual Support of Nurses Caring for Patients in the Terminal Period: A Descriptive and Correlational Study. HUHEMFAD. 2024;11(2):116-24.

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