The Effects of Back Massage on the Vital Signs and Anxiety Level of Elderly Staying in a Rest Home

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 14 - 21, 01.06.2009

Assist. Prof. Şebnem Çınar Prof. İsmet Eşer Prof. Leyla Khorshid

Öz

Aim: This is an experimental study carried out to investigate the effect of back massage on vital signs and anxiety level of residents in a rest home. Method: This research was conducted in a rest home between 1 December 2006 and 10 May 2007 in İzmir, Turkey. The research data were collected using “Elderly Introduction Form” and “the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory”. Back massage was applied to the older people at their beds between 18-20 pm three days long for 10 minutes by the researcher. Data analysis was conducted using Repeated Measures one-way ANOVA and paired samples t test. Results: The mean age of the older people in this research was 73.07 year (Range: 62-85 years), 61.9% were female, 66.7% were widowed, 47.6% graduated from elementary school. It was identified that except body temperature, there was a statistically significant decrease in the vital signs immediately after the back massage, 15-minute and 30-minute afterwards measurements. There was also a statistically significant decrease in level of anxiety after the back massage. Conclusion: Back massage was determined to decrease anxiety level and vital signs, except body temperature, of the elderly individuals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Back massage, vital signs, anxiety level, older people, nurse

Huzurevinde Yaşayan Yaşlılarda Sırt Masajının Yaşamsal Bulgular ve Anksiyete Düzeyine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlılarda sırt masajının yaşamsal belirtiler ve anksiyeteye etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmış, deneysel bir çalışmadır. Yöntem: Araştırma, İzmir'deki bir huzurevinde 1 Aralık 2006- 10 Mayıs 2007 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri, “Yaşlı Tanıtım Formu” ve “Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Sırt masajı araştırmacı tarafından 18.00-20.00 saatleri arasında 10 dakika süreyle üç gün yaşlının yatağında uygulanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi tekrarlayan ölçümlerde tek yönlü varyans analizi ve iki eş arasındaki farkın önemlilik testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan yaşlıların, yaş ortalaması 73.07 yıl (62-85yaş) olup, % 61.9'u kadın, %47.6'sı ilkokul mezunu, %66.7'si duldur. Araştırma sonucunda, Sırt masajı uygulamasından önce, hemen sonra, 15 dakika ve 30 dakika sonra yaşlıların vücut sıcaklığı dışındaki yaşamsal bulgu değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde bir azalma olduğu saptanmıştır. Sırt masajı sonrası yaşlıların anksiyete düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Sırt masajının; yaşlıların vücut sıcaklığı dışındaki yaşamsal bulgu değerlerini ve anksiyete düzeylerini azalttığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sırt masajı, yaşamsal bulgular, anksiyete, yaşlı, hemşire

Kaynakça

• Hayes J, Cox C. Immediate effects of a five-minute foot massage on patients in critical care. Complementary Therapies in Nursing & Midwifery 2000; 15(6): 77-82.
• Hill C. Is massage beneficial to critically ill patients in intensive care? A critical review. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 1993; 9:116-121.
• Fraser J, Ross, K. Pycho-physiological effects of back massage on elderly institutionalized patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1994; 18(2): 238-245.
• Holland B, Pokorny M. Slow stroke back massage: its effect on patients in rehabilitatin setting. Rehabilitation Nursing 2001; 26(5): 182.
• Fakouri C, Jones P. Relaxation: the slow stroke back rubs. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 1987; 13:32-35.
• Meek S. Effects of slow stroke back massage on relaxation in hospice clients. Image Journal of Nursing Scholarship 1993; 25:17-21.
• Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for state-trait anxiety inventory. California, Consulting Psychologist Press; 1970.
• Öner N, Le Compte A. Durumluk-sürekli Kaygı envanteri el kitabi. İstanbul, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1985.
• Ersser SJ, Bentley T, Chappell S, Taylor HR, Wade S, Walsh R, et al. Sleep of old people in nursing care settings and the impact of back massage on sleep: a pilot study. Oxford Centre for Health Care Research & Development Oxford Brookes University, Oxford; 1998.
• Tuna N. Masaj. In: Beyazova M, Gökçe KY editors. Fiziksel tıp ve rehabilitasyon. Güneş Kitabevi, Ankara: Öncü Basımevi; 2000. s. 842-853.
• Ersser SJ, Wiles A, Taylor H, Wade S, Walsh R, Bentley T. Measuring the sleep of older people: tool development and use in the evaluation of therapeutic massage. Nursing Times Research 1999; 4:55-64.
• Dunn C, Sleep J, Collett D. Sensing an improvement: an experimental study to evaluate the use of aromatherapy massage and periods of rest in an intensive care unit. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1995; 21:34-40.
• Longworth, J. Psychophysiological effects of slow stroke back massage in normotensive females. Advances in Nursing Science 1982; 4:44-61.
• Ferrell-Torry AT, Glick OJ. The use of therapeutic massage as a nursing intervention to modify to modify anxiety and the perception of cancer pain. Cancer Nursing 1993; 16(2): 93-101.
• Corley M, Ferriter J, Zeh J, Gifford C. Physiological and psychological effects of back rubs. Applied Nursing Research 1995; 8: 39-42.
• Cutshall SM, Wentworth LJ, Engen D, Sundt TM, Kelly RF, Bauer BA. Effect of massage therapy on pain, anxiety, and tension in cardiac surgical patients: A pilot study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 2010; 16:92-95.
• Jane SW, Wilkie DJ, Betty B. Gallucci, Beaton RD, Huang H. Effects of a Full-Body Massage on Pain Intensity, Anxiety, and Physiological Relaxation in Taiwanese Patients with Metastatic Bone Pain: A Pilot Study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2009; 37(4): 754-763.
• Billhult A, Matta S. Light pressure massage for patients with severe anxiety. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 2009; 15: 96-101.
• Bauer WC, Dracup KA. Physiologic effects of back massage in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Focus on critical care/American Association of Critical-Care Nurses 1987; 14(6): 42-46.